Yergeni (russian: Ергени; xal, Ergnin җirn zurһan shiir) is a hilly area in
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
. It is located in the southern corner of the
East European Plain
The East European Plain (also called the Russian Plain, "Extending from eastern Poland through the entire European Russia to the Ural Mountaina, the ''East European Plain'' encompasses all of the Baltic states and Belarus, nearly all of Ukraine, a ...
, mostly in
Kalmykia
he official languages of the Republic of Kalmykia are the Kalmyk and Russian languages./ref>
, official_lang_list= Kalmyk
, official_lang_ref=Steppe Code (Constitution) of the Republic of Kalmykia, Article 17: he official languages of the ...
, with parts in
Volgograd Oblast
Volgograd Oblast (russian: Волгогра́дская о́бласть, ''Volgogradskaya oblast'') is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject (an oblast) of Russia, located in the Volga region, Volga region of Southern Russia. Its adminis ...
and
Rostov Oblast
Rostov Oblast ( rus, Росто́вская о́бласть, r=Rostovskaya oblast, p=rɐˈstofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the Southern Federal District. The oblast has an area of and a populati ...
. The highest point of Kalmykia, high
Shared
Shared may refer to:
* Sharing
* Shared ancestry or Common descent
* Shared care
* Shared-cost service
* Shared decision-making in medicine
* Shared delusion (disambiguation), Shared delusion, various meanings
* Shared government
* Shared intellig ...
, is located in the Yergeni hills.
In Kalmykia the hills stretch from
Sarpinsky District
Sarpinsky District (russian: Сарпи́нский райо́н; xal-RU, Сарпан район, ''Sarpan rayon'') is an administrativeDecree #137 and municipalLaw #308-IV-Z district (raion), one of the thirteen in the Republic of Kalmykia, Rus ...
to the north to
Iki-Burulsky District
Iki-Burulsky District (russian: И́ки-Буру́льский райо́н; xal-RU, Ик Буурла район, ''İk Buurla rayon'', ) is an administrativeDecree #137 and municipalLaw #308-IV-Z district (raion), one of the thirteen in the Re ...
in the south.
History
A thorough topographic survey of the Yergeni was carried out in 1860-61 by Russian topographer
Ivan Krizhin
Ivan () is a Slavic male given name, connected with the variant of the Greek name (English: John) from Hebrew meaning 'God is gracious'. It is associated worldwide with Slavic countries. The earliest person known to bear the name was Bulgari ...
, who drew the first maps of the area.
The
Volga-Don Canal was built across the northern part of the hill area in 1952.
Geography
The Yergeni area forms the
watershed between the
Azov
Azov (russian: Азов), previously known as Azak,
is a town in Rostov Oblast, Russia, situated on the Don River just from the Sea of Azov, which derives its name from the town. Population:
History
Early settlements in the vicinity
The mo ...
and the
Caspian Caspian can refer to:
*The Caspian Sea
*The Caspian Depression, surrounding the northern part of the Caspian Sea
*The Caspians, the ancient people living near the Caspian Sea
*Caspian languages, collection of languages and dialects of Caspian peopl ...
seas. The hills lie to the west of the lower course of the
Volga
The Volga (; russian: Во́лга, a=Ru-Волга.ogg, p=ˈvoɫɡə) is the List of rivers of Europe#Rivers of Europe by length, longest river in Europe. Situated in Russia, it flows through Central Russia to Southern Russia and into the Cas ...
, between
Volgograd
Volgograd ( rus, Волгогра́д, a=ru-Volgograd.ogg, p=vəɫɡɐˈɡrat), geographical renaming, formerly Tsaritsyn (russian: Цари́цын, Tsarítsyn, label=none; ) (1589–1925), and Stalingrad (russian: Сталингра́д, Stal ...
to the north and the
Manych Depression to the south. The eastern slopes rise abruptly from the
Caspian Lowland
The Caspian Depression ( kk, Каспий маңы ойпаты, ''Kaspıı mańy oıpaty''; rus, Прикаспи́йская ни́зменность, p=prʲɪkɐˈspʲijskəjə ˈnʲizmʲɪnnəsʲtʲ, Caspian Lowland) or Pricaspian/Peri-Casp ...
dissected by numerous ravines, with up to to high escarpments. The western slope, on the other hand, gradually descends to the
Don
Don, don or DON and variants may refer to:
Places
*County Donegal, Ireland, Chapman code DON
*Don (river), a river in European Russia
*Don River (disambiguation), several other rivers with the name
*Don, Benin, a town in Benin
*Don, Dang, a vill ...
valley. The average elevation of the hills is about .
The
Sal, a left tributary of the Don, us the main river having its sources in the hills.
Flora and fauna
The climate is
semi-desert and the hills are mostly covered with grasses and shrubs, including
feather grass,
Volga fescue
''Festuca valesiaca'', the Volga fescue, is a species of flowering plant in the family Poaceae. It is native to Europe and Asia. It was introduced to North America when it was deliberately planted.Darbyshire, S. J. and L. E. Pavlick. (2007)''Fes ...
,
wormwood and
saltwort Saltwort is a common name for various genera of flowering plants that thrive in salty environments, typically in coastal salt marshes and seashores, including:
:*''Salsola'' and related genera within subfamily ''Salsoloideae''
:*''Salicornia''
:*'' ...
, but some trees, such as willow, oak, elm, and aspen, may grow in the ravines of the eastern slopes.
Some of the animals found in the hills are the
demoiselle crane, the
eastern imperial eagle
The eastern imperial eagle (''Aquila heliaca'') is a large bird of prey that breeds in southeastern Europe and extensively through West and Central Asia. Most populations are migratory and winter in northeastern Africa, the Middle East and South ...
,
steppe eagle
The steppe eagle (''Aquila nipalensis'') is a large bird of prey. Like all eagles, it belongs to the family Accipitridae. The steppe eagle's well-feathered legs illustrate it to be a member of the subfamily Aquilinae, also known as the "booted ...
,
red-footed falcon
The red-footed falcon (''Falco vespertinus''), formerly the western red-footed falcon, is a bird of prey. It belongs to the family Falconidae, the falcons. This bird is found in eastern Europe and Asia although its numbers are dwindling rapidly ...
,
white-winged lark
The white-winged lark (''Alauda leucoptera'') is a species of lark found from southern Ukraine through Kazakhstan to south-central Russia. It is partially migratory, with birds tending to move south in winter. The southernmost birds are mainly r ...
and the
javelin sand boa.
Reptiles of Northern Eurasia
/ref>
See also
*Highest points of Russian Federal subjects
This is a list of the highest points of the Federal Subjects of the Russian Federation.
List Above 1000 m
Below 1000 m
See also
* List of mountains and hills of Russia
* List of European ultra-prominent peaks
* List of Ultras of Central Asia
...
*List of mountains and hills of Russia
This is a list of mountains and hills of Russia.
List by elevation
Over 5000 meters
4000 to 4999 meters
3000 to 3999 meters
2000 to 2999 meters
1000 to 1999 meters
Under 1000 metres
See also
*Highest points of Russian Federal s ...
*Kalmyk Steppe
Kalmuk Steppe, or Kalmyk Steppe is a steppe with a land area of approximately 100,000 km², bordering the northwest Caspian Sea, bounded by the Volga on the northeast, the Manych on the southwest, and the territory of the Don Cossacks on the north ...
References
External links
*
Geological and geomorphological structure of the eastern foot of the Yergeni Hills (Preliminary results)
Landforms of Kalmykia
Hills of Russia
{{Kalmykia-geo-stub