Zaur (village)

Zaur or Zaurovo; russian: Заур, Заурово was an Ingush village that existed in the 18th–19th centuries on the right bank of the Terek River and in the Tarskoye Valley.

According to most sources, the fortress Vladikavkaz was founded on its territory in 1784, while according to other sources, Vladikavkaz was built near Zaur.

Etymology

The Ingush name of the village, ''Zovr-Kov'', translates as "the yard/settlement of Zaur". According to Russian historian , the village was known by the Armenians as ''Zura'', by the Byzantines as ''Tzur'', and by Arab writers as ''Suariag'' and ''Saul''.

History

Foundation

Based on the analysis of maps of 19th century, historian and caucasologist concluded that the village was founded in the period of 1730s to 1760s, the same time that Ingush migrations to the right bank of Terek River accured.

Reportedly, the village was built by Zaur, a representative from either the branch of the Thargimkhoy clan ('' teip'') or the Dolgiyev branch of the Thumkhoy clan.

Later history

The Russian authorities felt the need to establish reliable communication routes with the territory of Georgia. Hence why, on May of 1784, 4 versts away from the village of Zaur, the was founded. At that time, there were 30 households in the village.

The Ingush, who had their villages often attacked by Kabardian and Kumyk well-armed and numerous squads, needed the help of the Vladikavkaz's Garrison troops. At the first call for help, the Ingush also appeared under the walls of the fortress. Getta, the foreman of Zaur, was among the Ingush as attested by the Vladikavkaz's commandant's reports and other documents. Getta owned the single Ingush tower of the village.

The village was an important center of the Ingush and served as one of the meeting places for the ( 'Country's court').

Modern localization

Zaur was located in the modern day city of Vladikavkaz.

Notes

References

Bibliography

English sources

Russian sources

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* {{Cite book, author=Штедер, year=2010, orig-date=1781, chapter=Дневник путешествия в 1781 году от пограничной крепости Моздок во внутренние области Кавказа, trans-chapter=Diary of a journey in 1781 from the border fortress of Mozdok to the interior regions of the Caucasus, url=https://m.vk.com/doc91549351_373999845?hash=CorShZcNBTlUjCidPRKJD63zK0pF5DaVg0Rk8aeuRC8, title=Кавказ: Европейские дневники XIII—XVIII веков, trans-title=Caucasus: European Diaries of the 13th-18th Centuries, language=ru, translator-last=Аталиков, translator-first=В., location=Нальчик, publisher=Изд-во М. и В. Котляровых, pages=155–171

History of Ingushetia
Vladikavkaz