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Bokgeon
Fujin () is a type of ''guanmao'' (冠帽), a male traditional headgear generally made from a black fabric in China and Korea. The fujin is a form of hood made on one width of cloth, from which its Chinese name derived from. It was usually worn with Shenyi in the Ming Dynasty. The fujin was later adopted in Joseon where is became known as bokgeon () and became known as the 'hat of the Confucian scholars'. The fujin also influenced the development of other headwear such as the futou. China In China, the fujin was a popular form of headwear among all the different members of the social strata. It was especially popular amongst the Eastern Han dynasty scholar-bureaucrats. The fujin also later influenced the development of the futou. Korea According to the ''Random Expatiations of Oju'' written by Yi Gyu-gyeong in the 18th century'', "In the Chinese Han dynasty, many kings and the nobility admired the attire of scholars and considered wearing the bokgeon an elegant way of dres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanbok
The (; term used in South Korea), also called () n North Korea and China, is an umbrella term which is used to refer to traditional ethnic Korean clothes, including the traditional clothing of the (Korean Chinese), an officially recognized ethnic minority in China. The term literally means "Korean clothing". Due to the isolation from each other for about 50 years, the styles of in South Korea, North Korea, and China, worn by the Korean ethnics from these three countries have developed separately from each other. Since the 1990s, the South Korean-style and the North Korean-style have been looking more and more similar to each other. Similarly, since the Chinese economic reform of China, there have been more exchanges with both Koreas leading to both the development and changes in Korean-Chinese-style in China; some of designs of the Korean-Chinese-style have been influenced and inspired by both South-Korean and North Korean designs. Earliest visual depictions of can ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Han Dynasty
The Han dynasty (, ; ) was an imperial dynasty of China (202 BC – 9 AD, 25–220 AD), established by Liu Bang (Emperor Gao) and ruled by the House of Liu. The dynasty was preceded by the short-lived Qin dynasty (221–207 BC) and a warring interregnum known as the ChuHan contention (206–202 BC), and it was succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD). The dynasty was briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty (9–23 AD) established by usurping regent Wang Mang, and is thus separated into two periods—the Western Han (202 BC – 9 AD) and the Eastern Han (25–220 AD). Spanning over four centuries, the Han dynasty is considered a golden age in Chinese history, and it has influenced the identity of the Chinese civilization ever since. Modern China's majority ethnic group refers to themselves as the "Han people", the Sinitic language is known as "Han language", and the written Chinese is referred to as " Han characters". The emperor was at the pinnacle of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanfu
''Hanfu'' () is the traditional styles of clothing worn by the Han Chinese. There are several representative styles of ''hanfu'', such as the (an upper-body garment with a long outer skirt), the (an upper-body garment with a long underskirt), the and the , and the (an upper-body garment with ku trousers). Traditionally, ''hanfu'' consists of a ''paofu'' robe, or a ''ru'' jacket worn as the upper garment with a ''qun'' skirt commonly worn as the lower garment. In addition to clothing, hanfu also includes several forms of accessories, such as headwear, footwear, belts, jewellery, and handheld fans. Nowadays, the hanfu is gaining recognition as the traditional clothing of the Han ethnic group, and has experienced a growing fashion revival among young Han Chinese people in China and in the overseas Chinese diaspora. After the Han dynasty, ''hanfu'' developed into a variety of styles using fabrics that encompassed a number of complex textile production techniques, part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Futou
Futou (; also pronounced and written as ), also known as () and (), was one of the most important form of Chinese headwear in ancient China with a history of more than one-thousand years. The first appeared in Northern Zhou under the reign of Emperor Wu where it became prevalent. It was also commonly worn in the Tang and Song dynasties. The was typically worn by government officials. The was originally a turban-like headwear which was tied at the back of its wearer's head, the two corners would go to the opposite directions thus acting as decorations. From the Sui to the Ming dynasties, the evolved and was developed based on the . The eventually came to assume a variety of shapes and styles. The shape of the worn by the government officials in the Song and Ming dynasties was based on the of the Tang dynasty which was its precursor. The was also introduced in both Unified Silla and Balhae and continued to be worn by government officials until the late Joseon. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scholar-official
The scholar-officials, also known as literati, scholar-gentlemen or scholar-bureaucrats (), were government officials and prestigious scholars in Chinese society, forming a distinct social class. Scholar-officials were politicians and government officials appointed by the emperor of China to perform day-to-day political duties from the Han dynasty to the end of the Qing dynasty in 1912, China's last imperial dynasty. After the Sui dynasty these officials mostly came from the scholar-gentry (紳士 ''shēnshì'') who had earned academic degrees (such as ''xiucai'', ''juren'', or ''jinshi'') by passing the imperial examinations. Scholar-officials were the elite class of imperial China. They were highly educated, especially in literature and the arts, including calligraphy and Confucian texts. They dominated the government administration and local life of China until the early 20th century. Origins and formations Origins of ''Shi'' (士) and ''Da fu'' (大夫) as a concept and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hakchangui
The Hakchangui () is a traditional type of Korean clothes (hanbok 한복) used by scholars as school uniforms in the 17th-century and 18th-century. It was introduced from the Chinese hakchang during the Joseon period in the 17th and 18th century and gradually became popular. Although there is a lack of literature and conversational materials on Hakchangui. It is possible to find examples of students wearing school uniforms during the 17th and 18th centuries through literature and painting materials. Hakchangui was the clothing of the Taoists.Park, Sun Hee, and Na Young Hong. �A Study on Hakchangui, the Scholar’s Robe with Dark Trim.�� ''Journal of the Korean Society of Costume'', vol. 61, no. 2, Feb. 2011, pp. 60–71. Portraits and literature of Kim Seon, Kwon Seop, and Nam Do-jin confirmed that "Hakchangui" was also used as a clothing symbolizing scholars who escaped from power and lived a life of the world. This type of clothings can be traced to the joseon dyn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yi Gyu-gyeong
Yi Gyu-gyeong (Korean: 이규경; Hanja: 李圭景; 1788 – year of death unknown) was a Silhak scholar in the Joseon dynasty from the late 18th century to the mid-19th century who succeeded the accomplishments of Silhak and sought erudition. He was born in Jeonju and his courtesy name was Baekgyu (伯揆). His pen name is Oju (오주; 五洲) or So-un-geosa (소운거사; 嘯雲居士). His grandfather was Editor-Compiler Yi Deokmu (이덕무; 李德懋) and his father was Yi Gwanggyu (이광규; 李光葵). Yi dedicated his life to writing his own books and reading many books from Korea and China. He was deeply interested in studying astronomy, geography, history, literature, culture, religion, paintings, calligraphy, and customs while remaining out of public office. In particular, he published ''Oju yeonmun jangjeon sango'' (, Random Expatiations of Oju) which was received to be the best encyclopedia in the 19th century. Consistent with analysis and dialectics, his style ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Futou
Futou (; also pronounced and written as ), also known as () and (), was one of the most important form of Chinese headwear in ancient China with a history of more than one-thousand years. The first appeared in Northern Zhou under the reign of Emperor Wu where it became prevalent. It was also commonly worn in the Tang and Song dynasties. The was typically worn by government officials. The was originally a turban-like headwear which was tied at the back of its wearer's head, the two corners would go to the opposite directions thus acting as decorations. From the Sui to the Ming dynasties, the evolved and was developed based on the . The eventually came to assume a variety of shapes and styles. The shape of the worn by the government officials in the Song and Ming dynasties was based on the of the Tang dynasty which was its precursor. The was also introduced in both Unified Silla and Balhae and continued to be worn by government officials until the late Joseon. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tang Xianzu
Tang Xianzu (; September 24, 1550 – July 29, 1616), courtesy name Yireng (), was a Chinese playwright of the Ming Dynasty. Biography Tang was a native of Linchuan, Jiangxi and his career as an official consisted principally of low-level positions. He successfully participated in the provincial examinations ('' juren'') at the age of 21 and at the imperial examinations (''jinshi'') at the age of 34. He held official positions in Nanjing, Zhejiang province, Guangdong province etc. After serving as the magistrate of Suichang, Zhejiang from 1593 to 1598, he retired in 1598 and returned to his hometown where he focused on writing. Tang died in 1616, the same year as famed English playwright William Shakespeare. His major plays are collectively called the ''Four Dreams'', because of the decisive role dreams play in the plot of each one. All of them are still performed (in scenes, or in adapted full versions) on the Chinese Kun opera (kunqu) stage. Generally considered his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseon
Joseon (; ; Middle Korean: 됴ᇢ〯션〮 Dyǒw syéon or 됴ᇢ〯션〯 Dyǒw syěon), officially the Great Joseon (; ), was the last dynastic kingdom of Korea, lasting just over 500 years. It was founded by Yi Seong-gye in July 1392 and replaced by the Korean Empire in October 1897. The kingdom was founded following the aftermath of the overthrow of Goryeo in what is today the city of Kaesong. Early on, Korea was retitled and the capital was relocated to modern-day Seoul. The kingdom's northernmost borders were expanded to the natural boundaries at the rivers of Amrok and Tuman through the subjugation of the Jurchens. During its 500-year duration, Joseon encouraged the entrenchment of Confucian ideals and doctrines in Korean society. Neo-Confucianism was installed as the new state's ideology. Buddhism was accordingly discouraged, and occasionally the practitioners faced persecutions. Joseon consolidated its effective rule over the territory of current Korea and saw the he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ming Dynasty
The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last orthodox dynasty of China ruled by the Han people, the majority ethnic group in China. Although the primary capital of Beijing fell in 1644 to a rebellion led by Li Zicheng (who established the short-lived Shun dynasty), numerous rump regimes ruled by remnants of the Ming imperial family—collectively called the Southern Ming—survived until 1662. The Ming dynasty's founder, the Hongwu Emperor (r. 1368–1398), attempted to create a society of self-sufficient rural communities ordered in a rigid, immobile system that would guarantee and support a permanent class of soldiers for his dynasty: the empire's standing army exceeded one million troops and the navy's dockyards in Nanjing were the largest in the world. He also took great care breaking the power of the court eunuchs and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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