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KLF3
Krüppel-like factor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''KLF3'' gene. Structure KLF3, originally termed Basic Krüppel-like Factor (BKLF), was the third member of the Krüppel-like factor family of zinc finger transcription factors to be discovered. Transcription factors in this family bind DNA by virtue of 3 characteristic three C2H2 zinc fingers at their C-termini. Since their DNA-binding domains are highly conserved within the family, all KLF proteins recognize CACCC or CGCCC boxes of the general form NCR CRC CCN, (where N is any base and R is a purine). Function While the C-termini are similar in different KLFs, the N-termini vary and accordingly different KLFs can either activate or repress transcription or both. KLF3 appears to function predominantly as a repressor of transcription. It turns genes off. It does this by recruiting the C-terminal Binding Protein co-repressors CTBP1 and CTBP2. CtBP docks onto a short motif (residues 61-65) in the N-terminus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kruppel-like Factors
In molecular genetics, the Krüppel-like family of transcription factors (KLFs) are a set of eukaryotic C2H2 zinc finger DNA-binding proteins that regulate gene expression. This family has been expanded to also include the Sp transcription factor and related proteins, forming the Sp/KLF family. Members The following human genes encode Kruppel-like factors: KLF1, KLF2, KLF3, KLF4, KLF5, KLF6, KLF7, KLF8, KLF9, KLF10, KLF11, KLF12, KLF13, KLF14, KLF15, KLF16, KLF17 The following genes are Sp factors: Sp1, Sp2, Sp3, Sp4, Sp5, Sp6, Sp7, Sp8, and Sp9. Note that although KLF14 was an alias for Sp6 (), it now refers to a protein () derived from KLF16 by a retrotransposon event. Function and properties KLF/Sps are a family of transcription factors that contain three carboxyl-terminal (C-terminal) C2H2-type zinc finger structural motifs that bind to the GC-rich regions in DNA and regulate various cellular functions, such as proliferation, different ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
KLF8
Krueppel-like factor 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''KLF8'' gene. KLF8 belongs to the family of KLF protein. KLF8 is activated by KLF1 along with KLF3 while KLF3 represses KLF8. Interactions KLF8 has been shown to interact with CTBP2 C-terminal-binding protein 2 also known as CtBP2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CTBP2'' gene. Function The CtBPs - CtBP1 and CtBP2 in mammals - are among the best characterized transcriptional corepressors. They typically turn .... References Further reading * * * * * * * * External links * Transcription factors {{gene-X-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CTBP1
C-terminal-binding protein 1 also known as CtBP1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CTBP1'' gene. CtBP1 is one of two CtBP proteins, the other protein being CtBP2. Function The CtBP1 protein was originally identified as a human protein that bound a PLDLS motif in the C-terminus of adenovirus E1A proteins. It and the related protein CTBP2 were later shown to function as transcriptional corepressors. That is, regulatory proteins that bind to sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins and help turn genes off. CtBPs do this by recruiting histone modifying enzymes that add repressive histone marks and remove activating marks. CtBP proteins can also self-associate and presumably bring together gene regulatory complexes. CtBP1 is broadly expressed from embryo to adult, while CtBP2 has a somewhat more restricted pattern of expression. CtBPs have multiple biological roles and appear to be most important in regulating the epithelial to mesenchymal transition, as well as influencin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FHL3
Four and a half LIM domains protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''FHL3'' gene. LIM proteins are defined by the possession of a highly conserved double zinc finger motif called the LIM domain. upplied by OMIMref name="entrez"/> Function FHL3 plays a role in myogenesis and also stimulates the development of neural crest by enhancing BMP signaling.Intracellular enhancement of BMP signaling by LIM-domain protein FHL3 controls spatiotemporal emergence of the neural crest driven by WNT signaling Mansour Alkobtawi, Patrick Pla, Anne H. Monsoro-Burq bioRxiv 711192; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/711192 Interactions FHL3 has been shown to interact with: * CREB1, * CTBP2, * FHL2, * ITGA7 and * KLF3 Krüppel-like factor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''KLF3'' gene. Structure KLF3, originally termed Basic Krüppel-like Factor (BKLF), was the third member of the Krüppel-like factor family of zinc finger transcription fact .... References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CTBP2
C-terminal-binding protein 2 also known as CtBP2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CTBP2'' gene. Function The CtBPs - CtBP1 and CtBP2 in mammals - are among the best characterized transcriptional corepressors. They typically turn their target genes off. They do this by binding to sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins that carry a short motif of the general form Proline-Isoleucine-Aspartate-Leucine-Serine (the PIDLS motif). They then recruit histone modifying enzymes, histone deacetylases, histone methylases and histone demethylases. These enzymes are thought to work together to remove activating and add repressive histone marks. For example, histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and HDAC2 can remove the activating mark histone 3 acetyl lysine 9 (H3K9Ac), then the histone methylase G9a can add methyl groups, while the histone demethylase lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) can remove the activating mark H3K4me. The CtBPs bind to many different DNA-binding proteins and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Follicular B Cell
Within the immune system, Follicular B cells (FO B cells) are a type of B cell that reside in primary and secondary lymphoid follicles (containing germinal centers) of secondary and tertiary lymphoid organs, including spleen and lymph nodes. Antibody responses against proteins are believed to involve follicular B cell pathways in secondary lymphoid organs. Mature B cells from the spleen can be divided into two main populations: FO B cells, which constitute the majority, and marginal zone B-cells, lining outside the marginal sinus and bordering the red pulp. FO B cells express high levels of IgD, and CD23; lower levels of CD21 and IgM; and no CD1 or CD5, readily distinguishing this compartment from B1 B cells and marginal zone B-cells. FO B cells organize into the primary follicles of B cell zones focused around follicular dendritic cells in the white pulp of the spleen and the cortical areas of peripheral lymph nodes A lymph node, or lymph gland, is a kidney-shaped organ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marginal Zone
The marginal zone is the region at the interface between the non-lymphoid red pulp and the lymphoid white-pulp of the spleen. (Some sources consider it to be the part of red pulp which borders on the white pulp, while other sources consider it to be neither red pulp nor white pulp.) A marginal zone also exists in lymph nodes. Structure It is composed of cells derived primarily from the myeloid compartment of bone marrow differentiation. More recently, a population of neutrophil-killers has been described to populate peripheral areas of the marginal zone. At least three distinct cellular markers can be used to identify cells of the marginal zone, MOMA-1, ERTR-9 and MARCO. Blood flow The marginal zone (MZ) is a highly transited area that receives large amounts of blood from the general circulation. Remarkably, the splenic microvasculature shows striking differences in mice and humans. In humans, the spleen receives blood from the splenic artery, which branches into central an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spleen
The spleen is an organ found in almost all vertebrates. Similar in structure to a large lymph node, it acts primarily as a blood filter. The word spleen comes .σπλήν Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on Perseus Digital Library The spleen plays very important roles in regard to red blood cells (erythrocytes) and the . It removes old red blood cells and holds a reserve of blood, which can be valuable in case of [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FAM132A
Family with sequence similarity 132, member A also known as adipolin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FAM132A gene. Adipolin is an adipokine The adipokines, or adipocytokines (Greek ', fat; ', cell; and ', movement) are cytokines (cell signaling proteins) secreted by adipose tissue. Some contribute to an obesity-related low-grade state of inflammation or to the development of metabolic .... References Further reading * * * {{gene-1-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adipokine
The adipokines, or adipocytokines (Greek ', fat; ', cell; and ', movement) are cytokines (cell signaling proteins) secreted by adipose tissue. Some contribute to an obesity-related low-grade state of inflammation or to the development of metabolic syndrome, a constellation of diseases including, but not limited to, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. The first adipokine to be discovered was leptin in 1994. Since that time, hundreds of adipokines have been discovered. Members include: * Leptin * Adiponectin * Apelin * chemerin * interleukin-6 (IL-6) * monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) * plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) * retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) * tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) * visfatin * omentin * vaspin (SERPINA12) * progranulin * CTRP-4 Interleukin 8 (IL-8), interleukin 10 (IL-10), interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and inducible protein 10 (IP-10 or CXCL10) have been shown to be associated with excessive body weight. See als ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
