Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily
Xylocopinae
The subfamily Xylocopinae (family Apidae) occurs worldwide, and includes the large carpenter bees (tribe Xylocopini), the small carpenter bees (tribe Ceratinini), the allodapine bees (tribe Allodapini), and the relictual genus ''Manuelia'' (tri ...
. The genus includes some 500
bee
Bees are winged insects closely related to wasps and ants, known for their roles in pollination and, in the case of the best-known bee species, the western honey bee, for producing honey. Bees are a monophyly, monophyletic lineage within the ...
s in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant material such as dead wood or bamboo. The main exceptions are species in the subgenus ''
Proxylocopa''; they dig nesting tunnels in suitable soil.
Etymology
The French entomologist
Pierre André Latreille
Pierre André Latreille (; 29 November 1762 – 6 February 1833) was a French zoologist, specialising in arthropods. Having trained as a Roman Catholic priest before the French Revolution, Latreille was imprisoned, and only regained his freedom ...
described the genus in 1802. He derived the name from the
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Dark Ages (), the Archaic peri ...
''xylokopos''/ξυλοκὀπος "wood-cutter".
Characteristics
Many species in this enormous genus are difficult to tell apart; most species are all black, or primarily black with some yellow or white pubescence. Some differ only in subtle morphological features, such as details of the male genitalia. Males of some species differ confusingly from the females, being covered in greenish-yellow fur. The confusion of species arises particularly in the
common names
In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, country name, popular name, or farmer's name) is a name that is based on the normal language of everyday life; and is often contrast ...
; in
India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
, for example, the common name for any all-black species of ''Xylocopa'' is ''bhanvra'' (or ''bhomora'' - ভোমোৰা - in
Assamese), and reports and sightings of ''bhanvra'' or ''bhomora'' are commonly misattributed to a European species, ''
Xylocopa violacea
''Xylocopa violacea'', the violet carpenter bee, is the common European species of carpenter bee, and one of the largest bees in Europe. It is also native to Asia.
Like most members of the genus '' Xylocopa'', it makes its nests in dead wood. I ...
''; however, this species is found only in the northern regions of
Jammu and Kashmir Jammu and Kashmir may refer to:
* Kashmir, the northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent
* Jammu and Kashmir (union territory), a region administered by India as a union territory
* Jammu and Kashmir (state), a region administered ...
and
Punjab
Punjab (; Punjabi: پنجاب ; ਪੰਜਾਬ ; ; also romanised as ''Panjāb'' or ''Panj-Āb'') is a geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in South Asia, specifically in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising ...
, and most reports of ''bhanvra'', especially elsewhere in India, refer to any of roughly 15 other common black ''Xylocopa'' species in the region, such as ''
X. nasalis'', ''
X. tenuiscapa'', or ''
X. tranquebarorum''.
![Xylocopa Latreille](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Xylocopa_Latreille.jpg)
Non-professionals commonly confuse carpenter bees with
bumblebees
A bumblebee (or bumble bee, bumble-bee, or humble-bee) is any of over 250 species in the genus ''Bombus'', part of Apidae, one of the bee families. This genus is the only extant group in the tribe Bombini, though a few extinct related gener ...
;
[ Sourced from Mitchell, T.B. (1962). ''Bees of the Eastern United States, Volume II''. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station. Tech. Bul. No.152, 557 p.] the simplest rule of thumb for telling them apart is that most carpenter bees have a shiny abdomen, whereas bumblebee abdomens are completely covered with dense hair. Males of some species of carpenter bees have a white or yellow face, unlike bumblebees, while females lack the bare
corbicula
''Corbicula'' is a genus of freshwater and brackish water clams, Aquatic animal, aquatic bivalve mollusks in the family Cyrenidae, the basket clams.Gofas, S. (2015). Cyrenidae Gray, 1847. In: MolluscaBase (2015). Accessed through: World Registe ...
of bumblebees; the hind leg is entirely hairy.
The wing venation is characteristic; the marginal cell in the front wing is narrow and elongated, and its apex bends away from the
costa
Costa may refer to:
Biology
* Rib (Latin: ''costa''), in vertebrate anatomy
* Costa (botany), the central strand of a plant leaf or thallus
* Costa (coral), a stony rib, part of the skeleton of a coral
* Costa (entomology), the leading edge of th ...
. The front wing has small stigma. When closed, the bee's short mandibles conceal the
labrum. The
clypeus is flat.
Males of many species have much larger eyes than the females, which relates to their mating behavior.
In the
United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...
, two eastern species, ''
Xylocopa virginica
''Xylocopa virginica'', sometimes referred to as the eastern carpenter bee, extends through the eastern United States and into Canada. They are Sympatry, sympatric with ''Xylocopa micans'' in much of southeastern United States. They nest in variou ...
'' and ''
X. micans'', occur. Three more species are primarily western in distribution, ''
X. sonorina'', ''
X. tabaniformis orpifex'', and ''
X. californica''. ''X. virginica'' is by far the more widely distributed species.
Ecological significance
In several species, the females live alongside their own daughters or sisters, creating a small social group. They use wood bits to form partitions between the cells in the nest. A few species bore holes in wood dwellings. Since the tunnels are near the surface, structural damage is generally minor or superficial. However, carpenter bee nests are attractive to
woodpecker
Woodpeckers are part of the bird family Picidae, which also includes the piculets, wrynecks, and sapsuckers. Members of this family are found worldwide, except for Australia, New Guinea, New Zealand, Madagascar, and the extreme polar regions. ...
s, which may do further damage by drilling into the wood to feed on the bees or larvae.
Carpenter bees have short mouthparts and are important
pollinator
A pollinator is an animal that moves pollen from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma of a flower. This helps to bring about fertilization of the ovules in the flower by the male gametes from the pollen grains.
Insects are the maj ...
s on some open-faced or shallow flowers; for some they even are obligate pollinators, for example the maypop (''
Passiflora incarnata
''Passiflora incarnata'', commonly known as maypop, purple passionflower, true passionflower, wild apricot, and wild passion vine, is a fast-growing perennial vine with climbing or trailing stems. A member of the passionflower genus ''Passiflora ...
'') and ''
Orphium
''Orphium'' is a plant genus in the Gentian family (Gentianaceae), endemic to South Africa. The name derives from the legendary Greek musician Orpheus.Chittenden, Fred J. Ed., Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening, Oxford 1951 The ...
'', which are not pollinated by any other insects. They also are important pollinators of flowers with various forms of lids, such as ''
Salvia
''Salvia'' () is the largest genus of plants in the sage family Lamiaceae, with nearly 1000 species of shrubs, herbaceous plant, herbaceous perennial plant, perennials, and annual plant, annuals. Within the Lamiaceae, ''Salvia'' is part of the ...
'' species and some members of the
. However many carpenter bees "
rob"
nectar
Nectar is a sugar-rich liquid produced by plants in glands called nectaries or nectarines, either within the flowers with which it attracts pollinating animals, or by extrafloral nectaries, which provide a nutrient source to animal mutualists ...
by slitting the sides of flowers with deep
corollae. ''
Xylocopa virginica
''Xylocopa virginica'', sometimes referred to as the eastern carpenter bee, extends through the eastern United States and into Canada. They are Sympatry, sympatric with ''Xylocopa micans'' in much of southeastern United States. They nest in variou ...
'' is one example of a species with such
nectar robbing
Nectar robbing is a foraging behavior utilized by some organisms that feed on floral nectar, carried out by feeding from holes bitten in flowers, rather than by entering through the flowers' natural openings. "Nectar robbers" usually feed in this ...
behavior. With their short labia the bees cannot reach the nectar without piercing the long-tubed flowers; they miss contact with the anthers and perform no pollination. In some plants, this reduces fruit and seed production, while others have developed defence mechanisms against nectar robbing. When foraging for pollen from some species with tubular flowers however, the same species of carpenter bees still achieve pollination, if the anthers and stigmata are exposed together.
Many
Old World
The "Old World" is a term for Afro-Eurasia that originated in Europe , after Europeans became aware of the existence of the Americas. It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia, which were previously thought of by the ...
carpenter bees have a special pouch-like structure on the inside of their first
metasoma
The metasoma is the posterior part of the body, or tagma, of arthropods whose body is composed of three parts, the other two being the prosoma and the mesosoma. In insects, it contains most of the digestive tract, respiratory system, and circula ...
l
tergite
A ''tergum'' (Latin for "the back"; plural ''terga'', associated adjective tergal) is the dorsal ('upper') portion of an arthropod segment other than the head. The anterior edge is called the 'base' and posterior edge is called the 'apex' or 'mar ...
called the
acarinarium
An acarinarium is a specialized anatomical structure which is evolved to facilitate the retention of mites on the body of an organism, typically a bee or a wasp. The term was introduced by Walter Karl Johann Roepke.
Evolution
The acarinarium has ...
where certain
mite
Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods). Mites span two large orders of arachnids, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari, but genetic analysis does not show clear evid ...
s (''
Dinogamasus'' species) reside as
commensals
Commensalism is a long-term biological interaction (symbiosis) in which members of one species gain benefits while those of the other species neither benefit nor are harmed. This is in contrast with mutualism, in which both organisms benefit fro ...
. The exact nature of the relationship is not fully understood, though in other bees that carry mites, they are beneficial, feeding either on
fungi
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from ...
in the nest, or on other harmful mites.
Behavior
![Carpenter bee](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Carpenter_bee.jpg)
Carpenter bees are traditionally considered solitary bees, though some species have simple social nests in which mothers and daughters may cohabit. Examples of this type of social nesting can be seen in the species ''
Xylocopa sulcatipes
''Xylocopa sulcatipes'' is a large Arabian carpenter bee. These multivoltine bees take part in social nesting and cooperative nesting. They are metasocial carpenter bees that nest in thin dead branches. One or more cooperating females build many ...
''
[Gerling, Dan; Hurd, Paul David; Hefetz, Abraham (1983). Comparative behavioral biology of two Middle East species of carpenter bees (''Xylocopa'' Latreille)(Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. Smithsonian Institution Press.] and ''
Xylocopa nasalis
The Oriental carpenter bee, ''Xylocopa nasalis'', or ''Xylocopa (Biluna) nasalis'', is a species of carpenter bee. It is widely distributed in Southeast Asian countries. It is a major pollinator within its ecosystem, and is often mistaken for a ...
''. When females cohabit, a division of labor between them occurs sometimes. In this type of nesting, multiple females either share in the foraging and nest laying, or one female does all the foraging and nest laying, while the other females guard.
[
Solitary species differ from social species. Solitary bees tend to be gregarious and often several nests of solitary bees are near each other. In solitary nesting, the founding bee forages, builds cells, lays the eggs, and guards. Normally, only one generation of bees live in the nest.][ '']Xylocopa pubescens
''Xylocopa pubescens'' is a species of large carpenter bee. Females form nests by excavation with their mandibles, often in dead or soft wood. ''X. pubescens'' is commonly found in areas extending from India to Northeast and West Africa. It must ...
'' is one carpenter bee species that can have both social and solitary nests.[Gerling, Dan, Paul David Hurd, and Abraham Hefetz. Comparative behavioral biology of two Middle East species of carpenter bees (''Xylocopa'' Latreille)(Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Smithsonian Institution Press, 1983.]
Carpenter bees make nests by tunneling into wood, bamboo, and similar hard plant material such as peduncles, usually dead. They vibrate their bodies as they rasp their mandible
In anatomy, the mandible, lower jaw or jawbone is the largest, strongest and lowest bone in the human facial skeleton. It forms the lower jaw and holds the lower tooth, teeth in place. The mandible sits beneath the maxilla. It is the only movabl ...
s against hard wood, each nest having a single entrance which may have many adjacent tunnels. As a subfamily, they nest in a wide range of host plants, but any one species may show definite adaptations or preferences for particular groups of plants. The entrance is often a perfectly circular hole measuring about on the underside of a beam, bench, or tree limb. Carpenter bees do not eat wood. They discard the bits of wood, or reuse particles to build partitions between cells. The tunnel functions as a nursery for brood and storage for the pollen/nectar upon which the brood subsists. The provision masses of some species are among the most complex in shape of any group of bees; whereas most bees fill their brood cells with a soupy mass and others form simple spheroid
A spheroid, also known as an ellipsoid of revolution or rotational ellipsoid, is a quadric surface obtained by rotating an ellipse about one of its principal axes; in other words, an ellipsoid with two equal semi-diameters. A spheroid has cir ...
al pollen masses, ''Xylocopa'' species form elongated and carefully sculpted masses that have several projections which keep the bulk of the mass from coming into contact with the cell walls, sometimes resembling an irregular caltrop
A caltrop (also known as caltrap, galtrop, cheval trap, galthrap, galtrap, calthrop, jackrock or crow's foot'' Battle of Alesia'' (Caesar's conquest of Gaul in 52 BC), Battlefield Detectives program, (2006), rebroadcast: 2008-09-08 on History Ch ...
. The eggs are very large relative to the size of the female, and are some of the largest eggs among all insects. Carpenter bees can be timber pests, and cause substantial damage to wood if infestations go undetected for several years.
Two very different mating system
A mating system is a way in which a group is structured in relation to sexual behaviour. The precise meaning depends upon the context. With respect to animals, the term describes which males and females mating, mate under which circumstances. Reco ...
s appear to be common in carpenter bees, and often this can be determined simply by examining specimens of the males of any given species. Species in which the males have large eyes are characterized by a mating system where the males either search for females by patrolling, or by hovering and waiting for passing females, which they then pursue. In the other mating system, the males often have very small heads, but a large, hypertrophied gland
In animals, a gland is a group of cells in an animal's body that synthesizes substances (such as hormones) for release into the bloodstream (endocrine gland) or into cavities inside the body or its outer surface (exocrine gland).
Structure
De ...
ular reservoir in the mesosoma
The mesosoma is the middle part of the body, or tagma, of arthropods whose body is composed of three parts, the other two being the prosoma and the metasoma. It bears the legs, and, in the case of winged insects, the wings.
In hymenopterans of t ...
releases pheromone
A pheromone () is a secreted or excreted chemical factor that triggers a social response in members of the same species. Pheromones are chemicals capable of acting like hormones outside the body of the secreting individual, to affect the behavio ...
s into the airstream behind the male while it flies or hovers. The pheromone advertises the presence of the male to females.
Male bees often are seen hovering near nests, and will approach nearby animals. However, males are harmless, since they do not have a stinger. Female carpenter bees are capable of stinging, but they are docile and rarely sting unless caught in the hand or otherwise directly provoked.
Natural predators
Woodpeckers
Woodpeckers are part of the bird family Picidae, which also includes the piculets, wrynecks, and sapsuckers. Members of this family are found worldwide, except for Australia, New Guinea, New Zealand, Madagascar, and the extreme polar regions. M ...
eat carpenter bees, as do various species of birds, such as shrike
Shrikes () are passerine birds of the family Laniidae. The family is composed of 34 species in four genera.
The family name, and that of the largest genus, ''Lanius'', is derived from the Latin word for "butcher", and some shrikes are also know ...
s and bee-eater
The bee-eaters are a group of non-passerine birds in the family Meropidae, containing three genera and thirty species. Most species are found in Africa and Asia, with a few in southern Europe, Australia, and New Guinea. They are characterised by ...
s as well as some mammals such as ratel
The honey badger (''Mellivora capensis''), also known as the ratel ( or ), is a mammal widely distributed in Africa, Southwest Asia, and the Indian subcontinent. Because of its wide range and occurrence in a variety of habitats, it is listed a ...
s. Other predators include large mantis
Mantises are an order (Mantodea) of insects that contains over 2,400 species in about 460 genera in 33 families. The largest family is the Mantidae ("mantids"). Mantises are distributed worldwide in temperate and tropical habitats. They ha ...
es and predatory flies, particularly large robber-flies of the family Asilidae
The Asilidae are the robber fly family, also called assassin flies. They are powerfully built, bristly flies with a short, stout proboscis enclosing the sharp, sucking hypopharynx. The name "robber flies" reflects their notoriously aggressive pre ...
. Woodpeckers are attracted to the noise of the bee larvae and drill holes along the tunnels to feed on them.
Apart from outright predators, parasitoid
In evolutionary ecology, a parasitoid is an organism that lives in close association with its host (biology), host at the host's expense, eventually resulting in the death of the host. Parasitoidism is one of six major evolutionarily stable str ...
al species of bee flies
The Bombyliidae are a family of flies, commonly known as bee flies. Adults generally feed on nectar and pollen, some being important pollinators. Larvae are mostly parasitoids of other insects.
Overview
The Bombyliidae are a large family of fl ...
(e.g. ''Xenox
''Xenox'' is a genus of bee flies (insects in the family Bombyliidae). There are five described species in ''Xenox'', all of which parasitize bees in the genus ''Xylocopa'' as larvae.
Species
* ''Xenox delila'' (Loew, 1869)
* ''Xenox habrosus'' ...
'') lay eggs in the entrance to the bee’s nest and the fly maggots live off the bee larvae.
Species
* ''Xylocopa abbotti
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' (Cockerell, 1909)
* '' Xylocopa abbreviata'' Hurd & Moure, 1963
* ''Xylocopa acutipennis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1854
* ''Xylocopa adumbrata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Lieftinck, 1957
* '' Xylocopa adusta'' Pérez, 1901
* ''Xylocopa aeneipennis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' (DeGeer, 1773)
* ''Xylocopa aerata
''Xylocopa aerata'', the golden-green carpenter bee or green carpenter bee, is one of two species of carpenter bee found only in the conservation areas around Sydney, and in the Great Dividing Range in New South Wales in Australia. Its only ...
'' (Smith, 1851)
* ''Xylocopa aestuans
''Xylocopa aestuans'', or ''Xylocopa (Koptortosoma) aestuans'', is a species of carpenter bee. It is widely distributed in Southeast Asia.
It is a large bee, measuring more than 20mm in length. Historically, ''Xylocopa pubescens'' has sometimes ...
'' (Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...
, 1758
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...
)
* ''Xylocopa aethiopica
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Pérez, 1901
* '' Xylocopa africana'' ( Fabricius, 1781)
* ''Xylocopa albiceps
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Fabricius, 1804
* ''Xylocopa albifrons
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Lepeletier, 1841
* '' Xylocopa albinotum'' Matsumura, 1926
* ''Xylocopa alternata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Pérez, 1901
* ''Xylocopa alticola
''Xylocopa alticola'' is a species of carpenter bee native to Africa.
The species was described by Hans Hedicke in 1938.
The Smithsonian has specimens collected from Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania.Xylocopa amamensis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Sonan, 1934
* ''Xylocopa amauroptera
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Pérez, 1901
* ''Xylocopa amazonica
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Enderlein, 1913
* '' Xylocopa amedaei'' Lepeletier, 1841
* ''Xylocopa amethystina
''Xylocopa amethystina'', or ''Xylocopa (Nodula) amethystina'', is a species of carpenter bee. It is distributed in South Asian countries such as, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
Subspecies
* ''Xylocopa amethystina amethystina'' (Fabricius, 1793 ...
'' (Fabricius, 1793)
* ''Xylocopa andarabana
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Hedicke, 1938
* ''Xylocopa andica
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Enderlein, 1913
* ''Xylocopa angulosa
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Maa, 1954
* '' Xylocopa anthophoroides'' Smith, 1874
* ''Xylocopa apicalis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1854
* ''Xylocopa appendiculata
''Xylocopa appendiculata'' is a species of carpenter bee in the family Apidae
Apidae is the largest family within the superfamily Apoidea, containing at least 5700 species of bees. The family includes some of the most commonly seen bees, inc ...
'' Smith, 1852
* ''Xylocopa artifex
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1874
* ''Xylocopa aruana
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Ritsema, 1876
* ''Xylocopa assimilis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Ritsema, 1880
* ''Xylocopa augusti
''Xylocopa augusti'' is a species of carpenter bee.
Description
''Xylocopa augusti'' can reach a length of about . These large and robust carpenter bees show a black body integument with conspicuous lateral ferruginous setae. Wings are dark bro ...
'' Lepeletier, 1841
* '' Xylocopa auripennis'' Lepeletier, 1841
* ''Xylocopa aurorea
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Friese
Friese may refer to:
* Carl Friese, an American mycologist
* Christian-Peter Friese, (1948-1970), victim at the Berlin wall
* Donald Friese (born 1940), American billionaire businessman
* Friedemann Friese (born 1970), German board game designer
...
, 1922
* '' Xylocopa aurulenta'' (Fabricius, 1804)
* '' Xylocopa bakeriana'' (Cockerell, 1914)
* '' Xylocopa balteata'' Maa, 1943
* '' Xylocopa bambusae'' Schrottky, 1902
* '' Xylocopa bangkaensis'' Friese, 1903
* ''Xylocopa barbatella
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Cockerell, 1931
* ''Xylocopa bariwal
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Maidl, 1912
* ''Xylocopa basalis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1854
* ''Xylocopa bentoni
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Cockerell, 1919
* ''Xylocopa bequaerti
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' (Cockerell, 1930)
* ''Xylocopa bhowara
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Maa, 1938
* ''Xylocopa biangulata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Vachal, 1899
* '' Xylocopa bicarinata'' Alfken, 1932
* '' Xylocopa bicristata'' Maa, 1954
* '' Xylocopa bilineata'' Friese, 1914
* '' Xylocopa bimaculata'' Friese, 1903
* ''Xylocopa binongkona
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' van der Vecht, 1953
* '' Xylocopa bluethgeni'' Dusmet y Alonso, 1924
* ''Xylocopa bombiformis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Smith, 1874
* ''Xylocopa bomboides
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1879
* ''Xylocopa bombylans
''Xylocopa bombylans'', the peacock carpenter bee, is a species of carpenter bee found in Australia. It gets its common name by its habit of burrowing into wood.
It was originally described by Danish naturalist Johan Christian Fabricius in 17 ...
'' (Fabricius, 1775)
* '' Xylocopa boops'' Maidl, 1912
* ''Xylocopa bouyssoui
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Vachal, 1898
* ''Xylocopa brasilianorum
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' (Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...
, 1767)
* ''Xylocopa braunsi
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Dusmet y Alonso, 1924
* ''Xylocopa bruesi
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Cockerell, 1914
* ''Xylocopa bryorum
''Xylocopa bryorum'', or ''Xylocopa (Koptortosoma) bryorum'', is a species of carpenter bee. It is distributed in Sri Lanka, Maldives, Bangladesh, Laos, Vietnam, Thailand.
References
Further reading
*Ruggiero M. (project leader), Ascher J. et ...
'' (Fabricius, 1775)
* ''Xylocopa buginesica
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Vecht, 1953
* ''Xylocopa buruana
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Lieftinck, 1956
* ''Xylocopa caerulea
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' (Fabricius, 1804)
* '' Xylocopa caffra'' (Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...
, 1767)
* ''Xylocopa calcarata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' (LeVeque, 1928)
* ''Xylocopa calens
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Lepeletier, 1841
* ''Xylocopa californica
The California carpenter bee, ''Xylocopa californica'', is a species of carpenter bee in the order Hymenoptera, and it is native to western North America.
Distribution
There are approximately 400 species worldwide of the genus ''Xylocopa.''LeBu ...
'' Cresson, 1864
* '' Xylocopa caloptera'' Pérez, 1901
* ''Xylocopa canaria
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' (Cockerell & LeVeque, 1925)
* ''Xylocopa cantabrita
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Lepeletier, 1841
* ''Xylocopa capensis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Spinola, 1838
* '' Xylocopa capitata'' Smith, 1854
* ''Xylocopa carbonaria
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1854
* '' Xylocopa caribea'' Lepeletier, 1841
* ''Xylocopa caspari
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' van der Vecht, 1953
* ''Xylocopa caviventris
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Maidl, 1912
* ''Xylocopa cearensis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Ducke, 1911
* '' Xylocopa ceballosi'' Dusmet y Alonso, 1924
* ''Xylocopa celebensis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' (Gribodo, 1894)
* ''Xylocopa chapini
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' (LeVeque, 1928)
* '' Xylocopa chinensis'' Friese, 1911
* ''Xylocopa chiyakensis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' (Cockerell, 1908)
* '' Xylocopa chlorina'' (Cockerell, 1915)
* '' Xylocopa chrysopoda'' Schrottky, 1902
* '' Xylocopa chrysoptera'' Latreille, 1809
* ''Xylocopa ciliata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Burmeister, 1876
* ''Xylocopa citrina
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Friese, 1909
* ''Xylocopa clarionensis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Hurd, 1958
* '' Xylocopa claripennis'' Friese, 1922
* ''Xylocopa cloti
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Vachal, 1898
* ''Xylocopa cockerelli
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Maa, 1943
* '' Xylocopa codinai'' Dusmet y Alonso, 1924
* ''Xylocopa colona
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Lepeletier, 1841
* ''Xylocopa columbiensis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Pérez, 1901
* ''Xylocopa combinata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Ritsema, 1876
* ''Xylocopa combusta
''Xylocopa combusta'' is a species of carpenter bee.
Description
''Xylocopa combusta'' has a black body with black hair on the head and the thorax. Bristles on the pygidial area are reddish.
Distribution
This species can be found in Sierra Leo ...
'' Smith, 1854
* ''Xylocopa concolorata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Maa, 1938
* '' Xylocopa conradsiana'' Friese, 1911
* ''Xylocopa coracina
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' van der Vecht, 1953
* ''Xylocopa cornigera
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Friese, 1909
* '' Xylocopa coronata'' Smith, 1861
* ''Xylocopa cribrata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Pérez, 1901
* '' Xylocopa cubaecola'' Lucas, 1857
* '' Xylocopa cuernosensis'' (Cockerell, 1915)
* '' Xylocopa cyanea'' Smith, 1874
* ''Xylocopa cyanescens
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Brullé, 1832
* '' Xylocopa dalbertisi'' Lieftinck, 1957
* '' Xylocopa dapitanensis'' (Cockerell, 1915)
* ''Xylocopa darwini
''Xylocopa darwini'', the Galápagos carpenter bee, is the only native species of bee in the Galápagos Islands, to which it is endemic. Altogether, only three species of bee are found in the islands. This species found on 75% of the largest i ...
'' Cockerell, 1926
* ''Xylocopa dejeanii
''Xylocopa dejeanii'', or ''Xylocopa (Zonohirsuta) dejeanii'', is a species of carpenter bee. It is widely distributed in Asian countries.
References
* http://vespa-bicolor.net/main/solitary-bees/xylocopa-dejeanii.htm
* http://animaldiversit ...
'' Lepeletier, 1841
* ''Xylocopa dibongoana
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Hedicke, 1923
* ''Xylocopa dimidiata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Latreille, 1809
* '' Xylocopa disconota'' Friese, 1914
* '' Xylocopa distinguenda'' Pérez, 1901
* ''Xylocopa ditypa
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Vachal, 1898
* ''Xylocopa diversipes
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Smith, 1861
* ''Xylocopa dolosa
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Vachal, 1899
* ''Xylocopa dormeyeri
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' (Enderlein, 1909)
* ''Xylocopa duala
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Strand, 1921
* ''Xylocopa electa
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Smith, 1874
* '' Xylocopa elegans'' Hurd & Moure, 1963
* ''Xylocopa erlangeri
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Enderlein, 1903
* '' Xylocopa erythrina'' Gribodo, 1894
* ''Xylocopa escalerai
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Dusmet y Alonso, 1924
* '' Xylocopa esica'' Cameron, 1902
* '' Xylocopa euchlora'' Pérez, 1901
* '' Xylocopa euxantha'' Cockerell, 1933
* '' Xylocopa eximia'' Pérez, 1901
* ''Xylocopa fabriciana
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Moure, 1960
* '' Xylocopa fallax'' Maidl, 1912
* '' Xylocopa fenestrata'' (Fabricius, 1798)
* '' Xylocopa fervens'' Lepeletier, 1841
* '' Xylocopa fimbriata'' Fabricius, 1804
* '' Xylocopa flavicollis'' (DeGeer, 1778)
* '' Xylocopa flavifrons'' Matsumura, 1912
* '' Xylocopa flavonigrescens'' Smith, 1854
* ''Xylocopa flavorufa
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' (DeGeer, 1778)
* ''Xylocopa forbesii
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' W. F. Kirby, 1883
* ''Xylocopa forsiusi
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Dusmet y Alonso, 1924
* ''Xylocopa fortissima
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Cockerell, 1930
* '' Xylocopa fransseni'' van der Vecht, 1953
* '' Xylocopa friesiana'' Maa, 1939
* ''Xylocopa frontalis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' (Olivier, 1789)
* '' Xylocopa fuliginata'' Pérez, 1901
* ''Xylocopa fulva
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Friese, 1922
* '' Xylocopa funesta'' Maidl, 1912
* ''Xylocopa fuscata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1854
* '' Xylocopa gabonica'' (Gribodo, 1894)
* '' Xylocopa ganglbaueri'' Maidl, 1912
* ''Xylocopa gaullei
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Vachal, 1898
* '' Xylocopa ghilianii'' Gribodo, 1891
* ''Xylocopa gracilis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Dusmet y Alonso, 1923
* '' Xylocopa graueri'' Maidl, 1912
* ''Xylocopa gressitti
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Lieftinck, 1957
* ''Xylocopa gribodoi
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Magretti, 1892
* ''Xylocopa grisescens
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Lepeletier, 1841
* ''Xylocopa grossa
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' (Drury, 1770)
* '' Xylocopa grubaueri'' Friese, 1903
* ''Xylocopa gualanensis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Cockerell, 1912
* '' Xylocopa guatemalensis'' Cockerell, 1912
* '' Xylocopa guigliae'' Lieftinck, 1957
* ''Xylocopa haefligeri
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Friese, 1909
* '' Xylocopa haematospila'' Moure, 1951
* ''Xylocopa hafizii
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Maa, 1938
* '' Xylocopa hellenica'' Spinola, 1843
* '' Xylocopa hirsutissima'' Maidl, 1912
* ''Xylocopa hottentotta
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1854
* ''Xylocopa hyalinipennis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Friese, 1922
* ''Xylocopa ignescens
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' (LeVeque, 1928)
* '' Xylocopa imitator'' Smith, 1854
* ''Xylocopa incandescens
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' (Cockerell, 1932)
* '' Xylocopa incerta'' Pérez, 1901
* '' Xylocopa incompleta'' Ritsema, 1880
* ''Xylocopa inconspicua
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Maa, 1937
* ''Xylocopa inconstans
''Xylocopa inconstans'' is a species of carpenter bee.
Description
image:Apidae - Xylocopa inconstans.JPG, left, 150px, A ''Xylocopa inconstans'' specimen from Eritrea
''Xylocopa inconstans'' can reach a length of about . The scutellum has a ri ...
'' Smith, 1874
* ''Xylocopa inquirenda
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Vachal, 1899
* '' Xylocopa insola'' Vachal, 1910
* '' Xylocopa insularis'' Smith, 1857
* '' Xylocopa io'' Vachal, 1898
* ''Xylocopa iranica
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Maa, 1954
* '' Xylocopa iridipennis'' Lepeletier, 1841
* '' Xylocopa iris'' (Christ, 1791)
* '' Xylocopa isabelleae'' Hurd, 1959
* '' Xylocopa javana'' Friese, 1914
* ''Xylocopa kamerunensis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Vachal, 1899
* '' Xylocopa karnyi'' Maidl, 1912
* '' Xylocopa kerri'' (Cockerell, 1929)
* ''Xylocopa kuehni
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Friese, 1903
* ''Xylocopa lachnea
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Moure, 1951
* ''Xylocopa lanata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1854
* ''Xylocopa langi
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' (LeVeque, 1928)
* '' Xylocopa lateralis'' Say, 1837
* '' Xylocopa lateritia'' Smith, 1854
* '' Xylocopa laticeps''
* ''Xylocopa latipes
''Xylocopa latipes'', the tropical carpenter bee, is a species of carpenter bee widely dispersed throughout Southeast Asia. As its name suggests, this bee inhabits forests in warm tropical climates and constructs nests by burrowing into wood. ...
'' (Drury, 1773)
* ''Xylocopa lautipennis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' (Cockerell, 1933)
* '' Xylocopa lehmanni'' Friese, 1903
* '' Xylocopa lepeletieri'' Enderlein, 1903
* ''Xylocopa leucocephala
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Ritsema, 1876
* ''Xylocopa leucothoracoides
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Maidl, 1912
* '' Xylocopa levequeae'' Maa, 1943
* '' Xylocopa lieftincki'' Leys, 2000
* '' Xylocopa lombokensis'' Maidl, 1912
* '' Xylocopa longespinosa'' Enderlein, 1903
* ''Xylocopa longula
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Friese, 1922
* '' Xylocopa loripes'' Smith, 1874
* ''Xylocopa lucbanensis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' (Cockerell, 1927)
* ''Xylocopa lucida
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1874
* '' Xylocopa lugubris'' Gerstäcker, 1857
* '' Xylocopa lundqvisti'' Lieftinck, 1957
* ''Xylocopa luteola
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Lepeletier, 1841
* '' Xylocopa macrops'' Lepeletier, 1841
* ''Xylocopa madida
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Friese, 1925
* '' Xylocopa madurensis'' Friese, 1913
* ''Xylocopa maesoi
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Dusmet y Alonso, 1924
* '' Xylocopa magnifica'' (Cockerell, 1929)
* ''Xylocopa maidli
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Maa, 1940
* '' Xylocopa maior'' Maidl, 1912
* ''Xylocopa marginella
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Lepeletier, 1841
* ''Xylocopa mastrucata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Pérez, 1901
* ''Xylocopa mazarredoi
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Dusmet y Alonso, 1924
* ''Xylocopa mcgregori
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Cockerell, 1920
* '' Xylocopa mckeani'' (Cockerell, 1929)
* ''Xylocopa meadewaldoi
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Hurd, 1959
* ''Xylocopa mendozana
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Enderlein, 1913
* ''Xylocopa merceti
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Dusmet y Alonso, 1924
* '' Xylocopa metallica'' Smith, 1874
* ''Xylocopa mexicanorum
''Xylocopa mexicanorum'' is a species of carpenter bee in the family Apidae. It is found in Central America and North America.
References
Further reading
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External links
*
Xylocopa, mexicanorum
Articles created by Qbugbot
Ins ...
'' Cockerell, 1912
* ''Xylocopa meyeri
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Dusmet y Alonso, 1924
* ''Xylocopa micans
''Xylocopa micans'', also known as the southern carpenter bee, is a species of bee within ''Carpenter bee, Xylocopa'', the genus of carpenter bees. The southern carpenter bee can be found mainly in the coastal and Gulf Coast of the United States, ...
'' Lepeletier, 1841
* '' Xylocopa micheneri'' Hurd, 1978
* ''Xylocopa mimetica
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Cockerell, 1915
* ''Xylocopa minor
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Maidl, 1912
* ''Xylocopa mirabilis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Hurd & Moure, 1963
* '' Xylocopa mixta'' Radoszkowski, 1881
* ''Xylocopa modesta
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1854
* ''Xylocopa mohnikei
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Cockerell, 1907
* ''Xylocopa mongolicus
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' (Wu, 1983)
* '' Xylocopa montana'' Enderlein, 1903
* '' Xylocopa mordax'' Smith, 1874
* ''Xylocopa morotaiana
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Lieftinck, 1956
* '' Xylocopa muscaria'' (Fabricius, 1775)
* '' Xylocopa myops'' Ritsema, 1876
* ''Xylocopa nasalis
The Oriental carpenter bee, ''Xylocopa nasalis'', or ''Xylocopa (Biluna) nasalis'', is a species of carpenter bee. It is widely distributed in Southeast Asian countries. It is a major pollinator within its ecosystem, and is often mistaken for a ...
'' Westwood, 1842
* '' Xylocopa nasica'' Pérez, 1901
* ''Xylocopa nautlana
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Cockerell, 1904
* ''Xylocopa negligenda
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Maa, 1939
* ''Xylocopa nigrella
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Hurd, 1959
* ''Xylocopa nigrescens
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Friese, 1901
* '' Xylocopa nigricans'' Vachal, 1910
* '' Xylocopa nigricaula'' (LeVeque, 1928)
* ''Xylocopa nigripes
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Friese, 1915
* ''Xylocopa nigrita
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' (Fabricius, 1775)
* '' Xylocopa nigrocaerulea'' Smith, 1874
* '' Xylocopa nigrocaudata'' Pérez, 1901
* '' Xylocopa nigrocincta'' Smith, 1854
* ''Xylocopa nigroclypeata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Rayment, 1935
* '' Xylocopa nigroplagiata'' Ritsema, 1876
* ''Xylocopa nigrotarsata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Maa, 1938
* ''Xylocopa nitidiventris
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1878
* '' Xylocopa nix'' (Maa, 1954)
* ''Xylocopa nobilis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1859
* ''Xylocopa nogueirai
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Hurd & Moure, 1960
* '' Xylocopa nyassica'' Enderlein, 1903
* '' Xylocopa oblonga'' Smith, 1874
* ''Xylocopa obscurata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1854
* '' Xylocopa obscuritarsis'' Friese, 1922
* ''Xylocopa occipitalis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Pérez, 1901
* ''Xylocopa ocellaris
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Pérez, 1901
* ''Xylocopa ocularis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Pérez, 1901
* '' Xylocopa ogasawarensis'' Matsumura, 1932
* '' Xylocopa olivacea'' (Fabricius, 1778)
* ''Xylocopa olivieri
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Lepeletier, 1841
* '' Xylocopa ordinaria'' Smith, 1874
* ''Xylocopa ornata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Smith, 1874
* '' Xylocopa orthogonaspis'' Moure, 2003
* '' Xylocopa orthosiphonis'' (Cockerell, 1908)
* '' Xylocopa pallidiscopa'' Hurd, 1961
* ''Xylocopa parviceps
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Morawitz, 1895
* ''Xylocopa parvula
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Rayment, 1935
* ''Xylocopa perforator
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Smith, 1861
* '' Xylocopa perkinsi'' Cameron, 1901
* '' Xylocopa perpunctata'' (LeVeque, 1928)
* ''Xylocopa peruana
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Pérez, 1901
* ''Xylocopa perversa
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Wiedemann, 1824
* ''Xylocopa pervirescens
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Cockerell, 1931
* ''Xylocopa phalothorax
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Lepeletier, 1841
* '' Xylocopa philippinensis'' Smith, 1854
* '' Xylocopa pilosa'' Friese, 1922
* ''Xylocopa plagioxantha
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Lieftinck, 1964
* ''Xylocopa praeusta
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1854
* '' Xylocopa prashadi'' Maa, 1938
* '' Xylocopa preussi'' Enderlein, 1903
* '' Xylocopa provida'' Smith, 1863
* ''Xylocopa proximata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Maa, 1938
* ''Xylocopa przewalskyi
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Morawitz, 1886
* ''Xylocopa pseudoleucothorax
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Maidl, 1912
* ''Xylocopa pseudoviolacea
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Popov, 1947
* ''Xylocopa pubescens
''Xylocopa pubescens'' is a species of large carpenter bee. Females form nests by excavation with their mandibles, often in dead or soft wood. ''X. pubescens'' is commonly found in areas extending from India to Northeast and West Africa. It must ...
'' Spinola, 1838
* ''Xylocopa pulchra
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1874
* ''Xylocopa punctifrons
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Cockerell, 1917
* '' Xylocopa punctigena'' Maa, 1938
* ''Xylocopa punctilabris
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Morawitz, 1894
* '' Xylocopa pusulata'' Vachal, 1910
* ''Xylocopa ramakrishnai
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Maa, 1938
* ''Xylocopa rejecta
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Vachal, 1910
* '' Xylocopa remota'' Maa, 1938
* ''Xylocopa rogenhoferi
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Friese, 1900
* ''Xylocopa rotundiceps
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1874
* '' Xylocopa rufa'' Friese, 1901
* '' Xylocopa ruficeps'' Friese, 1910
* ''Xylocopa ruficollis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Hurd & Moure, 1963
* ''Xylocopa ruficornis
''Xylocopa ruficornis'', or ''Xylocopa (Koptortosoma) ruficornis'', is a species of carpenter bee. It is found in the Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்க ...
'' Fabricius, 1804
* '' Xylocopa rufidorsum'' Enderlein, 1913
* ''Xylocopa rufipes
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1852
* ''Xylocopa rufitarsis
''Xylocopa rufitarsis'' is a species of carpenter bee native to South Africa. It has been assigned to the subgenus ''Xylomelissa''. It was seen to visit flowers of a wide range of plants, many of them Fabaceae such as '' Acacia karroo'', ''Aspa ...
'' Lepeletier, 1841
* '' Xylocopa rutilans'' Lieftinck, 1957
* '' Xylocopa samarensis'' (Cockerell & LeVeque, 1925)
* ''Xylocopa sarawatica
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Engel, 2017
* ''Xylocopa schoana
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Enderlein, 1903
* '' Xylocopa scioensis'' Gribodo, 1884
* ''Xylocopa senex
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Friese, 1909
* '' Xylocopa senior'' Vachal, 1899
* ''Xylocopa shelfordi
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Cameron, 1902
* ''Xylocopa sicheli
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Vachal, 1898
* ''Xylocopa signata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Morawitz, 1875
* ''Xylocopa similis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1874
* ''Xylocopa simillima
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1854
* '' Xylocopa sinensis'' (Wu, 1983)
* '' Xylocopa sinensis'' Smith, 1854
* ''Xylocopa smithii
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Ritsema, 1876
* ''Xylocopa sogdiana
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Popov & Ponomareva, 1961
* '' Xylocopa somalica'' Magretti, 1895
* ''Xylocopa sonorina
''Xylocopa sonorina'', the valley carpenter bee or Hawaiian carpenter bee, is a species of carpenter bee found from western Texas to northern California, and the eastern Pacific islands.Hurd, Jr., Paul (1958).The carpenter bees of the eastern Pa ...
'' Smith
Smith may refer to:
People
* Metalsmith, or simply smith, a craftsman fashioning tools or works of art out of various metals
* Smith (given name)
* Smith (surname), a family name originating in England, Scotland and Ireland
** List of people wi ...
, 1874
* ''Xylocopa sphinx
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Vachal, 1899
* '' Xylocopa splendidula'' Lepeletier, 1841
* ''Xylocopa stadelmanni
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Vachal, 1899
* ''Xylocopa stanleyi
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' (LeVeque, 1928)
* ''Xylocopa steindachneri
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Maidl, 1912
* ''Xylocopa strandi
''Xylocopa strandi'' is a species of carpenter bee in the family Apidae
Apidae is the largest family within the superfamily Apoidea, containing at least 5700 species of bees. The family includes some of the most commonly seen bees, including ...
'' Dusmet y Alonso, 1924
* ''Xylocopa subcombusta
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' (LeVeque, 1928)
* ''Xylocopa subcyanea
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Pérez, 1901
* ''Xylocopa subjuncta
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Vachal, 1898
* ''Xylocopa subvirescens
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Cresson, 1879
* ''Xylocopa subvolatilis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' (Cockerell, 1918)
* ''Xylocopa subzonata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Moure, 1949
* ''Xylocopa sulcatipes
''Xylocopa sulcatipes'' is a large Arabian carpenter bee. These multivoltine bees take part in social nesting and cooperative nesting. They are metasocial carpenter bees that nest in thin dead branches. One or more cooperating females build many ...
'' Maa, 1970
* '' Xylocopa sulcifrons'' Pérez, 1901
* '' Xylocopa suspecta'' Moure & Camargo, 1988
* '' Xylocopa suspiciosa'' Vachal, 1899
* '' Xylocopa sycophanta'' Pérez, 1901
* ''Xylocopa tabaniformis
''Xylocopa tabaniformis'', the horsefly-like carpenter bee or mountain carpenter bee is a species of carpenter bee in the family Apidae
Apidae is the largest family within the superfamily Apoidea, containing at least 5700 species of bees. The ...
'' Smith, 1854
* '' Xylocopa tacanensis'' Moure, 1949
* ''Xylocopa tambelanensis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' (Cockerell, 1926)
* '' Xylocopa tanganyikae'' Strand, 1911
* ''Xylocopa tayabanica
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Cockerell, 1930
* ''Xylocopa tegulata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Friese, 1911
* '' Xylocopa tenkeana'' Cockerell, 1933
* ''Xylocopa tenuata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1874
* ''Xylocopa tenuiscapa
''Xylocopa tenuiscapa'', or ''Xylocopa (Platynopoda) tenuiscapa'', is a species of carpenter bee. It is found only in South Asian and Southeast Asian countries.
Like most bees, ''X. tenuiscapa'' has a diurnal activity cycle, but in the Western ...
'' Westwood, 1840
* ''Xylocopa teredo
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Guilding, 1825
* ''Xylocopa tesselata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Maa, 1970
* '' Xylocopa thoracica'' Friese, 1903
* ''Xylocopa togoensis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Enderlein, 1903
* ''Xylocopa torrida
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' (Westwood, 1838)
* ''Xylocopa tranquebarica
''Xylocopa tranquebarica'', or ''Xylocopa (Nyctomelitta) tranquibarica'', is a species of carpenter bee. It is found only in South Asian and Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as ...
'' (Fabricius, 1804)
* ''Xylocopa tranquebarorum
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' (Swederus, 1787)
* ''Xylocopa transitoria
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Pérez, 1901
* ''Xylocopa tricolor
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Ritsema, 1876
* '' Xylocopa trifasciata'' Gribodo, 1891
* ''Xylocopa trochanterica
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Vachal, 1910
* '' Xylocopa truxali'' Hurd & Moure, 1963
* ''Xylocopa tumida
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Friese, 1903
* '' Xylocopa tumorifera'' Lieftinck, 1957
* '' Xylocopa turanica'' Morawitz, 1875
* '' Xylocopa uclesiensis'' Pérez, 1901
* '' Xylocopa unicolor'' Smith, 1861
* '' Xylocopa ustulata'' Smith, 1854
* '' Xylocopa vachali'' Pérez, 1901
* ''Xylocopa valga
''Xylocopa valga'' is a species of carpenter bee common to: western, central and southern Europe, except for far northern latitudes; the Caucasus; Middle East; Central Asia; and Mongolia. The species has become extinct in Latvia and Lithuania.
D ...
'' Gerstäcker, 1872
* ''Xylocopa varentzowi
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Morawitz, 1895
* ''Xylocopa varians
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1874
* ''Xylocopa varipes
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1854
* ''Xylocopa velutina
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Lieftinck, 1957
* ''Xylocopa versicolor
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Alfken, 1930
* '' Xylocopa vestita'' Hurd & Moure, 1963
* '' Xylocopa villosa'' Friese, 1909
* ''Xylocopa violacea
''Xylocopa violacea'', the violet carpenter bee, is the common European species of carpenter bee, and one of the largest bees in Europe. It is also native to Asia.
Like most members of the genus '' Xylocopa'', it makes its nests in dead wood. I ...
'' (Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...
, 1758
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...
)
* ''Xylocopa virginica
''Xylocopa virginica'', sometimes referred to as the eastern carpenter bee, extends through the eastern United States and into Canada. They are Sympatry, sympatric with ''Xylocopa micans'' in much of southeastern United States. They nest in variou ...
'' (Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...
, 1771)
* '' Xylocopa viridigastra'' Lepeletier, 1841
* ''Xylocopa viridis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Smith, 1854
* ''Xylocopa vittata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Enderlein, 1903
* ''Xylocopa vogtiana
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Enderlein, 1913
* ''Xylocopa volatilis
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Smith, 1861
* ''Xylocopa vulpina
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Alfken, 1930
* ''Xylocopa waterhousei
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Leys, 2000
* '' Xylocopa watmoughi'' Eardley, 1983
* ''Xylocopa wellmani
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant ma ...
'' Cockerell, 1906
* '' Xylocopa wilmattae'' Cockerell, 1912
* '' Xylocopa xanti'' Mocsáry, 1883
* '' Xylocopa yunnanensis'' Wu, 1982
* ''Xylocopa zonata
Carpenter bees are species in the genus ''Xylocopa'' of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant m ...
'' Alfken, 1930
Gallery
Carpenter bee head and compound eyes.jpg, Carpenter bees have large compound eyes
A compound eye is a visual organ found in arthropods such as insects and crustaceans. It may consist of thousands of ommatidia, which are tiny independent photoreception units that consist of a cornea, lens, and photoreceptor cells which distin ...
. Their mandibles, when closed, cover the labrum.
Carpenter-bee.JPG,
Xylocopa (Biluna) tranquebarorum flapping.webm, '' X. tranquebarorum'' flight in slow motion
Xylocopa caffra female, Anthophoridae, at Orphium fruitescens.jpg, '' Xylocopa caffra'' female foraging
File:Carpenter bee uploaded by vijayanRajapuram.jpg, Carpenter bee at Kanhangad
Kanhangad () is a town, located in the Kasaragod District, state of Kerala, India.
Location
The area contains villages around Kanhangad town with Kasaragod as the northern border, Nileshwar, popularly known as the 'cultural town' of Kasara ...
References
External links
*
*
United States ''Xylocopa'' Identification Guide
List of Species
Worldwide Species Map
– taken near the town of Chavarillo, Veracruz
Veracruz (), formally Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave), is one of the 31 states which, along with Me ...
, Mexico
Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
Carpenter bees, ''Xylocopa'' spp.
on the UF / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site
{{Authority control
Xylocopinae
Articles containing video clips