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Arctous
''Arctous'' is a genus of plants referred to by the common name "bearberry", a name sometimes shared with certain species of the related genus ''Arctostaphylos'', in particular, '' A. uva-ursi''. Although the two genera are related, certain characters, such as deciduous, marcescent leaves, rugose-reticulate venation, and finely-toothed leaves are more typical of ''Arctous'' than ''Arctostaphylos''. Species within the genus include the following: *''Arctous alpina ''Arctous alpina'' ( syn. ''Arctostaphylos alpina''), the alpine bearberry, mountain bearberry or black bearberry, is a dwarf shrub in the heather family Ericaceae. The basionym of this species is ''Arbutus alpina'' . Description ''Arctous alpi ...'' (L.) Nied. *'' Arctous microphyllus'' C.Y.Wu *'' Arctous rubra'' (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Nakai References Arbutoideae Ericaceae genera {{Ericaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arctous Rubra
''Arctous'' is a genus of plants referred to by the common name "bearberry", a name sometimes shared with certain species of the related genus ''Arctostaphylos'', in particular, '' A. uva-ursi''. Although the two genera are related, certain characters, such as deciduous, marcescent leaves, rugose-reticulate venation, and finely-toothed leaves are more typical of ''Arctous'' than ''Arctostaphylos''. Species within the genus include the following: *''Arctous alpina ''Arctous alpina'' ( syn. ''Arctostaphylos alpina''), the alpine bearberry, mountain bearberry or black bearberry, is a dwarf shrub in the heather family Ericaceae. The basionym of this species is ''Arbutus alpina'' . Description ''Arctous alp ...'' (L.) Nied. *'' Arctous microphyllus'' C.Y.Wu *'' Arctous rubra'' (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Nakai References Arbutoideae Ericaceae genera {{Ericaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arctous Microphyllus
''Arctous'' is a genus of plants referred to by the common name "bearberry", a name sometimes shared with certain species of the related genus ''Arctostaphylos'', in particular, '' A. uva-ursi''. Although the two genera are related, certain characters, such as deciduous, marcescent leaves, rugose-reticulate venation, and finely-toothed leaves are more typical of ''Arctous'' than ''Arctostaphylos''. Species within the genus include the following: *''Arctous alpina'' (L.) Nied. *'' Arctous microphyllus'' C.Y.Wu *''Arctous rubra ''Arctous'' is a genus of plants referred to by the common name "bearberry", a name sometimes shared with certain species of the related genus ''Arctostaphylos'', in particular, '' A. uva-ursi''. Although the two genera are related, certain chara ...'' (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Nakai References Arbutoideae Ericaceae genera {{Ericaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arctous Alpina
''Arctous alpina'' ( syn. ''Arctostaphylos alpina''), the alpine bearberry, mountain bearberry or black bearberry, is a dwarf shrub in the heather family Ericaceae. The basionym of this species is ''Arbutus alpina'' . Description ''Arctous alpina'' is a procumbent shrub usually less than high with a woody stem and straggling branches. The leaves are alternate and wither in the autumn but remain on the plant for another year. The leaves are stalked and are oval with serrated margins and a network of veins. They often turn red to scarlet in autumn. The flowers are in groups of two to five, white or pink and urn-shaped and about long. They have five sepals, five fused petals with five small projecting lobes, ten stamens and a single carpel. The fruits are spherical, long, initially green, then red and finally glossy black and succulent when ripe. This plant flowers in June. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arbutoideae
The Arbutoideae are a subfamily in the plant family Ericaceae. Phylogenetic analysis supported all genera of the subfamily as monophyletic, except ''Arbutus''. Moreover, it was suggested that the non-sister relationship between Mediterranean and North American species may be explained by a once widespread distribution in the Northern hemisphere before the Neogene. The genera ''Arbutus'', ''Arctostaphylos'', ''Comarostaphylis'' form a particular type of mycorrhizal symbiosis with the fungus, '' Arbutoid mycorrhiza'', which resembles ectomycorrhiza An ectomycorrhiza (from Greek ἐκτός ', "outside", μύκης ', "fungus", and ῥίζα ', "root"; pl. ectomycorrhizas or ectomycorrhizae, abbreviated EcM) is a form of symbiotic relationship that occurs between a fungal symbiont, or my ...s. Genera List References External links * Arbutoideae in the Flora of North America Asterid subfamilies {{Ericaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bearberry
Bearberries ( indigenous kinnickinnick) are three species of dwarf shrubs in the genus ''Arctostaphylos''. Unlike the other species of ''Arctostaphylos'' (see manzanita), they are adapted to Arctic and Subarctic climates, and have a circumpolar distribution in northern North America, Asia and Europe. Description Bearberries grow as low-lying bushes and these shrubs are green coloured year round. Furthermore, one can see from the images that they have a round shape to them as well. They are capable of surviving on soils predominantly composed of sand. In Canada, they are found in the Northern Latitude forests, and they can also be found growing on gravel surfaces. Species The name "bearberry" for the plant derives from the edible fruit which is a favorite food of bears. The fruit are edible and are sometimes gathered as food for humans. The leaves of the plant are used in herbal medicine.Pegg, Ronald B.; Rybarczyk, Anna and Amarowicz, Ryszard (2008"Chromatographic Separati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. '' Panthera leo'' (lion) and '' Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus '' Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. phylogenetic analysis should cl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arctostaphylos
''Arctostaphylos'' (; from "bear" and "bunch of grapes") is a genus of plants comprising the manzanitas () and bearberries. They are shrubs or small trees. There are about 60 species, of ''Arctostaphylos'', ranging from ground-hugging arctic, coastal, and mountain species to small trees up to 6 m tall. Most are evergreen (one species deciduous), with small oval leaves 1–7 cm long, arranged spirally on the stems. The flowers are bell-shaped, white or pale pink, and borne in small clusters of 2–20 together; flowering is in the spring. The fruit are small berries, ripening in the summer or autumn. The berries of some species are edible. ''Arctostaphylos'' species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including '' Coleophora arctostaphyli'' (which feeds exclusively on ''A. uva-ursi'') and '' Coleophora glaucella''. Distribution Manzanitas, the bulk of ''Arctostaphylos'' species, are present in the chaparral biome of western North Am ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arctostaphylos Uva-ursi
''Arctostaphylos uva-ursi'' is a plant species of the genus ''Arctostaphylos'' widely distributed across circumboreal regions of the subarctic Northern Hemisphere. Kinnikinnick ( First Nations for "smoking mixture") is a common name in Canada and the United States. Growing up to in height, the leaves are evergreen. The flowers are white to pink and the fruit is a red berry. One of several related species referred to as bearberry, its specific epithet ''uva-ursi'' means "grape of the bear" in Latin (), similar to the meaning of the generic epithet ''Arctostaphylos'' ( Greek for "bear grapes"). Description ''Arctostaphylos uva-ursi'' is a small procumbent woody groundcover shrub growing to high. Wild stands of the species can be dense, with heights rarely taller than . Erect branching twigs emerge from long flexible prostrate stems, which are produced by single roots. The trailing stems will layer, sending out small roots periodically. The finely textured velvety branches a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcescent
Marcescence is the withering and persistence of plant organs that normally are shed, and is a term most commonly applied to plant leaves. The underlying physiological mechanism is that trees transfer water and sap from the roots to the leaves through their vascular cells, but in some trees as autumn begins, the veins carrying the sap slowly close until a layer of cells called the abscission layer completely closes off the vein allowing the tree to rid itself of the leaf. Leaf marcescence is most often seen on juvenile plants and may disappear as the tree matures. It also may not affect the entire tree; sometimes leaves persist only on scattered branches. Marcescence is most obvious in deciduous trees that retain leaves through the winter. Trees that exhibit marcescence are known as "everciduous". Several trees normally have marcescent leaves such as oak (''Quercus''), beech (''Fagus'') and hornbeam (''Carpinus''), or marcescent stipules as in some but not all species of will ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venation (botany)
A leaf ( : leaves) is any of the principal appendages of a vascular plant stem, usually borne laterally aboveground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", while the leaves, stem, flower, and fruit collectively form the shoot system. In most leaves, the primary photosynthetic tissue is the palisade mesophyll and is located on the upper side of the blade or lamina of the leaf but in some species, including the mature foliage of ''Eucalyptus'', palisade mesophyll is present on both sides and the leaves are said to be isobilateral. Most leaves are flattened and have distinct upper (adaxial) and lower ( abaxial) surfaces that differ in color, hairiness, the number of stomata (pores that intake and output gases), the amount and structure of epicuticular wax and other features. Leaves are mostly green in color due to the presence of a compound called chlorophyll that is essential for photosynthesis as it absorbs lig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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