AD (''Anno Domini'') is a designation used to label years following 1 BC in the Julian and Gregorian calendars while Ad (advertisement) is a form of marketing communication. AD, A.D. or Ad may also refer to:

Art, entertainment, and media

Film and television

* ''A.D.'' (film), a 2010 animated zombie horror film * ''A.D.'' (miniseries), a 1985 television miniseries set in ancient Rome * '' A.D. The Bible Continues'', a 2015 biblical drama television miniseries * ''

Arrested Development The term "arrested development" has had multiple meanings for over 200 years. In the field of medicine, the term "arrested development" was first used, ''circa'' 1835–1836, to mean a stoppage of physical development; the term continues to be use ...

'', an American television sitcom

Music

AD (band) AD was a 1980s Christian rock band, featuring former Kansas members Kerry Livgren (guitar, keyboard, synthesizers, backing vocals) and Dave Hope ( bass), former Bloodrock member Warren Ham (lead vocals, saxophone, flute, harmonica), who had tou ...

, a Christian rock band * ''A.D.'' (album), by Solace

Publications

* '' A.D.: New Orleans After the Deluge'', a nonfiction graphic novel about Hurricane Katrina * ''

Algemeen Dagblad The ''Algemeen Dagblad'' () or ''AD'' () (English: "General Daily Paper") is a Dutch daily newspaper based in Rotterdam, Netherlands. History and profile ''Algemeen Dagblad'' was founded in 1946. The paper is published in tabloid format and is ...

'', a Dutch newspaper * ''

Architectural Digest ''Architectural Digest'' is an American monthly magazine founded in 1920. Its principal subjects are interior design and landscaping, rather than pure external architecture. The magazine is published by Condé Nast, which also publishes internati ...

,'' an interior design and landscaping magazine *

AD (poem) AD is a poem by the American poet Kenneth Fearing, written in 1938 and published in 1956 in ''New and Collected Poems'' by the Indiana University Press.Meyer, Michael. The Bedford Introduction to Literature. 11th ed., Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2016. ...

, by Kenneth Fearing

Other art, entertainment, and media

Audio description Audio description, also referred to as a video description, described video, or more precisely called a visual description, is a form of narration used to provide information surrounding key visual elements in a media work (such as a film or telev ...

track, a narration track for visually impaired consumers of visual media

Brands and enterprises

Alexander Dennis Alexander Dennis is a British bus manufacturing company based in Larbert, Scotland. The largest bus and coach manufacturer in the United Kingdom with a 50% market share in 2019, it has manufacturing plants and partnerships in Canada, China, ...

, a British bus manufacturer * ''Akcionersko društvo'' (aкционерско друштво), a Macedonian name for a type of company * ''Aktsionerno drujestvo'' (акционерно дружество), a Bulgarian name for a type of company * ''akcionarsko društvo'' (aкционарско друштво), a Serbian name for a type of company *

Analog Devices Analog Devices, Inc. (ADI), also known simply as Analog, is an American multinational semiconductor company specializing in data conversion, signal processing and power management technology, headquartered in Wilmington, Massachusetts. The co ...

, a semiconductor company

Military

Accidental discharge An unintentional discharge is the event of a firearm discharging (firing) at a time not intended by the user. An unintended discharge may be produced by an incompatibility between firearm design and usage, such as the phenomenon of cooking off a ...

, a mechanical failure of a firearm causing it to fire *

Active duty Active duty, in contrast to reserve duty, is a full-time occupation as part of a military force. In the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth of Nations, the equivalent term is active service. India The Indian Armed Forces are considered to be one ...

, a status of full duty or service, usually in the armed forces *

Air defense Anti-aircraft warfare, counter-air or air defence forces is the battlespace response to aerial warfare, defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action".AAP-6 It includes surface based, ...

, anti-aircraft weaponry and systems *

Air Department The Air Department of the British Admiralty later succeeded briefly by the Air Section followed by the Air Division was established prior to World War I by Winston Churchill to administer the Royal Naval Air Service. History In 1908, the Briti ...

, part of the British Admiralty *

Destroyer tender A destroyer tender or destroyer depot ship is a type of depot ship: an auxiliary ship designed to provide maintenance support to a flotilla of destroyers or other small warships. The use of this class has faded from its peak in the first half of ...

, a type of support ship (US Navy hull classification symbol AD) *

AD Skyraider The Douglas A-1 Skyraider (formerly known as the AD Skyraider) is an American single-seat attack aircraft in service from 1946 to the early 1980s. The Skyraider had an unusually long career, remaining in front-line service well into the Jet Age ...

, former name of the Douglas A-1 Skyraider, a Navy attack aircraft

Organizations

* Action Directe, French far-left militant group *

Democratic Action (Venezuela) Democratic Action ( es, Acción Democrática, AD) is a Venezuelan social democratic and centre-left political party established in 1941. The party played an important role in the early years of Venezuelan democracy, leading the government duri ...

(Spanish: ''Acción Democrática''), social democratic and center-left political party *

Democratic Alliance (Portugal) The Democratic Alliance ( pt, Aliança Democrática, AD) was a centre-right conservative political alliance, in Portugal, between the Social Democratic Party (PPD/PSD), the Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) and the People's Monarchist Party ...

(Portuguese: ''Aliança Democrática''), a former centre-right political alliance *

Democratic Alternative (Malta) Democratic Alternative ( mt, Alternattiva Demokratika), sometimes referred to as AD – The Green Party, was a green political party in Malta. The party was initially founded by a coalition of former Labour Party members and environmental acti ...

(Maltese: ''Alternattiva Demokratika''), a green political party

People

Ad (name) Ad is a first name. It is common in the Netherlands, where it is almost always short for Adrianus (given name), Adrianus or Adriaan (disambiguation), Adriaan. In America it can be short for Adolph, Adam (given name), Adam, Addison (disambiguation), ...

, a given name, and a list of people with the name * ‘Ad, great-grandson of Shem, son of Noah *

Anthony Davis Anthony Marshon Davis Jr. (born March 11, 1993) is an American professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He plays the power forward and center positions. Davis is an eight-time NB ...

(born 1993), American basketball player *

Antonio Davis Antonio Lee Davis (born October 31, 1968) is an American former professional basketball player who played for the Indiana Pacers, Toronto Raptors, Chicago Bulls, and New York Knicks of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He also played ...

(born 1968), American basketball player *

A. D. Loganathan Major General Arcot Doraiswamy Loganadan (12 April 1888 – 9 March 1949) was an officer of the Indian National Army, and a minister in the Azad Hind Government as a representative of the Indian National Army. He also served briefly as their ...

(1888–1949), officer of the Indian National Army * A. D. Whitfield (born 1943), American football player * A. D. Winans (born 1936), American poet, essayist, short story writer and publisher * A.D., nickname of

Adrian Peterson Adrian Lewis Peterson (born March 21, 1985) is an American football running back who is a free agent. He is widely considered to be one of the greatest running backs in football history. He played college football at Oklahoma, where he set the ...

(born 1985), American football player

Places

* AD, ISO 3166-1 country for

Andorra , image_flag = Flag of Andorra.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Andorra.svg , symbol_type = Coat of arms , national_motto = la, Virtus Unita Fortior, label=none (Latin)"United virtue is stro ...

Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi (, ; ar, أَبُو ظَبْيٍ ' ) is the capital and second-most populous city (after Dubai) of the United Arab Emirates. It is also the capital of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and the centre of the Abu Dhabi Metropolitan Area. ...

, capital of the United Arab Emirates * AD, herbarium code for the

State Herbarium of South Australia The State Herbarium of South Australia, sometimes called the South Australian Herbarium, and having the herbarium code, AD, is located in Adelaide, South Australia. It is one of several State and Commonwealth herbaria in Australia. The Depart ...

Professions

Art director Art director is the title for a variety of similar job functions in theater, advertising, marketing, publishing, fashion, film industry, film and television, the Internet, and video games. It is the charge of a sole art director to supervise and ...

, for a magazine or newspaper *

Assistant director The role of an assistant director on a film includes tracking daily progress against the filming production schedule, arranging logistics, preparing daily call sheets, checking cast and crew, and maintaining order on the set. They also have to tak ...

, a film or television crew member *

Athletic director An athletic director (commonly "athletics director" or "AD") is an administrator at many American clubs or institutions, such as colleges and universities, as well as in larger high schools and middle schools, who oversees the work of coaches and ...

, the administrator of an athletics program

Science and technology

Biology and medicine

Addison's disease Addison's disease, also known as primary adrenal insufficiency, is a rare long-term endocrine disorder characterized by inadequate production of the steroid hormones cortisol and aldosterone by the two outer layers of the cells of the adrenal ...

, an endocrine disorder *

Adenovirus Adenoviruses (members of the family ''Adenoviridae'') are medium-sized (90–100 nm), nonenveloped (without an outer lipid bilayer) viruses with an icosahedral nucleocapsid containing a double-stranded DNA genome. Their name derives from the ...

, viruses of the family ''Adenoviridae'' *

Alzheimer's disease Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegeneration, neurodegenerative disease that usually starts slowly and progressively worsens. It is the cause of 60–70% of cases of dementia. The most common early symptom is difficulty in short-term me ...

, a neurodegenerative disease *

Anaerobic digestion Anaerobic digestion is a sequence of processes by which microorganisms break down biodegradable material in the absence of oxygen. The process is used for industrial or domestic purposes to manage waste or to produce fuels. Much of the ferm ...

, processes by which microorganisms break down biodegradable material *

Anti-diarrheal An anti-diarrhoeal drug (or anti-diarrheal drug in American English) is any medication which provides symptomatic relief for diarrhoea. Types * Electrolyte solutions, while not true antidiarrhoeals, are used to replace lost fluids and salts in ac ...

, medication which provides symptomatic relief for diarrhea *

Approximate digestibility The efficiency of conversion of ingested food to unit of body substance (ECI, also termed "growth efficiency") is an index measure of food fuel efficiency in animals. The ECI is a rough scale of how much of the food ingestion, ingested is converted ...

, an index measure of the digestibility of animal feed *

Atopic dermatitis Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as atopic eczema, is a long-term type of inflammation of the skin (dermatitis). It results in puritis, itchy, red, swollen, and cracked skin. Clear fluid may come from the affected areas, which often thickens o ...

, form of skin inflammation *

Atypical depression Atypical depression is defined in the ''DSM IV'' as depression that shares many of the typical symptoms of major depressive disorder or dysthymia but is characterized by improved mood in response to positive events. In contrast to those with at ...

, a type of depression *

Autosomal dominant In genetics, dominance is the phenomenon of one variant (allele) of a gene on a chromosome masking or overriding the effect of a different variant of the same gene on the other copy of the chromosome. The first variant is termed dominant and t ...

, a classification of genetic traits *

Autonomic dysreflexia Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is a potential medical emergency classically characterized by uncontrolled hypertension and bradycardia, although tachycardia is known to commonly occur. AD occurs most often in individuals with spinal cord injuries with ...

, a potential medical emergency

Chemistry

Adamantyl Adamantane is an organic compound with a formula C10H16 or, more descriptively, (CH)4(CH2)6. Adamantane molecules can be described as the fusion of three cyclohexane rings. The molecule is both rigid and virtually stress-free. Adamantane is the m ...

, abbreviated "Ad" in organic chemistry *

Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation (also called the Sharpless bishydroxylation) is the chemical reaction of an alkene with osmium tetroxide in the presence of a chiral quinine ligand to form a vicinal diol. The reaction has been applied to alk ...

, a type of organic chemical reaction

Computing

.ad .ad is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Andorra. It is administered by Andorra Telecom. Because .ad is also an abbreviation for the word advertisement or advert, .ad has also been used in an unconventional manner as a do ...

, the top level domain for Andorra *

Administrative distance Administrative distance (AD) or route preference is a number of arbitrary unit assigned to dynamic routes, static routes and directly-connected routes. The value is used in routers to rank routes from most preferred (low AD value) to least pref ...

, a metric in routing *

Active Directory Active Directory (AD) is a directory service developed by Microsoft for Windows domain networks. It is included in most Windows Server operating systems as a set of processes and services. Initially, Active Directory was used only for centralize ...

, software for the management of Microsoft Windows domains *

Administrative domain An administrative domain is a service provider holding a security repository permitting to easily authenticate and authorize clients with credentials. This particularly applies to computer network security. This concept is captured by the 'AdminD ...

, a computer networking facility *

Analog-to-digital converter In electronics, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC, A/D, or A-to-D) is a system that converts an analog signal, such as a sound picked up by a microphone or light entering a digital camera, into a digital signal. An ADC may also provide ...

, a type of electronic circuit *

Automatic differentiation In mathematics and computer algebra, automatic differentiation (AD), also called algorithmic differentiation, computational differentiation, auto-differentiation, or simply autodiff, is a set of techniques to evaluate the derivative of a function ...

, a set of computer programming techniques to speedily compute derivatives * AD₁₆, the hexadecimal number equal to decimal number

173 Year 173 ( CLXXIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Severus and Pompeianus (or, less frequently, year 926 ''Ab urbe ...

Mathematics

Adjoint representation In mathematics, the adjoint representation (or adjoint action) of a Lie group ''G'' is a way of representing the elements of the group as linear transformations of the group's Lie algebra, considered as a vector space. For example, if ''G'' is GL(n ...

of a Lie group, abbreviated "Ad" in mathematics *

Axiom of determinacy In mathematics, the axiom of determinacy (abbreviated as AD) is a possible axiom for set theory introduced by Jan Mycielski and Hugo Steinhaus in 1962. It refers to certain two-person topological games of length ω. AD states that every game of ...

, a set theory axiom

Physics

Antiproton Decelerator The Antiproton Decelerator (AD) is a storage ring at the CERN laboratory near Geneva. It was built from the Antiproton Collector (AC) to be a successor to the Low Energy Antiproton Ring (LEAR) and started operation in the year 2000. Antiprotons ...

, a device at the CERN physics laboratory *

Autodynamics Autodynamics was a physics theory proposed by Ricardo Carezani (1921–2016) in the early 1940s as a replacement for Einstein's theories of special relativity and general relativity. Autodynamics never gained status as a viable alternative model ...

, a physics theory

Other uses in science and technology

Active Disassembly Active Disassembly (AD) is a developing technology which is associated with the term Active Disassembly using Smart Materials (ADSM) Outline Smart materials such as shape memory alloys (SMA) are now offering the possibility of allowing complex i ...

, a technology supporting the cost-effective deconstruction of complex materials

Transportation

* AD, IATA code for: ** Air Paradise, a defunct Indonesian airline **

Azul Brazilian Airlines Azul Linhas Aéreas Brasileiras S/A (''Azul Brazilian Airlines''; or simply Azul) is a Brazilian carrier based in Barueri, a suburb of São Paulo. The company's business model is to stimulate demand by providing frequent and affordable air serv ...

Airworthiness Directive An Airworthiness Directive (commonly abbreviated as AD) is a notification to owners and operators of certified aircraft that a known safety deficiency with a particular model of aircraft, engine, avionics or other system exists and must be correct ...

, an aircraft maintenance requirement notice

Other uses

ʿĀd ʿĀd ( ar, عَادٌ, ') is an ancient tribe mentioned frequently in the Qurʾān. The tribe's members, referred to as ʿĀdites, formed a prosperous nation until they were destroyed in a violent storm. According to Islamic tradition, the st ...

, an ancient Arab tribe, mentioned in the Quran *

Aggregate demand In macroeconomics, aggregate demand (AD) or domestic final demand (DFD) is the total demand for final goods and services in an economy at a given time. It is often called effective demand, though at other times this term is distinguished. This is ...

, in macroeconomics *

Anno Diocletiani The Era of the Martyrs ( la, anno martyrum), also known as the ''Diocletian era'' ( la, anno Diocletiani), is a method of numbering years used by the Church of Alexandria beginning in the 4th century AD/CE and by the Coptic Orthodox Church of ...

, an alternative year numbering system *

United States Academic Decathlon The Academic Decathlon (also called AcDec, AcaDeca or AcaDec) is an annual high school academic competition organized by the non-profit United States Academic Decathlon (USAD). The competition consists of seven objective multiple choice tests, tw ...

, a high school academic competition