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First Cadre Company
The First Cadre Company ( pl, Pierwsza Kompania Kadrowa) was a Polish military formation created in the Austro-Hungarian Army at the outbreak of World War I. The company was founded by Józef Piłsudski on August 3, 1914 in Kraków. It was the predecessor of the Polish Legions, and formed the core of the Polish Legions' First Brigade during World War I. History The First Cadre Company came into formation when the Riflemen's Association and the Polish Rifle Squads were mobilized between July 29 and August 2 in 1914 by Józef Piłsudski. At 6pm on August 3, the First Cadre was formally created in the Oleandry district of Kraków (just east of Jordan Park). On August 4 and 5, the Cadre underwent re-organization while the soldiers received short yet extensive training. Tadeusz Kasprzycki was appointed commander. The Cadre consisted of four platoons, each consisting of four groups of 10 soldiers each. The exact number of soldiers varies according to the source, but estimates gener ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jordan Park
Jordan Park (''Park Jordana'', literally Jordan's Park) was established in 1889 as the first public playground in Kraków, Poland, and the first of its kind in Europe. It was equipped with exercise fixtures modeled after those of similar playgrounds in the United States. The park is located in Kraków’s ''Błonia'' (municipal grasslands that had previously served as cattle pasture).Jacek SlezakJordan's Garden in Krakow, Poland History The original Jordan Park included a swimming pool, 12 playing and soccer fields, as well as numerous running and exercise tracks. Facilities were added for indoor activities in 1906, in case of bad weather. The park was also equipped with locker rooms and showers. On top of that, a free meal service was established for the children. Jordan Park was set up by physician and physical education pioneer Dr. Henryk Jordan, brought to completion with the help from the director of Kraków City Parks, Bolesław Malecki. The concept of Jordan’s Gardens be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Units And Formations Established In 1914
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct military uniform. It may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of the military is usually defined as defence of the state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms ''armed forces'' and ''military'' are often treated as synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include both its military and other paramilitary forces. There are various forms of irregular military forces, not belonging to a recognized state; though they share many attributes with regular military forces, they are less often referred to as simply ''military''. A nation's military may f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seven Lancers Of Belina
The Seven Lancers of Belina, also called Belina’s Seven and The Seven Uhlans (Polish: Ulanska siodemka) was a name given to a mounted reconnaissance group of the Riflemen's Association. On August 2, 1914, upon order of Józef Piłsudski, the seven uhlans crossed the border between Austrian Galicia and Congress Poland, on a mission to gather information about Russian forces in the area of Miechów and Jędrzejów. Members of the group would later become elite of the cavalry forces of the Second Polish Republic (see also Polish cavalry). Belina’s Seven were named after Władysław Belina-Prażmowski (nom de guerre Belina), who was in charge of the group. Other members included: * Janusz Gluchowski ("Janusz"), * Antoni Jablonski ("Zdzislaw"), * Zygmunt Karwacki ("Boncza"), * Stefan Kulesza ("Hanka"), * Stanisław Grzmot-Skotnicki ("Grzmot"), * ("Kmicic"). On August 3, 1914 after midnight, the group, armed with rifles and pistols, and equipped both with civilian clot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1st Brigade, Polish Legions
Brigade I of the Polish Legions ( pl, I Brygada Legionów Polskich, de-AT, Brigade I der Polnischen Legion, hu, A Lengyel Légió I. Dandárja) was a unit of Austro-Hungarian Army, manned by Poles under Austrian occupation, part of the Polish Legions in World War I, existing from 1914 to 1917. History The First Brigade was formed on December 19, 1914, as part of the Polish Legions in World War I. Until October 1916 the First Brigade was commanded by Józef Piłsudski, thereafter by Marian Żegota-Januszajtis. The First Brigade and the Third Brigade were disbanded after the 1917 Oath Crisis. The March of the First Brigade was one of the best-known songs of the Polish Legions. Combat Major battles fought by the First Brigade included: * battle of Łowczówek (December 22–25, 1914) * battle of Konary (May 16–25, 1915) * battle of Jastków (July 30 – August 3, 1915) * battle of Kamionka (August 4–7, 1915) * battle of Kostiuchnówka (July 4–6, 1916) Organization T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme National Committee
The Supreme National Committee (''Naczelny Komitet Narodowy'', ''NKN'') was a quasi-government for the Poles in Galicia, Austro-Hungarian Empire, from 1914 to 1917. History Created on 16 August 1914, the Supreme National Committee replaced the Temporary Commission of Confederated Independence Parties (''Komisja Tymczasowa Skonfederowanych Stronnictw Niepodległościowych'') and the Central National Committee (''Centralny Komitet Narodowy''), gaining support from Polish conservatives and National Democrats; but over time it lost much of its early support, especially due to its strong pro-Austrian stance, and was replaced in 1917 by a Regency Council. Key members * Presidents: Juliusz Leo; Władysław Leopold Jaworski; Leon Biliński * Military: Władysław Sikorski; Józef Piłsudski ), Vilna Governorate, Russian Empire (now Lithuania) , death_date = , death_place = Warsaw, Poland , constituency = , party = None (formerly PPS) , s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wacław Scaevola-Wieczorkiewicz
Wacław Scaevola-Wieczorkiewicz (June 25, 1890 in the village of Polanowka near Lublin – December 7, 1969 in Geneva) was a General brygady of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic. He fought in World War I, the Polish–Soviet War and World War II. Waclaw Wieczorkiewicz was born into a noble family of landowners. He graduated from Stanislaw Staszic High School in Lublin, and continued his education at University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna. In 1911, he joined the Riflemen's Association, under nom de guerre Rene Scewola (later he changed his last name into Scaevola-Wieczorkiewicz, it was officially confirmed by the Voivode of Lwow, on November 7, 1931). In 1912, after completion of officer training, he was promoted to the rank of subcolonel (podporucznik). From August 1914 until July 1917, Wieczorkiewicz fought in Polish Legions in World War I. Wounded after the battle of Marcinkowice near Nowy Sacz (December 5–6, 1914), he recuperated in a military ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kielce
Kielce (, yi, קעלץ, Keltz) is a city in southern Poland, and the capital of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. In 2021, it had 192,468 inhabitants. The city is in the middle of the Świętokrzyskie Mountains (Holy Cross Mountains), on the banks of the Silnica River, in the northern part of the historical Polish province of Lesser Poland. Kielce has a history back over 900 years, and the exact date that it was founded remains unknown. Kielce was once an important centre of limestone mining and the vicinity is famous for its natural resources like copper, lead and iron, which, over the centuries, were exploited on a large scale. There are several fairs and exhibitions held in Kielce throughout the year. The city and its surroundings are also known for their historic architecture, green spaces and recreational areas like the Świętokrzyski National Park. In sports, the city is known as the home of the top-tier handball club, multiple Polish Champion and one-time EHF Champions Le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michałowice, Lesser Poland Voivodeship
Michałowice is a village in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Michałowice. It lies approximately north of the regional capital Kraków. Gallery File:Żądło-Dąbrowski z Dąbrówki Herbu (Coat of Arms) Radwan Family Manor in Michałowice Village, POLAND.jpg, Dąbrowski Manor in Michałowice Dąbrowski (; feminine Dąbrowska, plural Dąbrowscy) or Dabrowski is the 11th most common surname in Poland (87,304 people in 2009);Citation: Zawadzki, 2002 this is down from an apparent rank of 4th in 1990.Citation: Futrega, 2006 ''Dąbrowski ... References Villages in Kraków County Kielce Governorate Kielce Voivodeship (1919–1939) {{Kraków-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congress Poland
Congress Poland, Congress Kingdom of Poland, or Russian Poland, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland, was a polity created in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna as a semi-autonomous Polish state, a successor to Napoleon's Duchy of Warsaw. It was established when the French ceded a part of Polish territory to the Russian Empire following France's defeat in the Napoleonic Wars. In 1915, during World War I, it was replaced by the German-controlled nominal Regency Kingdom until Poland regained independence in 1918. Following the partitions of Poland at the end of the 18th century, Poland ceased to exist as an independent nation for 123 years. The territory, with its native population, was split between the Habsburg monarchy, the Kingdom of Prussia, and the Russian Empire. After 1804, an equivalent to Congress Poland within the Austrian Empire was the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, also commonly referred to as "Austrian Poland". The area incorporated into Prussia and subse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. The rise of the Russian Empire coincided with the decline of neighbouring rival powers: the Swedish Empire, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Qajar Iran, the Ottoman Empire, and Qing China. It also held colonies in North America between 1799 and 1867. Covering an area of approximately , it remains the third-largest empire in history, surpassed only by the British Empire and the Mongol Empire; it ruled over a population of 125.6 million people per the 1897 Russian census, which was the only census carried out during the entire imperial period. Owing to its geographic extent across three continents at its peak, it featured great ethnic, linguistic, religious, and economic diversity. From the 10th–17th centuries, the land ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
