Early life
Rhazoui was born on 19 January 1982 inCareer
After graduating, Rhazoui worked for a semester as a teaching assistant at Cairo University. At the library she read early Islamic writings, which she found to be more thoughtful and open to critical analysis than modern Islam. She wrote a master's degree on Muslims in Morocco who convert to Christianity. She later said that she "wanted to understand how they first could put out the enormous intellectual effort that it takes to escape from one form of brainwashing, only to voluntarily join another religion." Rhazoui began her career as a journalist in Morocco working for a weekly paper that was shut down by the regime in 2010. She published a number of articles about religious minorities in the journal '' Le Journal Hebdomadaire'', which was banned by the Moroccan government in 2010. She is the founder of several organizations, including the pro-democracy, pro-secularism movement MALI, which she co-founded with Ibtissam Lachgar in August 2009. She was arrested three times by the Moroccan government for criticizing it. One of the crimes for which she was arrested was at a protest picnic in 2009, which then involved her eating lunch in a public park in defiance of the Islamic holy month of''Charlie Hebdo''
In 2011, during the Arab Spring, ''Charlie Hebdo'' asked to interview her about her participation in the struggles in Morocco. At a lunch, editors''Charlie Hebdo'' massacre
On 7 January 2015, Rhazoui was at her home in Casablanca, Morocco, having had her Christmas holiday extended. She sent an article about ISIS's views of women to her editor at ''Charlie Hebdo'' and then went back to bed. Two hours later she was awoken by her ringing phone. It was a friend telling her about the massacre at the magazine's offices. During the next few hours, she would learn that twelve of her friends and colleagues had been murdered. She later told ''Aftenposten'' that she believed herself to have been one of the terrorists' main targets. She said: "Those of us who are alive are alive only because of small coincidences." In a 9 January article for ''Le Monde'', she recalled her massacred colleagues and praised ''Charlie Hebdo'' as an "edgy newspaper" but one that "never takes itself seriously." She stated that "''Charlie'' has never been a newspaper like any other" and that her colleagues had been murdered "because we dared to deride Islam." A meeting room once "accustomed to jokes and laughter" had become the site of a "bloodbath." Charb, she remembered, was always worried about the newspaper dying but "cared little about his own death, he who had been under police protection since 2012." Addressing him, she said: "If you had been here, my Charb, if only you could have seen the place de la République, packed with people, people in tears wearing your portrait in a monastic silence." She contributed to Charlie Hebdo issue No. 1178, which was published the week after the killings.Post-massacre
After the massacre, extensive security routines became a part of Rhazoui's life. She avoids eating at restaurants or taking the train.Those who defend the violence gainst ''Charlie Hebdo''or who think we've all but asked for it ourselves," she has said, "I place...in the same category as the Islamists. Many of those on the left, in several countries, are so scared of being accused of racism or Islamophobia that they accept oppression and abuse of women and children, 'among the others.' They don't dare get involved. I think that's exactly what racism is – approving differential treatment.In January 2015 she toured Quebec for a fund-raiser for ''Charlie Hebdo'', and also spoke about Islam and freedom. "Secularism as far as I know, is the only way to permit everyone to live in the same society, even if people are different," she stated, adding that Islam "needs to submit to secularism and it also needs to get a sense of humour." In February 2015 she received death threats via Twitter that she described as "a fatwa 2.0." Several people online have written that it is their "obligation" to find her and kill her in order to avenge the prophet. Her husband has also been targeted with backlash as a result. In that month, thousands of supporters of the ISIS jihadist group called for lone-wolf terrorists to target el-Rhazoui. They tweeted under a hashtag translated as #MustKillZinebElRhazouiInRetaliationForTheProphet and posted her personal details, pictures of her husband and sister, and a map showing places she had visited, along with photographs of ISIS beheadings. In addition, reward money has been offered for information on her or her husband's residence or workplace. In March 2015, she gave a talk about the freedom of expression at the University of Chicago Law School in Chicago. Her visit to Chicago, sponsored by the university's French Club, marked the first time a ''Charlie Hebdo'' journalist had spoken in the United States since the attack. She was profiled on April 2, 2015, in a long article in the Norwegian newspaper '' Aftenposten''. In April 2015, she moved from Casablanca to Paris. On September 10, 2016, Rhazoui announced her intention to quit ''Charlie Hebdo'' during an interview on Web7Radio. According to her, the magazine is "under full police surveillance" and not the same as it used to be prior to the massacre. She formalized her departure on January 3, and criticized the magazine three days later, on the eve of the massacre's second anniversary, for following the "editorial line demanded by Islamists" and for no longer being motivated to draw Muhammad. She became the subject of a documentary titled ''Rien n'est pardonné'' ("Nothing is Forgiven"), directed by Vincent Coen and Guillaume Vandenberghe and co-produced by Belgium's Francophone
Views
In her controversial book ''Destroy Islamic Fascism'' (2016), she states that "those that think that Islam has nothing to do with terrorism are ignorant". In November 2019, on a televised broadcast on CNews, she triggered a polemic, by saying during a debate on urban violence: "The police must shoot real bullets in these cases." After the debate she explained on Twitter that the law allows police officers to shoot people when threatened with death or serious injury, and that she hasn't called for shooting at protesters who don't pose a threat. One of the texts in which she has most thoroughly set forth her views on Islam, the concept of anti-Muslim racism, Western attitudes toward Islam, and related issues was a response to a harsh December 2013 critique by Olivier Cyran of her work for ''Charlie Hebdo''. Rhazoui rejected Cyran's charge that she is an anti-Muslim "racist," and that she "contracted this dangerous syndrome from the editorial staff of ''Charlie Hebdo''." The operating premise underlying this charge, she stated, was "that the Muslims of Azerbaijan, ofThose are the ones who, given the reality of French laïcité, have no other choice than to cry racism, a tear in their eye and a hand on their heart, on the pretext that their "religious feelings" have been mocked by a drawing in Charlie. Among them you will find many who stand for laïcité in France but vote Ennahda in Tunisia, who do their shopping at a Parisian halal butcher but would cry scandal if an eccentric decided to open a charcuterie in Jeddah. Who are outraged when a day care center fires a veiled employee but say nothing when someone they know forces his daughter to wear the veil. They are a minority. But they are the standard to which you have chosen to align the identity of all of us.She further claimed that Cyran, in condemning her work as racist, had in fact omitted to give her name, indicating either that he did not "want to let ''Charlie Hebdo''’s detractors (who can only subscribe to your thinking if they never read the paper) know that the author of these racist ravings belongs precisely to the Muslim 'race,' or you simply didn’t think that, as a person, I was worth naming, since in a fascist rag like ''Charlie'' I couldn’t be anything but the house Arab." She concluded that the notion of someone named "Zineb who spits on Islam" was "beyond" Cyran. For him, she stated, "a 'white person' who spits on Christianity is anticlerical, but an Arab who spits on Islam is alienated, an alibi, a house Arab, an incoherence that one would prefer not even to name." This, in her opinion, suggested that in Cyran's view "people of my race, and myself, are congenitally sealed off from the ubiquitous ideas of atheism and anticlericalism," or, perhaps, that "unlike other peoples, our identity is solely structured by religion." Noting that Moroccan laws "do not grant me a quarter of the rights you acquired at birth," and that if she were raped "the websites that posted your article will definitely say I was asking for it because I don’t respect Islam," she observed that Cyran himself had implicitly endorsed all of this by embracing the "whole moralizing discourse about how one must 'respect Islam,' as demanded by the Islamists, who do not ask whether Islam respects other religions, or other people. Why the hell should I respect Islam? Does it respect me? The day Islam shows the slightest bit of consideration to women, first of all, and secondly toward free-thinkers, I promise you I will rethink my positions."
See also
*References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rhazoui, Zineb 1982 births 21st-century French journalists Charlie Hebdo people Former Muslim critics of Islam French atheism activists Former Muslims turned agnostics or atheists French columnists French feminist writers French former Muslims French women journalists French people of Moroccan-Berber descent Living people Moroccan atheists Moroccan emigrants to France Moroccan feminists Moroccan former Muslims Moroccan human rights activists Moroccan secularists Paris-Sorbonne University alumni People from Casablanca Journalists from Paris French critics of Islam French women columnists Moroccan columnists Moroccan women columnists