Étienne Martin
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Étienne Martin (1913–1995) was a French non-figurative sculptor.


Biography

He was born Henri Étienne-Martin 4 February 1913 in Loriol,
Drôme Drôme (; Occitan: ''Droma''; Arpitan: ''Drôma'') is the southernmost department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of Southeastern France. Named after the river Drôme, it had a population of 516,762 as of 2019.
,
France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...
. He attended the Ecole des Beaux Arts de
Lyon Lyon,, ; Occitan language, Occitan: ''Lion'', hist. ''Lionés'' also spelled in English as Lyons, is the List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, third-largest city and Urban area (France), second-largest metropolitan area of F ...
from 1929 to 1933, where he met Marcel Michaud. Martin moved to Paris in 1934, working at the studio of
Charles Malfray Charles Malfray (19 July 1887, Orléans – 28 May 1940, Dijon) was a French sculptor. Born the son of an Orléans stonemason he was a student of the École des Beaux-Arts d'Orléans. At seventeen, he attended the School of Decorative Arts in Pari ...
at the
Académie Ranson The Académie Ranson was founded in Paris by the French painter Paul Ranson (1862–1909), who himself studied at the Académie Julian, in 1908.
where he came into contact with such painters as
Roger Bissière Roger Bissière (22 September 1886 – 2 December 1964) was a French artist. He designed stained glass windows for Metz cathedral and several other churches. Biography Roger Bissière was born 22 September 1886 in Villeréal, Lot-e ...
, Jean Le Moal,
Jean Bertholle Jean Bertholle (26 June 1909, Dijon Dijon (, , ) (dated) * it, Digione * la, Diviō or * lmo, Digion is the prefecture of the Côte-d'Or department and of the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in northeastern France. the commune ...
,
Alfred Manessier Alfred Manessier (5 December 1911, Saint-Ouen – 1 August 1993, Orléans) was a non-figurative French painter, stained glass artist, and tapestry designer, part of the new School of Paris and the Salon de Mai. Biography Manessier was born am ...
, Zelman, Véra Pagava, and the sculptor François Stahly. With them, he became part of the group '' Témoignage'', which had exhibitions in Paris in 1938 and 1939. He worked primarily in wood and plaster, creating works inspired by his childhood memories of his home in Loriol. Later sculpture included bronze, string, and textiles. During
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...
Étienne Martin was a prisoner in Germany and was liberated in 1941. In 1942 he traveled to
Oppède Oppède (; oc, Opeda) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France. ''Oppidum'' is the Latin word for 'town'. History It is in fact two villages: Oppède-le-Vieux ("the old" in Fren ...
with Stahly et Zelman and then in 1943-1944 he went to
Dieulefit Dieulefit (; ''Dieulofé'', from Old Occitan ''Dieu lo fe'' "God made it") is a commune in the Drôme department in southeastern France. Population See also *Communes of the Drôme department The following is a list of the 363 communes of ...
, Drôme where he met the writer
Henri-Pierre Roché Henri-Pierre Roché (28 May 1879 – 9 April 1959) was a French author who was involved with the artistic avant-garde in Paris and the Dada movement. Late in life, Roché published two novels: his first was ''Jules et Jim'' (1953), a semi-autobiog ...
. Next he moved to
Mortagne-au-Perche Mortagne-au-Perche () is a commune in the Orne department in Normandy, north-western France. Heraldry Population People *Geoffrey II, Count of Perche and Mortagne, grandfather of Queen Margaret of L'Aigle. * Marie of Armagnac, duchess of ...
,
Normandy Normandy (; french: link=no, Normandie ; nrf, Normaundie, Nouormandie ; from Old French , plural of ''Normant'', originally from the word for "northman" in several Scandinavian languages) is a geographical and cultural region in Northwestern ...
. On his return to Paris in 1947 he lived with Roché, and he met Brâncuși and
Gurdjieff George Ivanovich Gurdjieff (; rus, Гео́ргий Ива́нович Гурджи́ев, r=Geórgy Ivánovich Gurdzhíev, p=ɡʲɪˈorɡʲɪj ɪˈvanəvʲɪd͡ʑ ɡʊrd͡ʐˈʐɨ(j)ɪf; hy, Գեորգի Իվանովիչ Գյուրջիև; c. 1 ...
. Over the next dozen years he became spiritual, practicing Eastern religions including
Taoism Taoism (, ) or Daoism () refers to either a school of philosophical thought (道家; ''daojia'') or to a religion (道教; ''daojiao''), both of which share ideas and concepts of Chinese origin and emphasize living in harmony with the '' Ta ...
. In 1954 Martin began his series of ''Demeures'' (Dwellings) for which he became well known. He received in 1966 the grand prize for sculpture in the 33rd
Venice Biennale The Venice Biennale (; it, La Biennale di Venezia) is an international cultural exhibition hosted annually in Venice, Italy by the Biennale Foundation. The biennale has been organised every year since 1895, which makes it the oldest of ...
. He was a professor and head of the sculpture department from 1968 to 1983 at the
École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts The Beaux-Arts de Paris is a French ''grande école'' whose primary mission is to provide high-level arts education and training. This is classical and historical School of Fine Arts in France. The art school, which is part of the Paris Scienc ...
in
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...
. He was elected 1971 to the
Académie des beaux-arts An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of secondary or tertiary higher learning (and generally also research or honorary membership). The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, ...
. In 1984 an exhibition bringing together all his ''Demeures'' was held at the
Pompidou Center The Centre Pompidou (), more fully the Centre national d'art et de culture Georges-Pompidou ( en, National Georges Pompidou Centre of Art and Culture), also known as the Pompidou Centre in English, is a complex building in the Beaubourg area of ...
in Paris. In 2010, June to September, a new exhibition at the Pompidou Center, paid respect to the artist by showing fifteen sculptures, drawing, personal notebooks, and photographs of his studio. He died on March 21, 1995 in Paris from cardiac arrest.


Works

His large abstract sculptures build on inspiriation of empty spaces delimited by volume. * ''Grand couple'', bronze, 1947, at the Fondation Pierre Gianadda,
Martigny Martigny (; german: Martinach, ; la, Octodurum) is the capital city of the district of Martigny, canton of Valais, Switzerland. It lies at an elevation of , and its population is approximately 15000 inhabitants (''Martignerains'' or "Octoduriens ...
, Switzerland * ''La nuit ouvrante'', bronze, 1948, in the
Museum of Grenoble The Museum of Grenoble (french: Musée de Grenoble) is a municipal museum of Fine Arts and antiquities in the city of Grenoble in the Isère region of France. Located on the left bank of the Isère River, place Lavalette, it is known both for it ...
* ''Tête aux mains'', bronze, 1950–1951, in the Musée de Dijon * ''Lanleff-Demeure No. 4'', bronze, 1961, Nathan Manilow Sculpture Park * ''Demeure 4'', 1961, at the Maison de la Culture d'
Amiens Amiens (English: or ; ; pcd, Anmien, or ) is a city and commune in northern France, located north of Paris and south-west of Lille. It is the capital of the Somme department in the region of Hauts-de-France. In 2021, the population of ...
* ''Le Manteau'', 1962, in the Pompidou Center, Paris. This was the first fabric in sculpture at this Museum and gained him wide recognition. * ''Trois Personnages'', 1967, at the Fondation de Coubertin, Saint-Rémy lès Chevreuse, Yvelines * ''Abécédaire'', 1967, in the Pompidou Center, Paris * ''Le Passage'', 1969, at the Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris * ''Le cerbère'', chestnut, 1977, in the Musée de Lyon * ''Mur miroir'', 1979, in the Pompidou Center, Paris * ''L'Escalier'', wood, metal, plexiglass, rope, paint, 1983 at the Musée de Valence * ''Le collier de la nuit; Les eaux souterraines du désir'', mixed media, 1985, in the Museum of Grenoble * ''La Ruine'', ''L'Athanor'', ''Demeure 1'' at the Bois Orcan in Noyal-sur-Vilaine, (
Ille-et-Vilaine Ille-et-Vilaine (; br, Il-ha-Gwilen) is a department of France, located in the region of Brittany in the northwest of the country. It is named after the two rivers of the Ille and the Vilaine. It had a population of 1,079,498 in 2019.
) * ''Demeure'' at the
Middelheim Open Air Sculpture Museum Middelheim Open Air Sculpture Museum (Dutch ''Beeldentuin Middelheim Museum'') is a sculpture park of 30 acres in the park part of the Middelheim Nachtegalen Park at Antwerp. The Middelheim Museum collection has approximately 400 works of art on di ...
, Antwerp


See also

* Élisabeth Cibot, a student


References


External links

* Photos of Étienne Martin by
Magnum Photos Magnum Photos is an international photographic cooperative owned by its photographer-members, with offices in New York City, Paris, London and Tokyo. It was founded in 1947 in Paris by photographers Robert Capa, David "Chim" Seymour, Maria Eisn ...
photographer
Martine Franck Martine Franck (2 April 1938 – 16 August 2012) was a British-Belgian documentary and portrait photographer. She was a member of Magnum Photos for over 32 years. Franck was the second wife of Henri Cartier-Bresson and co-founder and president ...
br>
* Works by Étienne Martin in Public places in Pari

* Works by Étienne Martin at the Pompidou Cente

* ''Personnage III'', 1967, at the Tuilerie

* Works by Étienne Martin at the Museum of outdoor sculptur

* Étienne Martin at the Parc Jouvet de Valenc

* Étienne Martin at the gallery Bernard Bouch

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Martin, Etienne 1995 deaths 1913 births Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery 20th-century French sculptors French male sculptors Commandeurs of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres