Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski (; 9 June 1885, Gąbin – 31 August 1962 London) was a Polish physician,Waclaw Jedrzejewicz ''Piłsudski: A Life for Poland'' Hippocrene, 1982 Page 246 general, freemason and politician who served as Minister of I ...

Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski (30 December 1888, Kraków – 22 August 1974, Kraków) was a Polish politician and economist, Deputy Prime Minister of Poland, government minister and manager of the Second Polish Republic. Biography He studied at the pr ...

Józef Beck Józef Beck (; 4 October 1894 – 5 June 1944) was a Polish statesman who served the Second Republic of Poland as a diplomat and military officer. A close associate of Józef Piłsudski, Beck is most famous for being Polish foreign minister in ...

Wojciech Świętosławski Wojciech Alojzy Świętosławski (1881 – 1968) was a Polish physical chemist, who is considered the "father of modern thermochemistry". He developed a static method of cryometric measurement and a new method of testing coal. Świętosławski was ...

August Hlond August Hlond (July 5, 1881 – October 22, 1948) was a Polish cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, who was Archbishop of Poznań and Gniezno in 1926 and Primate of Poland. He was then appointed as the Archbishop of Gniezno and Warsaw in 194 ...

Eastern Orthodox Church The Eastern Orthodox Church, also called the Orthodox Church, is the second-largest Christian church, with approximately 220 million baptized members. It operates as a communion of autocephalous churches, each governed by its bishops vi ...

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

Sejm The Sejm (English: , Polish: ), officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland ( Polish: ''Sejm Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej''), is the lower house of the bicameral parliament of Poland. The Sejm has been the highest governing body of ...

Wacław Makowski Wacław is a Polish masculine given name. It is a borrowing of cz, Václav, Latinized as Wenceslaus. For etymology and cognates in other languages, see Wenceslaus. It may refer to: * Wacław Leszczyński *Wacław of Szamotuły * Wacław Hański ...

Bogusław Miedziński Bogusław may refer to: * Bogusław (given name) * Bogusław, West Pomeranian Voivodeship * Bogusław, Lublin Voivodeship See also * Bogusławski (disambiguation) * Bohuslav Bohuslav ( uk, Богуслав, yi, באָסלעוו or ''Boslov'' ...

Józef Lipski Józef Lipski (5 June 1894 – 1 November 1958) was a Polish diplomat and Ambassador to Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1939. Lipski played a key role in the foreign policy of the Second Polish Republic. Life Lipski trained as a lawyer, and joined th ...

Józef Beck Józef Beck (; 4 October 1894 – 5 June 1944) was a Polish statesman who served the Second Republic of Poland as a diplomat and military officer. A close associate of Józef Piłsudski, Beck is most famous for being Polish foreign minister in ...

Monte Carlo Monte Carlo (; ; french: Monte-Carlo , or colloquially ''Monte-Carl'' ; lij, Munte Carlu ; ) is officially an administrative area of the Principality of Monaco, specifically the ward of Monte Carlo/Spélugues, where the Monte Carlo Casino is ...

Zakopane Zakopane ( Podhale Goral: ''Zokopane'') is a town in the extreme south of Poland, in the southern part of the Podhale region at the foot of the Tatra Mountains. From 1975 to 1998, it was part of Nowy Sącz Voivodeship; since 1999, it has been ...

Zagłębie Dąbrowskie Zagłębie in Polish means coalfield. It can refer to: * Górnośląskie Zagłębie Węglowe, a mining region *Zagłębie Dąbrowskie, a mining region *Zagłębie Sosnowiec, an association football club *Zagłębie Lubin, an association football cl ...

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

Aleksander Kakowski Aleksander Kakowski (; 5 February 1862 – 30 December 1938) was a Polish politician, diplomat, a member of the Regency Council and, as Cardinal and Archbishop of Warsaw, the last titular Primate of the Kingdom of Poland before Poland fully r ...

August Hlond August Hlond (July 5, 1881 – October 22, 1948) was a Polish cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, who was Archbishop of Poznań and Gniezno in 1926 and Primate of Poland. He was then appointed as the Archbishop of Gniezno and Warsaw in 194 ...

Antoni Szlagowski Antoni is a Catalan, Polish, and Slovene given name and a surname used in the eastern part of Spain, Poland and Slovenia. As a Catalan given name it is a variant of the male names Anton and Antonio. As a Polish given name it is a variant of the fe ...

Munich Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Ha ...

Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Nazi Germany, Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his death in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the le ...

Hans von Moltke Hans may refer to: __NOTOC__ People * Hans (name), a masculine given name * Hans Raj Hans, Indian singer and politician ** Navraj Hans, Indian singer, actor, entrepreneur, cricket player and performer, son of Hans Raj Hans ** Yuvraj Hans, Punjabi ...

Józef Lipski Józef Lipski (5 June 1894 – 1 November 1958) was a Polish diplomat and Ambassador to Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1939. Lipski played a key role in the foreign policy of the Second Polish Republic. Life Lipski trained as a lawyer, and joined th ...

Michal Lubienski Michal (; he, מיכל , gr, Μιχάλ) was, according to the first Book of Samuel, a princess of the United Kingdom of Israel; the younger daughter of King Saul, she was the first wife of David (), who later became king, first of Judah, ...

Roman Dmowski Roman Stanisław Dmowski (Polish: , 9 August 1864 – 2 January 1939) was a Polish politician, statesman, and co-founder and chief ideologue of the National Democracy (abbreviated "ND": in Polish, "''Endecja''") political movement. He saw th ...

Łódź Łódź, also rendered in English as Lodz, is a city in central Poland and a former industrial centre. It is the capital of Łódź Voivodeship, and is located approximately south-west of Warsaw. The city's coat of arms is an example of cant ...

Jurgis Šaulys Jurgis Šaulys (; 1879–1948) was a Lithuanian economist, diplomat, and politician, and one of the twenty signatories to the 1918 Act of Independence of Lithuania. Šaulys attended secondary school in Palanga and attended the Kaunas Theolo ...

Warsaw Główna Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officiall ...

Edward Rydz-Śmigły Marshal Edward Rydz-Śmigły (11 March 1886 – 2 December 1941; nom de guerre ''Śmigły, Tarłowski, Adam Zawisza''), also called Edward Śmigły-Rydz, was a Polish politician, statesman, Marshal of Poland and Commander-in-Chief of Poland ...

Heinrich Himmler Heinrich Luitpold Himmler (; 7 October 1900 – 23 May 1945) was of the (Protection Squadron; SS), and a leading member of the Nazi Party of Germany. Himmler was one of the most powerful men in Nazi Germany and a main architect of th ...

Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski (30 December 1888, Kraków – 22 August 1974, Kraków) was a Polish politician and economist, Deputy Prime Minister of Poland, government minister and manager of the Second Polish Republic. Biography He studied at the pr ...

Józef Beck Józef Beck (; 4 October 1894 – 5 June 1944) was a Polish statesman who served the Second Republic of Poland as a diplomat and military officer. A close associate of Józef Piłsudski, Beck is most famous for being Polish foreign minister in ...

Białowieża Białowieża ( be, Белавежа, Biełavieža) is a village (population 2,000 as of 2002) in Poland's Podlasie Province, in the middle of the Białowieża Forest, to which it gave its name. The village is some east of Hajnówka and southe ...

Volhynia Volhynia (also spelled Volynia) ( ; uk, Воли́нь, Volyn' pl, Wołyń, russian: Волы́нь, Volýnʹ, ), is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between south-eastern Poland, south-western Belarus, and western Ukraine. The ...

Horyn The Horyn or Haryn ( uk, Горинь ; be, Гарынь ; russian: Горы́нь; pl, Horyń) is a tributary of the Pripyat, which flows through Ukraine and Belarus. The Horyn is long, and has a drainage basin of .Styr. Heinrich Himmler hunts in

Białowieża Białowieża ( be, Белавежа, Biełavieža) is a village (population 2,000 as of 2002) in Poland's Podlasie Province, in the middle of the Białowieża Forest, to which it gave its name. The village is some east of Hajnówka and southe ...

, together with

Marian Zyndram-Kościałkowski Marian Zyndram-Kościałkowski (; 16 March 1892, Pandėlys, Kovno Governorate – 12 April 1946 Brookwood, Surrey) was a Polish politician, freemason and military officer who served as voivode of Białystok Voivodeship (1919-1939), Białystok Voi ...

*February 20. Heinrich Himmler returns to Berlin *February 22. First flights of the PZL.50 Jastrząb.

Polish Telegraphic Agency The Polish Telegraphic Agency (, PAT) was a Polish state-owned news agency established on October 31, 1918. Its main office was at first located in Krakow. Later, it was moved to Lwow, and finally to Warsaw, where it remained until the 1939 Inv ...

announces that

Zaolzie Trans-Olza ( pl, Zaolzie, ; cs, Záolží, ''Záolší''; german: Olsa-Gebiet; Cieszyn Silesian: ''Zaolzi''), also known as Trans-Olza Silesia ( Polish: ''Śląsk Zaolziański''), is a territory in the Czech Republic, which was disputed betwe ...

hence will be called ''Western Silesia'' *February 24. AntiPolish riots at the Königliche Technische Hochschule zu Danzig in Gdańsk. Polish students are beaten *February 25. Warsaw students demonstrate in front of the German embassy.

Galeazzo Ciano Gian Galeazzo Ciano, 2nd Count of Cortellazzo and Buccari ( , ; 18 March 1903 – 11 January 1944) was an Italian diplomat and politician who served as Foreign Minister in the government of his father-in-law, Benito Mussolini, from 1936 until 1 ...

, together with wife

Edda Mussolini Edda Ciano, Countess of Cortellazzo and Buccari (''née'' Mussolini; 1 September 1910 – 9 April 1995) was the daughter of Benito Mussolini, Italy's fascist dictator from 1922 to 1943. Her husband, the fascist propagandist and Foreign Minister ...

, comes by train to Warsaw *February 26. Galeazzo Ciano unveils the monument of

Francesco Nullo Francesco Nullo (1 March 1826 – 5 May 1863) was an Italian patriot, military officer and merchant, and a close friend and confidant of Giuseppe Garibaldi. He supported independence movements in Italy and Poland. He was a participant in the ...

in Warsaw

March

*March 1. On the last day of his visit,

Galeazzo Ciano Gian Galeazzo Ciano, 2nd Count of Cortellazzo and Buccari ( , ; 18 March 1903 – 11 January 1944) was an Italian diplomat and politician who served as Foreign Minister in the government of his father-in-law, Benito Mussolini, from 1936 until 1 ...

visits

Kraków Kraków (), or Cracow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city dates back to the seventh century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596 ...

*March 2. A hurricane in

Wilno Vilnius ( , ; see also #Etymology and other names, other names) is the capital and List of cities in Lithuania#Cities, largest city of Lithuania, with a population of 592,389 (according to the state register) or 625,107 (according to the munic ...

destroys several houses *March 4.

Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, and ...

n minister of foreign affairs,

Grigore Gafencu Grigore Gafencu (; January 30, 1892 – January 30, 1957) was a Romanian politician, diplomat and journalist. Political career Gafencu was born in Bârlad. He studied law and received his Ph.D. in law from the University of Bucharest. During W ...

, comes to Warsaw by train, greeted by

Józef Beck Józef Beck (; 4 October 1894 – 5 June 1944) was a Polish statesman who served the Second Republic of Poland as a diplomat and military officer. A close associate of Józef Piłsudski, Beck is most famous for being Polish foreign minister in ...

,

Stefan Starzyński Stefan Bronisław Starzyński (19 August 1893 – between 21 and 23 December 1939) was a Polish statesman, economist, military officer and Mayor of Warsaw before and during the Siege of 1939. Early life, studies and career Stefan Bronis ...

and

Jan Szembek Count Jan Sebastian Szembek''’ (1672-1731) was a Polish szlachcic. Recorder of the Crown since 1699, Vice-Chancellor of the Crown in 1703–1711, Grand Chancellor of the Crown since 1712. Starost of Łomża Łomża (), in English known as ...

*March 6. Grigore Gafencu returns to

Bucharest Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of ...

. A group of Polish writers, including

Konstanty Ildefons Gałczyński Konstanty Ildefons Gałczyński (23 January 1905 – 6 December 1953), alias ''Karakuliambro'', was a Polish poet. He is well known for the "paradramatic" absurd humorous sketches of the ''Green Goose Theatre''. Biography Born to a lower-mid ...

, visits

Zaolzie Trans-Olza ( pl, Zaolzie, ; cs, Záolží, ''Záolší''; german: Olsa-Gebiet; Cieszyn Silesian: ''Zaolzi''), also known as Trans-Olza Silesia ( Polish: ''Śląsk Zaolziański''), is a territory in the Czech Republic, which was disputed betwe ...

*March 16. Units of

Hungarian Army The Hungarian Ground Forces ( hu, Magyar Szárazföldi Haderő) is the land branch of the Hungarian Defence Forces, and is responsible for ground activities and troops including artillery, tanks, APCs, IFVs and ground support. Hungary's ground ...

meet troops of the

Polish Army The Land Forces () are the land forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 62,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military history stre ...

, after Hungarian invasion of

Carpatho-Ukraine Carpatho-Ukraine or Carpathian Ukraine ( uk, Карпа́тська Украї́на, Karpats’ka Ukrayina, ) was an autonomous region within the Second Czechoslovak Republic, created in December 1938 by renaming Subcarpathian Rus' whose full ...

*March 17. In Berlin,

Józef Lipski Józef Lipski (5 June 1894 – 1 November 1958) was a Polish diplomat and Ambassador to Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1939. Lipski played a key role in the foreign policy of the Second Polish Republic. Life Lipski trained as a lawyer, and joined th ...

meets

Hermann Göring Hermann Wilhelm Göring (or Goering; ; 12 January 1893 – 15 October 1946) was a German politician, military leader and convicted war criminal. He was one of the most powerful figures in the Nazi Party, which ruled Germany from 1933 to 1 ...

, discussing establishment of

Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia The Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia; cs, Protektorát Čechy a Morava; its territory was called by the Nazis ("the rest of Czechia"). was a partially annexed territory of Nazi Germany established on 16 March 1939 following the German oc ...

*March 22. A meeting of key Polish figures takes place at the Warsaw Castle. Present are Ignacy Mościcki,

Edward Rydz-Śmigły Marshal Edward Rydz-Śmigły (11 March 1886 – 2 December 1941; nom de guerre ''Śmigły, Tarłowski, Adam Zawisza''), also called Edward Śmigły-Rydz, was a Polish politician, statesman, Marshal of Poland and Commander-in-Chief of Poland ...

,

Józef Beck Józef Beck (; 4 October 1894 – 5 June 1944) was a Polish statesman who served the Second Republic of Poland as a diplomat and military officer. A close associate of Józef Piłsudski, Beck is most famous for being Polish foreign minister in ...

and

Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski (30 December 1888, Kraków – 22 August 1974, Kraków) was a Polish politician and economist, Deputy Prime Minister of Poland, government minister and manager of the Second Polish Republic. Biography He studied at the pr ...

. All agree that Poland will not accept German proposal of extraterritorial rail and road connection between East Prussia and the rest of Germany. On the same day, Stanisław Mackiewicz is imprisoned in the

Bereza Kartuska detention camp Bereza Kartuska Prison (, "Place of Isolation at Bereza Kartuska") was operated by Poland's Sanation government from 1934 to 1939 in Biaroza, Bereza Kartuska, Polesie Voivodeship (today, Biaroza, Belarus). Because the inmates were detained with ...

*March 26. In Berlin, Polish ambassador Józef Lipski meets Joachim von Ribbentrop, who demands that Gdańsk becomes part of Germany. Lipski, following Beck's order, refuses *March 30. In Warsaw, British ambassador Howard Kennard asks Józef Beck if Poland will accept British guarantees. Beck answers in the affirmative. On the same day,

Wincenty Witos Wincenty Witos (; 22 January 1874 – 31 October 1945) was a Polish politician, prominent member and leader of the Polish People's Party (PSL), who served three times as the Prime Minister of Poland in the 1920s. He was a member of the Polish Peo ...

returns to Poland and stays in

Kraków Kraków (), or Cracow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city dates back to the seventh century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596 ...

*March 31. In London, prime minister Neville Chamberlain officially declares that Great Britain will help Poland in case of war

April

*April 2. In the afternoon, Józef Beck leaves Warsaw and goes by train to London. On his way, he stops at Berlin, to meet ambassador Józef Lipski *April 4. Józef Beck meets at breakfast with lord Halifax and

Winston Churchill Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, soldier, and writer who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom twice, from 1940 to 1945 during the Second World War, and again from ...

in London. On the same day in the afternoon, Beck talks with Neville Chamberlain *April 5. In London, Józef Beck meets king

George VI George VI (Albert Frederick Arthur George; 14 December 1895 – 6 February 1952) was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth from 11 December 1936 until his death in 1952. He was also the last Emperor of I ...

at

Windsor Castle Windsor Castle is a royal residence at Windsor in the English county of Berkshire. It is strongly associated with the English and succeeding British royal family, and embodies almost a millennium of architectural history. The original c ...

. In Warsaw, a funeral of

Walery Sławek Walery Jan Sławek (; 2 November 1879 – 3 April 1939) was a Polish politician, freemason, military officer and activist, who in the early 1930s served three times as Prime Minister of Poland. He was one of the closest aides of Polish lead ...

takes place *April 8. Stanisław Mackiewicz is released from Bereza Kartuska. Józef Beck returns to Warsaw *April 11.

Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Nazi Germany, Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his death in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the le ...

signs '' Fall Weiss'' *April 14. In Warsaw, Józef Beck meets Hungarian attaché, Andreas Hory *April 17. General

Johan Laidoner Johan Laidoner ( – 13 March 1953) was an Estonian general and statesman. He served as Commander‑in‑Chief of the Estonian Armed Forces during the 1918–1920 Estonian War of Independence and was among the most influential people in the Eston ...

, Commander-in-chief of the

Estonian Army The Estonian Land Forces ( et, Maavägi), unofficially referred to as the Estonian Army, is the name of the unified ground forces among the Estonian Defense Forces where it has an offensive military formation role. It is currently the largest ...

, comes to Warsaw *April 18. A regular air connection Warsaw –

Copenhagen Copenhagen ( or .; da, København ) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark, with a proper population of around 815.000 in the last quarter of 2022; and some 1.370,000 in the urban area; and the wider Copenhagen metropolitan ar ...

– London is opened *April 19.

ORP Sęp (1938) ORP ''Sęp'' was an serving in the Polish Navy during World War II. In Polish her name means ''Vulture''. Construction Built at the Dutch shipyard Rotterdamsche Droogdok Maatschappij, she was laid down in November 1936 and launched on 17 Oct ...

, built in the Netherlands, comes to

Gdynia Gdynia ( ; ; german: Gdingen (currently), (1939–1945); csb, Gdiniô, , , ) is a city in northern Poland and a seaport on the Baltic Sea coast. With a population of 243,918, it is the 12th-largest city in Poland and the second-largest in th ...

*April 22. General

Johan Laidoner Johan Laidoner ( – 13 March 1953) was an Estonian general and statesman. He served as Commander‑in‑Chief of the Estonian Armed Forces during the 1918–1920 Estonian War of Independence and was among the most influential people in the Eston ...

visits Kraków.

Anatole de Monzie Anatole de Monzie (22 November 1876, Bazas, Gironde – 11 January 1947, Paris) was a French administrator, encyclopaedist ('' Encyclopédie française''), political figure and scholar. His father was a tax collector in Bazas, Gironde whe ...

, French Minister of Public Works, comes to Poland *April 23. A 49-kilometer railroad connection Częstochowa – Chorzew Siemkowice, part of the

Polish Coal Trunk-Line The Coal Trunk-Line ( pl, Magistrala Węglowa) is one of the most important rail connections in Poland. It crosses the central part of the country, from the coal mines and steelworks of Upper Silesia in the South to the Baltic Sea port of Gdynia i ...

is opened *April 24. Józef Beck meets British ambassador, Sir Howard Kennard.

Wojciech Korfanty Wojciech Korfanty (; born Adalbert Korfanty; 20 April 1873 – 17 August 1939) was a Polish activist, journalist and politician, who served as a member of the German parliaments, the Reichstag and the Prussian Landtag, and later, in the Polish ' ...

returns to Poland. He comes to

Poznań Poznań () is a city on the River Warta in west-central Poland, within the Greater Poland region. The city is an important cultural and business centre, and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Saint Joh ...

and talks to Primate

August Hlond August Hlond (July 5, 1881 – October 22, 1948) was a Polish cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, who was Archbishop of Poznań and Gniezno in 1926 and Primate of Poland. He was then appointed as the Archbishop of Gniezno and Warsaw in 194 ...

*April 30. In Gross Strehlitz near Oppeln, personnel of the Polish Theatre from Katowice is beaten by a Nazi crowd. In Warsaw, a great air show takes place.

Poznań International Fair The Poznań International Fair (PIF, pl, Międzynarodowe Targi Poznańskie, MTP) is the biggest industrial fair in Poland. It is held on the Poznań fairground in Poland. Poznań International Fair is located in the centre of the city opposite ...

opens in Poznań

May

*May 2. Polish

Council of Ministers A council is a group of people who come together to consult, deliberate, or make decisions. A council may function as a legislature, especially at a town, city or county/ shire level, but most legislative bodies at the state/provincial or nati ...

approves a bill according to which the President can issue decrees. A local election in

Volhynia Volhynia (also spelled Volynia) ( ; uk, Воли́нь, Volyn' pl, Wołyń, russian: Волы́нь, Volýnʹ, ), is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between south-eastern Poland, south-western Belarus, and western Ukraine. The ...

takes place *May 3. A military parade, to commemorate the

Constitution Day Constitution Day is a holiday to honour the constitution of a country. Constitution Day is often celebrated on the anniversary of the signing, promulgation or adoption of the constitution, or in some cases, to commemorate the change to constitut ...

, takes place in Warsaw *May 4. Marshall

Edward Rydz-Śmigły Marshal Edward Rydz-Śmigły (11 March 1886 – 2 December 1941; nom de guerre ''Śmigły, Tarłowski, Adam Zawisza''), also called Edward Śmigły-Rydz, was a Polish politician, statesman, Marshal of Poland and Commander-in-Chief of Poland ...

meets schoolchildren from Warsaw and

Zaolzie Trans-Olza ( pl, Zaolzie, ; cs, Záolží, ''Záolší''; german: Olsa-Gebiet; Cieszyn Silesian: ''Zaolzi''), also known as Trans-Olza Silesia ( Polish: ''Śląsk Zaolziański''), is a territory in the Czech Republic, which was disputed betwe ...

*May 5.

Józef Beck Józef Beck (; 4 October 1894 – 5 June 1944) was a Polish statesman who served the Second Republic of Poland as a diplomat and military officer. A close associate of Józef Piłsudski, Beck is most famous for being Polish foreign minister in ...

delivers a famous speech in the

Sejm The Sejm (English: , Polish: ), officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland ( Polish: ''Sejm Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej''), is the lower house of the bicameral parliament of Poland. The Sejm has been the highest governing body of ...

, in which he rejects Hitler's demands towards Poland *May 7. Mass patriotic demonstrations of peasants and workers take place across Poland, with the biggest in Warsaw and

Tarnów Tarnów () is a city in southeastern Poland with 105,922 inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of 269,000 inhabitants. The city is situated in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship since 1999. From 1975 to 1998, it was the capital of the Tarn� ...

*May 9. General

Stasys Raštikis Stasys Raštikis (September 13, 1896 – May 3, 1985) was a Lithuanian military officer, ultimately obtaining the rank of divisional general. He was the commander of the Lithuanian Army from September 21, 1934, to April 23, 1940. During World War ...

, Defense Minister of Lithuania, comes to Warsaw *May 11. Polish ambassador in Moscow, Wacław Grzybowski, meets

Vyacheslav Molotov Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich Molotov. ; (;. 9 March Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O._S._25_February.html" ;"title="Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Old Style and New Style dates">O. S. 25 February">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dat ...

*May 12. A mutual help agreement between France and Poland is signed in Paris by Polish ambassador Juliusz Łukasiewicz and French Minister of Foreign Affairs, Georges Bonnet *May 13.

Galeazzo Ciano Gian Galeazzo Ciano, 2nd Count of Cortellazzo and Buccari ( , ; 18 March 1903 – 11 January 1944) was an Italian diplomat and politician who served as Foreign Minister in the government of his father-in-law, Benito Mussolini, from 1936 until 1 ...

informs Józef Beck that in case of future Polish-German conflict, Italy will support Germany *May 15. General Tadeusz Kasprzycki begins in Paris negotiations about military help with General

Maurice Gamelin Maurice Gustave Gamelin (, 20 September 1872 – 18 April 1958) was an army general in the French Army. Gamelin is remembered for his disastrous command (until 17 May 1940) of the French military during the Battle of France (10 May–22 June 1940 ...

*May 16. General

Wacław Stachiewicz Wacław Teofil Stachiewicz (19 November 1894 – 12 November 1973) was a Polish writer, geologist, military commander and general of the Polish Army. A brother to General Julian Stachiewicz and the husband to General Roman Abraham's sister, Stach ...

orders his subordinates to create a plan of fortifications along the Polish-German border *May 18. Floods in Poland, in the areas of Kielce and Lwów *May 19. Polish-French military negotiations end in Paris. Both sides pledge to help each other in case of war *May 23. Polish-British military negotiations begin in Warsaw. Józef Beck meets General

Józef Haller Józef Haller von Hallenburg (13 August 1873 – 4 June 1960) was a lieutenant general of the Polish Army, a legionary in the Polish Legions, harcmistrz (the highest Scouting instructor rank in Poland), the president of the Polish Scouti ...

*May 26. Nationwide local elections are finished, with

Obóz Zjednoczenia Narodowego ''Obóz Zjednoczenia Narodowego'' (, en, Camp of National Unity; abbreviated "''OZN''"; and often called "''Ozon''" (Polish for "ozone") was a Polish political party founded in 1937 by sections of the leadership in the Sanacja movement. A year ...

winning 48% of votes. A Polish Institute is opened in

Budapest Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population ...

*May 30. The funeral of

Aleksander Brückner Aleksander Brückner (; 29 January 1856 – 24 May 1939) was a Polish scholar of Slavic languages and literatures (Slavistics), philologist, lexicographer and historian of literature. He is among the most notable Slavicists of the late 19th ...

takes place in Berlin

June

*June 2. A new ambassador of the Soviet Union, Nikolai Sharonov, comes to Warsaw and begins his mission *June 6. A dangerous fire in the unfinished complex of the

Warsaw Główna Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officiall ...

rail station *June 7. Seven people die, when an express train Katowice – Warszawa derails near

Pruszków Pruszków ( yi, ‏פּרושקאָוו) is a city in east-central Poland, situated in the Masovian Voivodeship since 1999. It was previously in Warszawa Voivodeship (1975–1998). Pruszków is the capital of Pruszków County, located along t ...

*June 11. President Ignacy Mościcki begins a tour of the

Central Industrial Area The Central Industrial District ( pl, Centralny Okręg Przemysłowy, abbreviated COP), is an industrial region in Poland. It was one of the biggest economic projects of the Second Polish Republic. The 5-year-long project was initiated by a famous P ...

*June 13. A delegation of the Polish government, under Adam Koc, comes to London, to negotiate a loan for

Polish Army The Land Forces () are the land forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 62,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military history stre ...

*June 15.

Polish Airlines LOT Polish Airlines, legally incorporated as Polskie Linie Lotnicze LOT S.A. (, ''flight''), is the flag carrier of Poland. Established in 1928, LOT was a founding member of IATA and remains one of the world's oldest airlines in operation. Wi ...

open new connections:

Gdynia Gdynia ( ; ; german: Gdingen (currently), (1939–1945); csb, Gdiniô, , , ) is a city in northern Poland and a seaport on the Baltic Sea coast. With a population of 243,918, it is the 12th-largest city in Poland and the second-largest in th ...

– Warsaw –

Budapest Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population ...

–

Venice Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 bridges. The isla ...

– Rome, and Warsaw – Budapest –

Belgrad Belgrade ( , ;, ; names in other languages) is the capital and largest city in Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers and the crossroads of the Pannonian Plain and the Balkan Peninsula. Nearly 1,166,763 million ...

*June 16. A heat wave in Poland, with temperatures ranging from 35 C in

Zaleszczyki Zalishchyky ( ; uk, Залiщики, Zalishchyky; pl, Zaleszczyki), also spelled Zalischyky, is a small city located on the Dniester river in Chortkiv Raion of Ternopil Oblast (province), in western Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Za ...

, to 21 in Poznań,

Toruń )'' , image_skyline = , image_caption = , image_flag = POL Toruń flag.svg , image_shield = POL Toruń COA.svg , nickname = City of Angels, Gingerbread city, Copernicus Town , pushpin_map = Kuyavian-Pom ...

and Gdynia. Representatives of Polonia from the United States collect $750 000 to the National Defence Fund *June 21. A Convention of 300 Polish

rabbi A rabbi () is a spiritual leader or religious teacher in Judaism. One becomes a rabbi by being ordained by another rabbi – known as ''semikha'' – following a course of study of Jewish history and texts such as the Talmud. The basic form of ...

s begins in

Wilno Vilnius ( , ; see also #Etymology and other names, other names) is the capital and List of cities in Lithuania#Cities, largest city of Lithuania, with a population of 592,389 (according to the state register) or 625,107 (according to the munic ...

*June 23. In Polish schools, summer vacation begins *June 24. Annual ''Days of the Sea'' begin in Gdynia. General Louis Faury visits Polish garrisons *June 26.

Florian Znaniecki Florian Witold Znaniecki (15 January 1882 – 23 March 1958) was a Polish philosopher and sociologist who taught and wrote in Poland and in the United States. Over the course of his work he shifted his focus from philosophy to sociology. H ...

leaves Poland for a series of lectures at American universities *June 29.

Jan Kiepura Jan Wiktor Kiepura (May 16, 1902 – August 15, 1966) was a Polish singer (tenor) and actor. Life and career Jan Kiepura was born in Sosnowiec, Poland, the son of Miriam (née Neuman), a former professional singer, and Franciszek Kiepura, a b ...

, together with wife Marta Eggerth, sing to thousands of people on the

Old Town Market Place, Warsaw Warsaw's Old Town Market Place ( pl, Rynek Starego Miasta) is the center and oldest part of the Old Town of Warsaw, capital of Poland. Immediately after the Warsaw Uprising, it was systematically blown up by the German Army. After World War II, ...

. All profits were given to the National Defence Fund

July

*July 5. Grand Rabbi Ben Zion Halberstam of

Bobov Bobov (or Bobover Hasidism) ( he, חסידות באבוב, yi, בּאָבּאָװ) is a Hasidic community within Haredi Judaism, originating in Bobowa, Galicia, in southern Poland, and now headquartered in the neighborhood of Borough Park, in Br ...

visits

Oświęcim Oświęcim (; german: Auschwitz ; yi, אָשפּיצין, Oshpitzin) is a city in the Lesser Poland ( pl, Małopolska) province of southern Poland, situated southeast of Katowice, near the confluence of the Vistula (''Wisła'') and Soła rive ...

, enthusiastically greeted by some 3000 followers *July 6. At Warsaw's Castle, a meeting of Ignacy Mościcki, Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski, Edward Rydz-Śmigły and Józef Beck takes place. The gathered discuss Polish policies concerning the Free City of Danzig *July 8. Due to unusually hot and sunny weather, harvest begins in Poland earlier than usually *July 7. King of

Albania Albania ( ; sq, Shqipëri or ), or , also or . officially the Republic of Albania ( sq, Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeastern Europe. It is located on the Adriatic and Ionian Seas within the Mediterranean Sea and shares ...

Zog, comes to Lwów and, after a short break, he goes to Warsaw together with family *July 10. Neville Chamberlain, speaking in the

House of Commons The House of Commons is the name for the elected lower house of the bicameral parliaments of the United Kingdom and Canada. In both of these countries, the Commons holds much more legislative power than the nominally upper house of parliament. T ...

, states that Britain is determined to help Poland in case of an attack *July 11. In Jazłowiec, the

14th Regiment of Jazłowiec Uhlans 14th Jazłowiec Uhlan Regiment (, 14 puł) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic, also a unit of Polish Armed Forces in the West and the Home Army. During the interbellum, the regiment garrisoned Lwów. It was named aft ...

celebrates its day *July 13. Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski tours the

Poznań Voivodeship Poznań Voivodeship was the name of several former administrative regions (''województwo'', rendered as ''voivodeship'' and usually translated as "province") in Poland, centered on the city of Poznań, although the exact boundaries changed over t ...

*July 15. On the anniversary of the

Battle of Grunwald The Battle of Grunwald, Battle of Žalgiris or First Battle of Tannenberg was fought on 15 July 1410 during the Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War. The alliance of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, led respec ...

, a mass demonstration takes place in Kraków. On the same day in Katowice,

Jan Kiepura Jan Wiktor Kiepura (May 16, 1902 – August 15, 1966) was a Polish singer (tenor) and actor. Life and career Jan Kiepura was born in Sosnowiec, Poland, the son of Miriam (née Neuman), a former professional singer, and Franciszek Kiepura, a b ...

sings to 20 000 people, with profits going to the National Defence Fund *July 17. General Sir

Edmund Ironside Edmund Ironside (30 November 1016; , ; sometimes also known as Edmund II) was King of the English from 23 April to 30 November 1016. He was the son of King Æthelred the Unready and his first wife, Ælfgifu of York. Edmund's reign was marred by ...

of the

British Army The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, a part of the British Armed Forces along with the Royal Navy and the Royal Air Force. , the British Army comprises 79,380 regular full-time personnel, 4,090 Gurk ...

comes to Warsaw, via

Gdynia Gdynia ( ; ; german: Gdingen (currently), (1939–1945); csb, Gdiniô, , , ) is a city in northern Poland and a seaport on the Baltic Sea coast. With a population of 243,918, it is the 12th-largest city in Poland and the second-largest in th ...

. Jan Kiepura sings to 10 000 people in Karwina,

Zaolzie Trans-Olza ( pl, Zaolzie, ; cs, Záolží, ''Záolší''; german: Olsa-Gebiet; Cieszyn Silesian: ''Zaolzi''), also known as Trans-Olza Silesia ( Polish: ''Śląsk Zaolziański''), is a territory in the Czech Republic, which was disputed betwe ...

*July 18. General Ironside visits the

Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Warsaw The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier ( pl, Grób Nieznanego Żołnierza) is a monument in Warsaw, Poland, dedicated to the unknown soldiers who have given their lives for Poland. It is one of many such national tombs of unknowns that were erected af ...

*July 20. General Ironside visits garrisons of the

Polish Army The Land Forces () are the land forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 62,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military history stre ...

in Rembertów and Modlin.

Wojciech Korfanty Wojciech Korfanty (; born Adalbert Korfanty; 20 April 1873 – 17 August 1939) was a Polish activist, journalist and politician, who served as a member of the German parliaments, the Reichstag and the Prussian Landtag, and later, in the Polish ' ...

leaves prison *July 27. ''

MS Batory MS ''Batory'' was a Polish ocean liner which was the flagship of Gdynia-America Line, named after Stefan Batory, the sixteenth-century king of Poland. She was the sister ship of . After Allied wartime service, mainly under the UK Admiralty, she b ...

'', a passenger ship, enters service in the port of

Gdynia Gdynia ( ; ; german: Gdingen (currently), (1939–1945); csb, Gdiniô, , , ) is a city in northern Poland and a seaport on the Baltic Sea coast. With a population of 243,918, it is the 12th-largest city in Poland and the second-largest in th ...

August

*August 1. Officers of Polish Police arrest in Lwów around 30 activists of the

Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists The Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists ( uk, Організація українських націоналістів, Orhanizatsiya ukrayins'kykh natsionalistiv, abbreviated OUN) was a Ukrainian ultranationalist political organization esta ...

*August 2. In London, governments of Poland and Great Britain sign an agreement according to which Poland gets a loan in the amount of 8 million British pounds (200 million Polish zlotys). Poland initially demanded four times as much. On the same day, Benedictine monks return to the abbey in

Tyniec Tyniec is a historic village in Poland on the Vistula river, since 1973 a part of the city of Kraków (currently in the district of Dębniki). Tyniec is notable for its Benedictine abbey founded by King Casimir the Restorer in 1044. Etymology T ...

*August 4. Polish customs officers in the Free City of Danzig are informed that they no longer can make inspections in the port. On the next day, under Polish pressure, the Senate of Danzig voids the decision *August 6. In Kraków, the 25th anniversary of First Cadre Company's departure is celebrated with estimated 200 000 watching the parade *August 8. A Polish-Hungarian celebration takes place at the Cross of the Legions in eastern Carpathians *August 9. Polish chargé d'affaires in Berlin, Stefan Lubomirski, meets

Ernst von Weizsäcker Ernst Heinrich Freiherr von Weizsäcker (25 May 1882 – 4 August 1951) was a German naval officer, diplomat and politician. He served as State Secretary at the Foreign Office of Nazi Germany from 1938 to 1943, and as its Ambassador to ...

, who hands Lubomirski a note from von Ribbentrop about tense situation in the Free City of Danzig *August 10. In Warsaw, Tomasz Arciszewski meets German chargé d'affaires, Johan von Wuhlisch. On the same day,

Gauleiter A ''Gauleiter'' () was a regional leader of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) who served as the head of a '' Gau'' or '' Reichsgau''. ''Gauleiter'' was the third-highest rank in the Nazi political leadership, subordinate only to '' Reichsleiter'' and to ...

Albert Forster makes a speech in Danzig, telling the crowds that the city will soon return to Germany *August 11. A conference of

Józef Beck Józef Beck (; 4 October 1894 – 5 June 1944) was a Polish statesman who served the Second Republic of Poland as a diplomat and military officer. A close associate of Józef Piłsudski, Beck is most famous for being Polish foreign minister in ...

, Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski, Ignacy Mościcki, Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski and Edward Rydz-Śmigły, takes place at the Warsaw Castle *August 12. In Moscow, talks between military delegations of France, Great Britain and Soviet Union begin *August 13. Partial mobilization of the

Polish Army The Land Forces () are the land forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 62,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military history stre ...

*August 15. Poland celebrates 19th anniversary of the ''Miracle at the Vistula'' (see: Battle of Warsaw (1920)), with the biggest demonstration taking place in Radzymin. On the same day in Moscow,

Vyacheslav Molotov Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich Molotov. ; (;. 9 March Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O._S._25_February.html" ;"title="Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Old Style and New Style dates">O. S. 25 February">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dat ...

talks with German ambassador to the Soviet Union, Friedrich Schullenburg. Schullenburg informs Molotov about von Ribbentrop's willingness to come to Moscow *August 17. French government grants Polish government credit in the amount of 430 million French francs *August 19. In

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

, Józef Beck, talking to British ambassador Howard Kennard and French ambassador Léon Noël, says that Polish government will not give permission for the Red Army to enter Polish territory in case of war with Germany. On the same day, Targi Północne, Northern Trade Fair opens in

Wilno Vilnius ( , ; see also #Etymology and other names, other names) is the capital and List of cities in Lithuania#Cities, largest city of Lithuania, with a population of 592,389 (according to the state register) or 625,107 (according to the munic ...

*August 20. In Katowice, funeral of

Wojciech Korfanty Wojciech Korfanty (; born Adalbert Korfanty; 20 April 1873 – 17 August 1939) was a Polish activist, journalist and politician, who served as a member of the German parliaments, the Reichstag and the Prussian Landtag, and later, in the Polish ' ...

takes place An official order of Adolf Hitler for attack on Poland 31

*August 22. Heat in Poland, with temperatures reaching up to 31 degrees Celsius in Pomerania. Edward Rydz-Śmigły orders alarm mobilization in military districts along western border of Poland. Joachim von Ribbentrop leaves Berlin for Moscow *August 23. In Moscow, Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact is signed *August 24. In the morning, secret mobilization takes place in Poland, which covers around 75% of the

Polish Army The Land Forces () are the land forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 62,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military history stre ...

manpower *August 25. Pact of mutual help between Poland and Great Britain is signed in London. In Moscow, Soviet–French–British negotiations end. German battleship Schleswig-Holstein anchoress in the channel near Westerplatte *August 26. Adolf Hitler changes his order and attack on Poland is postponed to September 1. Nevertheless, some Wehrmacht units attack, especially in the south. Józef Beck meets Soviet ambassador, Nikolai Sharonov *August 28. German ''chargé d'affaires'', Ernst Krummer meets

Jan Szembek Count Jan Sebastian Szembek''’ (1672-1731) was a Polish szlachcic. Recorder of the Crown since 1699, Vice-Chancellor of the Crown in 1703–1711, Grand Chancellor of the Crown since 1712. Starost of Łomża Łomża (), in English known as ...

. Krummer declares that the German–Polish Non-Aggression Pact is unilaterally abrogated by

Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Nazi Germany, Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his death in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the le ...

. On the same day, Hitler speaks at Reichstag (Weimar Republic), Reichstag, and the speech is broadcast by the radio (see: List of Adolf Hitler speeches). 20 people die in the Tarnów rail station bomb attack *August 30. The Polish destroyers ORP Burza, ORP ''Burza'', ORP Błyskawica, ORP ''Błyskawica'' and ORP Grom (1936), ORP ''Grom'' are ordered to execute the Peking Plan, and the warships head for Great Britain. A mobilisation of the

Polish Army The Land Forces () are the land forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 62,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military history stre ...

is ordered *August 31. Gleiwitz incident. Polish ambassador in Berlin,

Józef Lipski Józef Lipski (5 June 1894 – 1 November 1958) was a Polish diplomat and Ambassador to Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1939. Lipski played a key role in the foreign policy of the Second Polish Republic. Life Lipski trained as a lawyer, and joined th ...

, for the last time sees Joachim von Ribbentrop. At 12:40 pm, Adolf Hitler gives an order to attack Poland on September 1, at 4:45 am

September

*September 1 – Poland is Invasion of Poland, invaded by Nazi Germany, this precipitates the start of the Second World War. *September 17 – Poland is invaded by Soviet Union, USSR *September 22. German–Soviet military parade in Brest-Litovsk, Joint Nazi-Soviet military parade in Brzesc nad Bugiem

October

*October 1. In Paris, a Government in Exile, under General Władysław Sikorski, is sworn *October 2.

Polish Army The Land Forces () are the land forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 62,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military history stre ...

garrison in Hel, Poland, Hel capitulate. Governments of the United States and France officially recognize the government of General Sikorski. Battle of Kock (1939), battle of Kock begins *October 4. In Wilno, the NKVD incarcerates Colonel Zygmunt Berling *October 5.

Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Nazi Germany, Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his death in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the le ...

greets German troops during the parade of victory in Warsaw. Battle of Kock ends *October 7. Adolf Hitler orders

Heinrich Himmler Heinrich Luitpold Himmler (; 7 October 1900 – 23 May 1945) was of the (Protection Squadron; SS), and a leading member of the Nazi Party of Germany. Himmler was one of the most powerful men in Nazi Germany and a main architect of th ...

to organize mass expulsions of Poles from western part of the occupied country. In Kresy, Eastern Poland, electoral campaign begins *October 8. Upon decree of Hitler, Western provinces of Poland, with the population of 10 million and the area of 91 000 km²., together with the cities of

Poznań Poznań () is a city on the River Warta in west-central Poland, within the Greater Poland region. The city is an important cultural and business centre, and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Saint Joh ...

,

Gdynia Gdynia ( ; ; german: Gdingen (currently), (1939–1945); csb, Gdiniô, , , ) is a city in northern Poland and a seaport on the Baltic Sea coast. With a population of 243,918, it is the 12th-largest city in Poland and the second-largest in th ...

,

Toruń )'' , image_skyline = , image_caption = , image_flag = POL Toruń flag.svg , image_shield = POL Toruń COA.svg , nickname = City of Angels, Gingerbread city, Copernicus Town , pushpin_map = Kuyavian-Pom ...

, Bydgoszcz,

Łódź Łódź, also rendered in English as Lodz, is a city in central Poland and a former industrial centre. It is the capital of Łódź Voivodeship, and is located approximately south-west of Warsaw. The city's coat of arms is an example of cant ...

and Katowice are incorporated into the Third Reich *October 10. In Kiev, Soviet authorities arrest consul of Poland, Janusz Matuszynski, who vanishes without a trace *October 11. General Kazimierz Sosnkowski reaches Paris *October 12. General Government, with capital in Kraków, is created *October 16. Polish consul in Kaunas, Franciszek Charwat, leaves Lithuania, after both countries broke diplomatic relations when Lithuania incorporated the area of Wilno *October 19. The Germans transport to Berlin archives of the Polish Foreign Ministry *October 22. "Elections" in the Soviet-occupied areas of Kresy, eastern Poland, marked by terror of the NKVD troops *October 23. Last Polish Army unit in Eastern Poland is dissolved near Varėna, Orany. It was commanded by Colonel Władysław Wysocki *October 24. Nikita Khrushchev, talking to General Władysław Langner assures him that officers of the Polish Army, kept by the Soviets, will be released (see: Katyn massacre) *October 25. Since September 1, the Germans, in 700 mass executions, murdered around 16 000 Polish civilians *October 26. Hans Frank is appointed Governor-General of the Germany-General Government, occupied territories. In Lwów, first meeting of the People's Assembly of Western Ukraine takes place *October 27.

Stefan Starzyński Stefan Bronisław Starzyński (19 August 1893 – between 21 and 23 December 1939) was a Polish statesman, economist, military officer and Mayor of Warsaw before and during the Siege of 1939. Early life, studies and career Stefan Bronis ...

is arrested in Warsaw. In Lwów, the NKVD arrests General Marian Zegota-Januszajtis *October 28. Lithuanian Army units enter Wilno. According to German data, there are 360 000 Jews in Warsaw. In Białystok, first meeting of the People's Assembly of Western Belarus takes place

November

*November 1. Upon decree of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, southeastern part of Poland (see: Territories of Poland annexed by the Soviet Union) is incorporated into Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Soviet Ukraine as Western Ukraine, with the size of 88,000 km² and population of 8,000,000. On the same day, at Rasos Cemetery, Rossa Cemetery in

Wilno Vilnius ( , ; see also #Etymology and other names, other names) is the capital and List of cities in Lithuania#Cities, largest city of Lithuania, with a population of 592,389 (according to the state register) or 625,107 (according to the munic ...

, a mass, patriotic demonstration takes place, with 20,000 people present *November 2. The Germans officially change name of the Wawel Castle into ''Krakauer-Burg''. First Poles, displaced from German-occupied western part of country, come to Warsaw *November 3. German occupational authorities confiscate all radios. Hence, those Poles who keep their radios, are punished with death *November 5. Mass expulsions of Poles from

Poznań Poznań () is a city on the River Warta in west-central Poland, within the Greater Poland region. The city is an important cultural and business centre, and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Saint Joh ...

begin. They are replaced with Germans from the Baltic states *November 6. Sonderaktion Krakau – arrest of 183 professors from Kraków *November 7. In Reichsgau Wartheland, a ban on Polish-German marriages is announced *November 8. Aleksandra Piłsudska, together with daughters Wanda Piłsudska and Jadwiga Piłsudska arrive in London, *November 9. Mass arrests of Polish teachers in Łódź county. The city of Łódź, together with surrounding areas, is incorporated into Wartheland *November 12. General Mieczysław Boruta-Spiechowicz leaves Lwów and tries to get to Hungary. Caught by the NKVD, he is arrested. On the same day, German authorities begin printing of German-language newspapers, Krakauer Zeitung (in Kraków) and Warschauer Zeitung (in Warsaw) *November 14. Upon decree of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, northeastern part of Poland (see: Territories of Poland annexed by the Soviet Union) is incorporated into Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic, Soviet Belarus, as Western Belarus, with the size of 108,000 km² and population of 4,800,000 *November 19. In Lwów, a group of Polish writers (Władysław Broniewski, Tadeusz Boy-Żeleński, Stanisław Jerzy Lec, Aleksander Wat and Adam Ważyk), together sign an article published in Czerwony Sztandar (Lviv newspaper), Czerwony Sztandar, in which they praise incorporation of southeastern Poland into the Soviet Union *November 20. General Władysław Langner crosses former Polish–Romanian border *November 21. Colonel Stanisław Sosabowski leaves Warsaw and heads for

Budapest Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population ...

. On the same day, German authorities officially transfer Spisz and Orava (region), Orawa to Slovakia *November 22. French government declares the town of Angers seat of Polish government-in-exile *November 23. Upon decree of Hans Frank, all Jews over the age of 12 must wear armbands with the Star of David *November 29. Upon decree of the Supreme Soviet, all inhabitants of the Soviet-occupied areas of Poland are granted Soviet citizenship

December

*December 3. President in Exile, Władysław Raczkiewicz, moves from Paris to Angers *December 4. General Kazimierz Sosnkowski signs a ''Decree number 1 for Citizen Rakon'' (''Rakon'' was nom de guerre of Stefan Rowecki), which contains text of oath of members of the Union of Armed Struggle *December 5. A Seminary, Theological college in Lwów is dissolved by Soviet authorities *December 7. In

Zakopane Zakopane ( Podhale Goral: ''Zokopane'') is a town in the extreme south of Poland, in the southern part of the Podhale region at the foot of the Tatra Mountains. From 1975 to 1998, it was part of Nowy Sącz Voivodeship; since 1999, it has been ...

, NKVD and Gestapo officers discuss Soviet–German relations before 1941, mutual cooperation and methods of fighting Polish resistance (see: Gestapo–NKVD Conferences). In Palmiry, the Germans Palmiry massacre, execute 80 persons *December 10. In Lwów, NKVD agents arrest around 800 officers of the

Polish Army The Land Forces () are the land forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 62,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military history stre ...

, including General Mariusz Zaruski. In

Volhynia Volhynia (also spelled Volynia) ( ; uk, Воли́нь, Volyn' pl, Wołyń, russian: Волы́нь, Volýnʹ, ), is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between south-eastern Poland, south-western Belarus, and western Ukraine. The ...

, resettlement of ethnic German population begins. The Germans move to Wartheland *December 13. In Warsaw, Bolesław Piasecki is arrested *December 15. Lithuanian government liquidates Polish-language University of Stefan Batory in Wilno, creating a Lithuanian-language Vilnius University *December 23. In Lublin, the Germans execute 10 leaders of local Polish community *December 24. In Eastern Poland, occupied by the Soviets, exchange of currency takes place. Polish złotys are replaced with the much less valued Rubles *December 27. In Wawer, the Germans execute 106 Polish civilians

Arts and literature

Awards

*January 17. Jerzy Andrzejewski is awarded the youth prize of the Polish Academy of Literature *January 28. Leopold Staff receives an Honorary degree at the Warsaw University

New books

* Possessed (novel), Possessed by Witold Gombrowicz * ''Nuta człowiecza'', a poetry bundle by Józef Czechowicz

Film

* ''Sportowiec mimo woli'', with Adolf Dymsza, directed by Mieczysław Krawicz, music by Henryk Wars, premiered on May 31 1940. * ''Trzy serca'', with Elżbieta Barszczewska and Aleksander Żabczyński, based on a book by Tadeusz Dołęga-Mostowicz, directed by Michał Waszyński, music by Zygmunt Wiehler, premiere March 17, 1939, * ''Doktór Murek'', with Nora Ney (actress), Nora Ney based on a book by Tadeusz Dołęga-Mostowicz, directed by Juliusz Gardan, music by Władysław Szpilman, * ''Włóczęgi'', a comedy directed by Michał Waszyński, music by Henryk Wars, * ''U kresu drogi'' with Mieczysława Ćwiklińska and Kazimierz Junosza-Stępowski, screenplay by Anatol Stern, directed by Michał Waszyński.

Sports

January

*January 8. A 20-year-old Polish glider Tadeusz Góra is awarded the FAI Gliding Commission, Lilienthal Medal for his 577.8-kilometer glider flight from Bezmiechowa near Lesko to Soleczniki near

Wilno Vilnius ( , ; see also #Etymology and other names, other names) is the capital and List of cities in Lithuania#Cities, largest city of Lithuania, with a population of 592,389 (according to the state register) or 625,107 (according to the munic ...

*January 10. In the Upper Silesian city of Beuthen, football team of Autonomous Silesian Voivodeship, Polish Upper Silesia loses 3–5 to the team of Province of Upper Silesia, German Upper Silesia, with Leonard Piątek scoring two goals and Jerzy Wostal one *January 11. Jadwiga Wajs, discus throw Olympic silver and bronze medalist gets married in

Łódź Łódź, also rendered in English as Lodz, is a city in central Poland and a former industrial centre. It is the capital of Łódź Voivodeship, and is located approximately south-west of Warsaw. The city's coat of arms is an example of cant ...

*January 15. In Warsaw, in an international boxing match, Poland beats the Netherlands 16-0 *January 16. In Stockholm, in an international boxing match, Poland beats Sweden 12-4 *January 22. In a football friendly in Paris, France national football team, France beats Poland national football team, Poland 4-0 *January 25. Poland men's national ice hockey team, The national ice hockey team for the 1939 World Ice Hockey Championships in Switzerland has been announced. It consists of 15 players – 5 from Cracovia (football club), Cracovia, 4 from Dąb Katowice, 4 from Warszawianka Warszawa, 1 from AZS Poznań and 1 from Czarni Lwów *January 27. Men's volleyball championships of Poland begin in Lwów *January 29. In Lwów, Sokol Drugi Lwów becomes men's volleyball champion of Poland. Second is Cresovia Grodno, third – CWS Warszawa

February

*February 4. In the 1939 World Ice Hockey Championships, Poland in Group C (Basel) beats the Netherlands 9-0 *February 5. In the 1939 World Ice Hockey Championships, Poland in Basel loses 0–4 to Canada *February 7. In the second round of the 1939 World Ice Hockey Championships, Poland in Basel loses to Switzerland 0-4 *February 8. In the second round of the 1939 World Ice Hockey Championships, Poland in Basel beats Hungary 5-3 *February 9. In the second round of the 1939 World Ice Hockey Championships, Poland in Basel loses to the United States 0-4 *February 10. In the consolidation round of the 1939 World Ice Hockey Championships, Poland in Zürich beats Hungary 3-0 *February 11. Skiing championships of the world (FIS), begin in

Zakopane Zakopane ( Podhale Goral: ''Zokopane'') is a town in the extreme south of Poland, in the southern part of the Podhale region at the foot of the Tatra Mountains. From 1975 to 1998, it was part of Nowy Sącz Voivodeship; since 1999, it has been ...

*February 12. In the consolidation round of the 1939 World Ice Hockey Championships, Poland in Zürich loses to Germany 0–4, finishing sixth overall *February 12. In

Poznań Poznań () is a city on the River Warta in west-central Poland, within the Greater Poland region. The city is an important cultural and business centre, and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Saint Joh ...

, in an international boxing match, Poland beats Hungary 14-2

March

*March 3. In Katowice, the team of Dąb Katowice becomes ice-hockey champion of Poland. Second is Warszawianka Warszawa, third Ognisko Wilno *March 5. In

Łódź Łódź, also rendered in English as Lodz, is a city in central Poland and a former industrial centre. It is the capital of Łódź Voivodeship, and is located approximately south-west of Warsaw. The city's coat of arms is an example of cant ...

, in an international table tennis game, Poland beats Latvia 5-4 *March 12. In Lwów, in an international boxing match, Poland beats Finland 14-2 *March 12. In Riga, in an international boxing match, ''Poland B'' beats Latvia 10-6 *March 19. In

Poznań Poznań () is a city on the River Warta in west-central Poland, within the Greater Poland region. The city is an important cultural and business centre, and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Saint Joh ...

, in an international boxing match, Poland beats Italy 10-6 *March 26. In the first game of the 1939 season of the Ekstraklasa, Polish football league, Garbarnia Kraków beats at home Ruch Chorzów 2-1 (att. 4000)

April

*April 2. Games of the 1939 season of the Ekstraklasa, Polish football league begin. In the first round, Warszawianka Warszawa loses at home to Ruch Chorzów 0-5 (att. 3000), AKS Chorzów loses in Chorzów 1–2 to Cracovia (football club), Cracovia (att. 6000), Pogoń Lwów beats at home Garbarnia Kraków 5-1 (att. 4000), Wisła Kraków beats at home Polonia Warszawa 2-1 (att. 3500) and Warta Poznań beats at home Union Touring Łódź 7-0 (att. 2000) *April 10. During the Easter holidays, several foreign football teams came to Poland. Gedania Gdańsk, a Polish minority side from the Free City of Danzig, beat 3-1 Warszawianka Warszawa in Warsaw, Elektromos Budapest lost 1–2 to Wisła Kraków and beat 1-0 Cracovia Kraków, Budapest Honvéd FC, Kispest FC beat 2-1 AKS Chorzów and lost 1–2 to Ruch Chorzów, and SK Bratislava beat 2–1 in Lwów the reserve team of Pogoń Lwów *April 13. Polish team leaves Poznań and goes by train to Dublin, to participate in the 1939 European Amateur Boxing Championships *April 16. In the games of the Ekstraklasa, Polish football league, Polonia Warszawa beats at home Warta Poznań 3-1 (att. 4000), Cracovia beats at home Warszawianka Warszawa 2-1 (att. 7000), Garbarnia Kraków loses at home 2–3 to AKS Chorzów (att. 7000), Ruch Chorzów beats at home Pogoń Lwów 4-1 (att. 4000) and Wisła Kraków beats in Łódź Union-Touring 3-1 (att. 3000). In Warsaw, in a table tennis international game, Kaunas beats Warsaw 7-2 *April 22. Polish boxing team, with one gold (Antoni Kolczyński), three silver medals (Antoni Czortek, Józef Pisarski, Franciszek Szymura) and a bronze by Zbigniew Kowalski, leaves Dublin, after the 1939 European Amateur Boxing Championships. Poland overall is the winner of team competition. In Riga, in a basketball international friendly, Poland loses to Latvia 18:42 *April 23. In the games of the Ekstraklasa, Polish football league, Cracovia Kraków beats at home Union-Touring lodz 1-0 (att. 3000), Garbarnia Kraków beats away Warszawianka Warszawa 2-0 (att. 3000), Pogoń Lwów beats at home Polonia Warszawa 3-2 (att. 3000), Warta Poznań beats at home Wisła Kraków 4-1 and in the Upper Silesian classic, Ruch Chorzów beats on home turf AKS Chorzów 3–2, with attendance of 10,000. In Riga, in a basketball international friendly, Poland beats Latvia 31-29

May

*May 3. In Kraków, in the Polish Football League game, Wisła Kraków beats Pogoń Lwów 2-1 (att. 4000). In international tennis game, Poland beats

Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, and ...

3–1. In Warsaw and major Polish cities (Kraków, Lwów, Wilno, Poznań,

Toruń )'' , image_skyline = , image_caption = , image_flag = POL Toruń flag.svg , image_shield = POL Toruń COA.svg , nickname = City of Angels, Gingerbread city, Copernicus Town , pushpin_map = Kuyavian-Pom ...

,

Gdynia Gdynia ( ; ; german: Gdingen (currently), (1939–1945); csb, Gdiniô, , , ) is a city in northern Poland and a seaport on the Baltic Sea coast. With a population of 243,918, it is the 12th-largest city in Poland and the second-largest in th ...

, Białystok,

Zakopane Zakopane ( Podhale Goral: ''Zokopane'') is a town in the extreme south of Poland, in the southern part of the Podhale region at the foot of the Tatra Mountains. From 1975 to 1998, it was part of Nowy Sącz Voivodeship; since 1999, it has been ...

, Lublin, Brzesc, Grudziądz, Slonim), ''National Running Day'' competitions take place, with numerous athletes participating *May 7. In games of the Polish Football League, Warszawianka Warszawa beats Polonia Warszawa 5-1 (att. 8000), Ruch Chorzów beats Garbarnia Kraków 5-0 (att. 5000), Wisła Kraków beats Cracovia Kraków 5-1 (att. 8000), Pogoń Lwów ties at home with Union-Touring Łódź 2-2 (att. 2000) and Warta Poznań beats at home AKS Chorzów 2-1 (att. 5000). In Warsaw, in the Davis Cup match, Poland beats the Netherlands 4-1 *May 14. In Warsaw, in an international football friendly, the team of the city of Warsaw beats the team of the city of Kaunas 5-2 *May 19. A Davis Cup game Poland-Germany begins *May 21. In games of the Polish Football League, Warszawianka Warszawa loses at home 0–4 to AKS Chorzów (att. 3000), Ruch Chorzów routs at home Union-Touring Łódź 12-1 (with 10 goals by Ernest Wilimowski, att. 2000), Pogoń Lwów beats away Warta Poznań 1–0, and Wisła Kraków ties 1–1 with Garbarnia Kraków (att. 6000) *May 22. In Kaunas, during the Basketball Championships of Europe, basketball team of Poland beats Estonia 40-36 *May 23. In Kaunas, basketball team of Poland beats France 38-36 *May 24. In Kaunas, basketball team of Poland loses to Lithuania 18-46 *May 25. In Kaunas, basketball team of Poland beats Hungary 42-20 *May 27. In

Łódź Łódź, also rendered in English as Lodz, is a city in central Poland and a former industrial centre. It is the capital of Łódź Voivodeship, and is located approximately south-west of Warsaw. The city's coat of arms is an example of cant ...

, in a football friendly, Poland ties 3–3 with Belgium national football team, Belgium, with two goals by Ernst Wilimowski and one by Jerzy Wostal. On the same day in Lwów, events marking 35th anniversary of Pogoń Lwów take place *May 28. Polish national basketball team finishes the EuroBasket 1939 on the third spot, behind Lithuania and Latvia

June

*June 4. In Warsaw, in a football friendly, Poland ties 1–1 with Switzerland national football team, Switzerland, with a goal by Leonard Piątek *June 8. In a game of the Polish Football League, Wisła Kraków loses at home 0–1 to Ruch Chorzów (att. 7000) *June 11. In games of the Polish Football League, Warta Poznań beats at home Warszawianka Warszawa 4-2 (att. 3500), Garbarnia Kraków loses at home to Cracovia 1-2 (att. 4000), Polonia Warszawa routs at home Union-Touring Łódź 6-1 (att. 4000) and AKS Chorzów beats at home Pogoń Lwów 2-0 (att. 5000) *June 18. In games of the Polish Football League, Pogoń Lwów beats at home Cracovia Kraków 3–0, Warta Poznań ties away with Ruch Chorzów 1-1 (att. 6000), Wisła Kraków beats in Warsaw Warszawianka Warszawa 1-0 (att. 2500), Garbarnia Kraków ties at home 2–2 with Polonia Warszawa (att. 2000) and AKS Chorzów beats in Łódź Union Touring 7-1 (att. 3000). On the same day, handball team of Poland beats Sweden in Katowice 8-6 *June 25. In an international women's track and field match in Bergamo, Poland loses to Italy 33–51. In games of the Polish Football League, Polonia Warszawa beats at home Wisła Kraków 5-4 (att. 6000), AKS Chorzów ties at home 0–0 with Warszawianka Warszawa (att. 2000), Cracovia Kraków loses at home 2–5 to Ruch Chorzów (att. 6000), Pogoń Lwów beats in Łódź Union-Touring 2-1 (att. 1500) and Warta Poznań beats at home Garbarnia Kraków 5-0 (att. 4000). In Łódź, ŁKS Łódź becomes man's handball champion of Poland. Second is Pogon Katowice, third AZS Warszawa, and fourth, AZS Lwów

July

*July 2. In the games of the Ekstraklasa, Polish Football League, Ruch Chorzów loses at home 2–3 to Polonia Warszawa (att. 4000), Cracovia (football club), Cracovia beats Warszawianka Warszawa in Warsaw 3-1 (att. 1500), Wisła Kraków routs at home Warta Poznań 5-0 (att. 3000), and Pogoń Lwów, in its last ever official home game, ties 1–1 with AKS Chorzów (att. 5000) *July 8. Men's track and field championships of Poland begin in

Poznań Poznań () is a city on the River Warta in west-central Poland, within the Greater Poland region. The city is an important cultural and business centre, and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Saint Joh ...

*July 9. In

Kraków Kraków (), or Cracow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city dates back to the seventh century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596 ...

, in the Ekstraklasa, Polish Football League game, Garbarnia Kraków beats Union Touring Łódź 2-1 (att. 1000) *July 15. Women's track and field championships of Poland begin in Katowice *July 16. In the Ekstraklasa, Polish Football League game, Polonia Warszawa ties 2–2 at home with Ruch Chorzów (att. 4000), on the same day women's swimming championships of Poland end in Bielsko-Biała *July 22. Tour de Pologne begins with the first stage, from

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

to Lublin *July 23. Second stage of Tour de Pologne, from Lublin, via Zamość and Rawa Ruska, to Lwów *July 24. Third stage of Tour de Pologne, from Lwów, via Przeworsk to Rzeszów, *July 25. Fourth stage of Tour de Pologne, from Rzeszów, via

Tarnów Tarnów () is a city in southeastern Poland with 105,922 inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of 269,000 inhabitants. The city is situated in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship since 1999. From 1975 to 1998, it was the capital of the Tarn� ...

to

Kraków Kraków (), or Cracow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city dates back to the seventh century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596 ...

*July 26. Fifth stage of Tour de Pologne, from Kraków, via Bielsko-Biała, to Cieszyn *July 28. Sixth stage of Tour de Pologne, from Cieszyn, via Trzyniec, to Katowice *July 29. Seventh stage of Tour de Pologne, from Katowice, via Częstochowa, to Piotrków Trybunalski *July 30. Last, eighth, stage of Tour de Pologne, from Piotrków Trybunalski to

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

. Bolesław Napierała wins the tournament

August

*August 2. In

Gdynia Gdynia ( ; ; german: Gdingen (currently), (1939–1945); csb, Gdiniô, , , ) is a city in northern Poland and a seaport on the Baltic Sea coast. With a population of 243,918, it is the 12th-largest city in Poland and the second-largest in th ...

, Józef Hebda becomes tennis champion of Poland *August 10. International tennis game Poland – China starts in Warsaw *August 12. Rowing (sport), Rowing championships of Poland begin in

Poznań Poznań () is a city on the River Warta in west-central Poland, within the Greater Poland region. The city is an important cultural and business centre, and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Saint Joh ...

*August 13. In the Ekstraklasa, Polish Football League qualifiers, Legia Poznań ties at home 1–1 with Junak Drohobycz and Śląsk Świętochłowice beats at home Śmigły Wilno 2-1 *August 15. In the Ekstraklasa, Polish Football League game, Cracovia (football club), Cracovia loses at home 3–4 to Pogoń Lwów (att. 4000) *August 20. In the last prewar round of the Ekstraklasa, Polish Football League, Polonia Warszawa beats at home Pogoń Lwów 2-1 (this is the last ever game in the history of the Lwów side, att. 5000), Cracovia (football club), Cracovia beats 3–2 in

Łódź Łódź, also rendered in English as Lodz, is a city in central Poland and a former industrial centre. It is the capital of Łódź Voivodeship, and is located approximately south-west of Warsaw. The city's coat of arms is an example of cant ...

the team of Union Touring Łódź (att. 3000), Warta Poznań beats at home Ruch Chorzów 5-2 (att. 8000), AKS Chorzów beats at home Garbarnia Kraków 3-0 (att. 3000) and Wisła Kraków beats at home Warszawianka Warszawa 4-2 (att. 3000). On the same day, in the qualifiers to the League, Śmigły Wilno beats at home Legia Poznań 5-1 (att. 3000), and Junak Drohobycz ties at home 0–0 with Śląsk Świętochłowice (att. 4000), *August 25. For the first time in the interbellum period, a Polish football team, Śmigły Wilno, goes to Lithuania to play friendlies there, *August 27. In Warsaw, Polish football team beats Hungary 4–2, with three goals scored by Ernest Willimowski and one by Leonard Piątek (see: 1939 Poland vs Hungary football match)

September

*September 3 – A planned international football friendly between Poland and Bulgaria in

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

was cancelled due to the invasion of Poland. On the same day, the Gordon Bennett Cup in ballooning, Gordon Bennett cup in ballooning, planned in Lwów, was cancelled. Three other international matches were cancelled in September, between Poland and Yugoslavia in Belgrade on 6 September, and two matches on the 24 September between ''Poland B Team'' and Finland in Helsinki, and ''Poland A Team'' and

Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, and ...

in

Bucharest Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of ...

.

Births

*February 2, Marcin Libicki, conservative politician is born in Poznań, *February 6 Czesław Niemen, a singer and composer, is born in Stare Wasiliszki *April 20, Anna Radziwiłł, historian, educator, and politician, *April 27. Stanisław Dziwisz, a Cardinal (Catholic Church), Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, is born in Raba Wyżna *May 2. Stanisław Ciosek, a prominent member of the Polish United Workers' Party, is born in the village of Pawłowice near Radom *May 28, Wojciech Karolak, jazz musician, born in Warsaw *June 17. Krzysztof Zanussi, film producer, producer and film director is born in

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

*July 2. Film actress Iga Cembrzyńska is born in Radom *July 19. Bohdan Cywiński, a writer and member of anticommunist movements, is born in Milanówek *July 29. Witold Baran, a middle-distance runner, is born in Chmielów, Ostrowiec County, Chmielów near Kielce *August 9. Maria Czubaszek, a poet and songwriter, is born in Warsaw *August 23. Edward Linde-Lubaszenko, actor, born in Białystok *September 19. Jerzy Bartmiński, linguist and ethnologist, is born in Przemyśl *September 23. Janusz Gajos, an actor, is born in Dąbrowa Górnicza *November 5. Jan Nowicki, actor, born in Kowal (town), Kowal *December 29. Konrad Fiałkowski, scientist, born in Lublin

Deaths

*January 2. In the village of Drozdowo near Łomża, at 1:05 a.m., dies

Roman Dmowski Roman Stanisław Dmowski (Polish: , 9 August 1864 – 2 January 1939) was a Polish politician, statesman, and co-founder and chief ideologue of the National Democracy (abbreviated "ND": in Polish, "''Endecja''") political movement. He saw th ...

*February 24. In Warsaw dies Tadeusz Puszczyński, commandant of the Wawelberg Group and the Sarny Fortified Area *March 8. In Warsaw dies professor Władysław Marian Zawadzki, former Minister of Treasury *April 2.

Walery Sławek Walery Jan Sławek (; 2 November 1879 – 3 April 1939) was a Polish politician, freemason, military officer and activist, who in the early 1930s served three times as Prime Minister of Poland. He was one of the closest aides of Polish lead ...

commits suicide *May 24. Professor

Aleksander Brückner Aleksander Brückner (; 29 January 1856 – 24 May 1939) was a Polish scholar of Slavic languages and literatures (Slavistics), philologist, lexicographer and historian of literature. He is among the most notable Slavicists of the late 19th ...

dies in Berlin *July 3. Football player Hubert Gad drowns in a pond in Świętochłowice *August 17.

Wojciech Korfanty Wojciech Korfanty (; born Adalbert Korfanty; 20 April 1873 – 17 August 1939) was a Polish activist, journalist and politician, who served as a member of the German parliaments, the Reichstag and the Prussian Landtag, and later, in the Polish ' ...

dies in Warsaw *September 9. Józef Czechowicz, avant garde poet, dies in Lublin *September 10. Władysław Raginis commits suicide at Wizna *September 18. Following Soviet Union, Soviet invasion on Poland, Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz commits suicide in the Polesie Voivodeship *September 20. Tadeusz Dołęga-Mostowicz dies in a skirmish with Soviet forces in Kuty *September 22. General Józef Olszyna-Wilczyński is murdered by the Red Army soldiers *September 24. Samuel Dickstein (mathematician), Samuel Dickstein, mathematician (b. 1851) *October 30. In Konstancin-Jeziorna, Konstantynów dies Wacław Gąsiorowski, writer of popular historic novels *December 14. Wacław Niemojowski, a monarchist politician, dies in Kalisz *December 24. Professor Antoni Meyer dies in Sachsenhausen concentration camp *December 28. Stanisław Estreicher dies in Sachsenhausen concentration camp

References

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{{Year in Europe, 1939 1939 in Poland, 1930s in Poland pl:1939

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