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Coast Guard Administration (Taiwan)
The Coast Guard Administration of the Ocean Affairs Council (CGA), also operating as the ROC Coast Guard, is charged with maintaining law and order; protecting the resources of the territorial waters of the Republic of China (Taiwan), which surround Geography of Taiwan, Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu Islands, Green Island, Taiwan, Green Island, Orchid Island, Pratas Island (Tungsha/Dongsha), and Nansha Islands; as well as providing a first line of defense along coastal areas against smugglers and illegal immigrants. The CGA is considered a civilian law enforcement agency under the administration of the Ocean Affairs Council of the Executive Yuan, though during emergencies it may be incorporated as part of the Republic of China Armed Forces. Organization The Coast Guard Administration is headed by one minister and three deputy ministers. The CGA includes eight departments, one office and five task forces, as well as a Maritime Patrol Directorate General and a Coastal Patrol Directo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Taiwanese Mandarin
Taiwanese Mandarin, frequently referred to as ''Guoyu'' () or ''Huayu'' (), is the variety of Mandarin Chinese spoken in Taiwan. A large majority of the Taiwanese population is fluent in Mandarin, though many also speak a variety of Min Chinese known as Taiwanese Hokkien, which has had a significant influence on the Mandarin spoken on the island. Mandarin was not a prevalent spoken language in Taiwan before the mid-20th century. Early Chinese immigrants who settled in Taiwan before Taiwan under Japanese rule, Japanese rule mainly spoke other varieties of Chinese languages, primarily Hakka language, Hakka and Hokkien. By contrast, Taiwanese indigenous peoples speak unrelated Austronesian languages. Japan Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1895), annexed Taiwan in 1895 and governed the island as a colony for the next 50 years, introducing Japanese language, Japanese in education, government, and public life. With the defeat of Imperial Japan in World War II, Taiwan was transferred to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Executive Yuan
The Executive Yuan () is the executive (government), executive branch of the government of the Republic of China (Taiwan). Under the Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China, amended constitution, the head of the Executive Yuan is the Premier of the Republic of China, Premier who is positioned as the head of government and has the power to appoint members to serve in the cabinet, while the president of the Republic of China, ROC President is the head of state under the semi-presidential system, who can appoint the Premier and nominate the members of the cabinet. The Premier may be removed by a vote of no-confidence by a majority of the Legislative Yuan, after which the President may either remove the Premier or dissolve the Legislative Yuan and initiate a new election for legislators. Organization and structure The Executive Yuan is headed by the Premier of the Republic of China, Premier (or President of the Executive Yuan) and includes its Vice Premi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
International Waters
The terms international waters or transboundary waters apply where any of the following types of bodies of water (or their drainage basins) transcend international boundaries: oceans, large marine ecosystems, enclosed or semi-enclosed regional seas and estuaries, rivers, lakes, groundwater systems (aquifers), and wetlands. "International waters" is not a defined term in international law. It is an informal term, which sometimes refers to waters beyond the "territorial sea" of any country. In other words, "international waters" is sometimes used as an informal synonym for the more formal term "high seas", which under the doctrine of ''mare liberum'' (Latin for "freedom of the seas"), do not belong to any state's jurisdiction. As such, states have the right to fishing, navigation, overflight, laying cables and pipelines, as well as scientific research. The Convention on the High Seas, signed in 1958, which has 63 signatories, defined "high seas" to mean "all parts of the sea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Monitoring Control And Surveillance
Monitoring, control and surveillance (MCS), in the context of fisheries, is defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations as a broadening of traditional enforcing national rules over fishing, to the support of the broader problem of fisheries management. Internationally, the basis of law for fisheries management comes from the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). Further definition was in the Declaration of Cancun This is complemented by the work of a variety of regional organizations that cover high seas fishing areas. A key concept in international fishing laws is that of the Exclusive Economic Zone, which extends 200 miles (370 km) from the coast of nations bordering on the oceans. EEZ is not a meaningful concept in relatively small seas such as the Mediterranean and Baltic, so those areas tend to have regional agreements for MCS of international waters within those seas. Components and related activities MCS has aspe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Exclusive Economic Zone
An exclusive economic zone (EEZ), as prescribed by the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, is an area of the sea in which a sovereign state has exclusive rights regarding the exploration and use of marine natural resource, resources, including energy production from water and wind. It stretches from the outer limit of the territorial sea (22.224 kilometres or 12 nautical miles from the baseline) out 370.4 kilometres (or 200 nautical miles) from the coast of the state in question. It is also referred to as a maritime continental margin and, in colloquial usage, may include the continental shelf. The term does not include either the Territorial waters#Territorial sea, territorial sea or the continental shelf beyond the 200 nautical mile limit. The difference between the territorial sea and the exclusive economic zone is that the first confers full sovereignty over the waters, whereas the second is merely a "sovereign right" which refers to the coastal state's righ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Contiguous Zone
Territorial waters are informally an area of water where a sovereign state has jurisdiction, including internal waters, the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone, and potentially the extended continental shelf (these components are sometimes collectively called the maritime zones). In a narrower sense, the term is often used as a synonym for the territorial sea. Vessels have different rights and duties when passing through each area defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), one of the most ratified treaties. States cannot exercise their jurisdiction in waters beyond the exclusive economic zone, which are known as the high seas. Baseline Normally, the baseline is the low-water line along the coast as marked on large-scale charts that the coastal state recognizes. This is either the low-water mark closest to the shore or an unlimited distance from permanently exposed land, provided that some portion of elevations ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Territorial Waters
Territorial waters are informally an area of water where a sovereign state has jurisdiction, including internal waters, the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone, and potentially the extended continental shelf (these components are sometimes collectively called the maritime zones). In a narrower sense, the term is often used as a synonym for the territorial sea. Vessels have different rights and duties when passing through each area defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), one of the most ratified treaties. States cannot exercise their jurisdiction in waters beyond the exclusive economic zone, which are known as the high seas. Baseline Normally, the baseline is the low-water line along the coast as marked on large-scale charts that the coastal state recognizes. This is either the low-water mark closest to the shore or an unlimited distance from permanently exposed land, provided that some portion of elevations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Decapitation Strike
Decapitation is a military strategy aimed at removing the leadership or command and control of a hostile government or group. In nuclear warfare In nuclear warfare theory, a decapitation strike is a pre-emptive first strike attack that aims to destabilize an opponent's military and civil leadership structure in the hope that it will severely degrade or destroy its capacity for nuclear retaliation. It is essentially a subset of a counterforce strike but whereas a counterforce strike seeks to destroy weapons directly, a decapitation strike is designed to remove an enemy's ability to use its weapons. Strategies against decapitation strikes include the following: * Distributed command and control structures. * Dispersal of political leadership and military leadership in times of tension. * Delegation of ICBM/SLBM launch capability to local commanders in the event of a decapitation strike. * Distributed and diverse launch mechanisms. A failed decapitation strike carries the ris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Han Kuang Exercises
The Han Kuang Exercise () is the annual military exercise of the Republic of China Armed Forces in Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu Islands, Matsu for combat readiness in the event of an attack from the People's Liberation Army of the People's Republic of China. Overview The exercise is divided into two phases, which are the ''Command Post Exercise'' (CPX) and the computer-simulated war gaming followed by ''Field Training Exercises'' (FTX). It is generally five days long. Since at least 2017 the exercise has been fully bilingual with both Mandarin and English being used. History 1984 The exercise was first held by Army General Hau Pei-tsun (the then Chief of the General Staff) on 23 April 1984. 2000 The 2000 exercise was held on August, focusing on Missile defense, anti-missile, anti-landing, anti-airborne landing and anti-Airstrike, air raid. 2001 The 2001 exercise was held from 26 March until 28 April. 2006 The 2006 exercise was held at the coastal area of Yilan County, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Thunder Squad
The Thunder Squad () are a local police tactical unit within the jurisdiction of Taiwan. History In 1984 Gen Wego Chiang Secretary General of the Taiwan National Security Bureau in conjunction with Wu Bwo Hsiung, Minister of the Interior, issued a National Directive calling for the formation of the national SWAT Command to combat heavily armed criminals and organized crime gangs. ROC Marine Corps Chief of Staff Lt General Lo Chang became commissioner of the National Police Agency, and established the SWAT Training Headquarters at the First Security Corps special training base under the guidance of the NPA Training Division to select the protocols and training processes.In 1985 American-Chinese Chris Mar was selected as first Chief Instructor. He developed the Comprehensive Applied Close Combat and together with police officer Chen Jia Yur established the CQC Instructors and Demo team to train the National Police Agency SWAT Teams and in the Long-Term Police Instructors Close C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Military Police Special Services Company
Republic of China Military Police Special Services Company (MPSSC; ; Code-named: ''Night Hawks'') is a special forces unit of the military police of the Republic of China (Taiwan). It was formed in 1978 and is stationed in Wugu, Taipei. Little is known about this unit, since information regarding it is classified by the Ministry of National Defense. According to the Taipei Times, the MPSSC has a standing collaboration with United States Army Special Forces, including regular joint exercises. They also have a standing invitation to the Pacific Area Special Operations Conference, hosted annually by Special Operations Command Pacific. History Following the 1972 Munich massacre and the success of Operation Entebbe in 1976, the Ministry of National Defense was ordered in December 1977 to begin training and preparation in order to form the MPSSC. In 2020 it was revealed that the MPSSC was providing counter-terrorism training for the special operations forces of an unnamed Middle E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Special Task Unit
The Special Task Unit (STU) is a police tactical unit of the Taiwan Coast Guard Administration (CGA) that specialized in air-sea rescue, apprehension of armed and dangerous criminals, law enforcement for maritime security, maritime counterterrorism and hostage rescue crisis management, tactical special operations, providing security at coast guard bases that are at risk of attack or terrorism, and VBSS operations. In 2010, the unit had 52 members distributed across five bases, all of whom were career security forces professionals. History Development of the STU began in 2000 and the unit was officially stood up in 2005 to address concerns about a rise in international terrorism. During the 36th annual Han Kuang exercises in 2020, the STU participated alongside special forces and special operations forces units from other branches in anti-decapitation drills. Training Certifications in amphibious operation tactics, close-quarters battle in tight spaces on various types of b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
