Zhang Yunshen () (785'' Old Book of Tang'', vol. 180. – March 8, 872Chinese-Western Calendar Converter
, Academia Sinica .''

Zizhi Tongjian ''Zizhi Tongjian'' () is a pioneering reference work in Chinese historiography, published in 1084 AD during the Northern Song (960–1127), Northern Song dynasty in the form of a chronicle recording Chinese history from 403 BC to 959&n ...

'', vol. 252.),

courtesy name A courtesy name (), also known as a style name, is a name bestowed upon one at adulthood in addition to one's given name. This practice is a tradition in the East Asian cultural sphere, including China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam.Ulrich Theob ...

Fengchang (), formally Duke Zhonglie of Yan (), was a general of the

Chinese Chinese can refer to: * Something related to China * Chinese people, people of Chinese nationality, citizenship, and/or ethnicity **''Zhonghua minzu'', the supra-ethnic concept of the Chinese nation ** List of ethnic groups in China, people of ...

Tang dynasty The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, t= ), or Tang Empire, was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907 AD, with an interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdom ...

who ruled Lulong Circuit (), headquartered in modern

Beijing } Beijing ( ; ; ), alternatively romanized as Peking ( ), is the capital of the People's Republic of China. It is the center of power and development of the country. Beijing is the world's most populous national capital city, with over 21 ...

in ''de facto'' independence from the imperial government.

Background

Zhang Yunshen was born in 785, during the reign of Emperor Dezong. He was from Fanyang, and his male-line ancestors, including his great-grandfather Zhang Xiu (), grandfather Zhang Yan (), and father Zhang Chaoye (), all served as officers in the Lulong army. Zhang Yunshen himself also served as an officer in the Lulong army. In 850, when the military governor Zhou Lin died, the soldiers supported Zhang Yunshen to succeed Zhou, and then-reigning Emperor Xuānzong (a great-grandson of Emperor Dezong's) approved, first making Zhang acting military governor, and then full military governor later in the year.''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 249.

As military governor

In 859, shortly after Emperor Xuānzong died and was succeeded by his son Emperor Yizong, Emperor Yizong bestowed on Zhang Yunshen the honorific chancellor title of ''Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi'' (). In 868, he was created the Duke of Yan. In 869, when the imperial government was facing a major rebellion led by

Pang Xun Pang Xun (龐勛) (died October 14, 869Academia Sinicabr>Chinese-Western Calendar Converter.'' Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 251.) was the leader of a major rebellion, by soldiers from Xu Prefecture (徐州, in modern Xuzhou, Jiangsu), against the rule o ...

at Xu Prefecture (徐州, in modern

Xuzhou Xuzhou (徐州), also known as Pengcheng (彭城) in ancient times, is a major city in northwestern Jiangsu province, China. The city, with a recorded population of 9,083,790 at the 2020 census (3,135,660 of which lived in the built-up area ma ...

Jiangsu Jiangsu (; ; pinyin: Jiāngsū, alternatively romanized as Kiangsu or Chiangsu) is an eastern coastal province of the People's Republic of China. It is one of the leading provinces in finance, education, technology, and tourism, with its ca ...

), Zhang offered to have his brother Zhang Yungao () command an army to assist the imperial operations. When Emperor Yizong declined the assistance, Zhang Yunshen submitted a tribute of rice and salt to supply the troops, and Emperor Yizong issued an edict praising him for doing so. In 870, Emperor Yizong further bestowed the greater honorific chancellor title of ''Shizhong'' () on Zhang. In 872, Zhang suffered a stroke, and he submitted a petition to yield his responsibilities so that he could attend to his medical condition. Emperor Yizong agreed and made his son Zhang Jianhui the acting military governor. Soon thereafter, Zhang Yunshen died. It was said that in his 22-year-term as military governor, Zhang was diligent and frugal, and the circuit was peaceful and did not lack anything. Most of his 14 sons later served in various Tang military offices as well.

References

* '' Old Book of Tang'', vol. 180. * '' New Book of Tang'', vol. 212. * ''

'', vols.

249 __NOTOC__ Year 249 ( CCXLIX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Gavius and Aquilinus (or, less frequently, year 1002 ''Ab ...

252 Year 252 ( CCLII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Trebonianus and Volusianus (or, less frequently, year 1005 '' Ab urb ...

. {{DEFAULTSORT:Zhang, Yunshen 785 births 872 deaths Tang dynasty jiedushi of Lulong Circuit Tang dynasty generals from Beijing