The Xakriabá () are an
indigenous people of Brazil
Indigenous may refer to:
*Indigenous peoples
*Indigenous (ecology), presence in a region as the result of only natural processes, with no human intervention
*Indigenous (band), an American blues-rock band
*Indigenous (horse), a Hong Kong racehorse ...
. One of the
Gê peoples who spoke the
Xakriabá dialect of the
Akwe language, they used to live in the
Tocantins River
The Tocantins River ( , Parkatêjê dialect, Parkatêjê: ''Pyti'' ɨˈti is a river in Brazil, the central fluvial artery of the country. In the Tupi language, its name means "toucan's beak" (''Tukã'' for "toucan" and ''Ti'' for "beak"). It ...
area.
As of 2010, 9,196 Xakriabá people lived in the
state
State most commonly refers to:
* State (polity), a centralized political organization that regulates law and society within a territory
**Sovereign state, a sovereign polity in international law, commonly referred to as a country
**Nation state, a ...
of
Minas Gerais
Minas Gerais () is one of the 27 federative units of Brazil, being the fourth largest state by area and the second largest in number of inhabitants with a population of 20,539,989 according to the 2022 Brazilian census, 2022 census. Located in ...
.
Name
The Xakriabá are also known as the ''Xacriabá'', ''Chakriaba'', ''Chikriaba'', or ''Shacriaba'' people.
[ They were formerly known as ''"acroás"'' and ''"coroás"'' in ]Bahia
Bahia () is one of the 26 Federative units of Brazil, states of Brazil, located in the Northeast Region, Brazil, Northeast Region of the country. It is the fourth-largest Brazilian state by population (after São Paulo (state), São Paulo, Mina ...
and ''"gamelas"'' in Piauí
Piauí ( ) is one of the states of Brazil, located in the country's Northeast Region, Brazil, Northeast Region. The state has 1.6% of the Brazilian population and produces 0.7% of the Brazilian GDP.
Piauí has the shortest coastline of any coas ...
.
Language
The Xakriabá speak Portuguese. The extinct Xakriabá language was an Acua language, belonging to the Ge language family and was one of the Macro-Ge languages.[
]
History
In pre-colonial times, Xakriabá did not have a defined territory, but lived in the valley of the Tocantins River, in Goiás
Goiás () is a Brazilian States of Brazil, state located in the Central-West Region, Brazil, Central-West region. Goiás borders the Federal District (Brazil), Federal District and the states of (from north clockwise) Tocantins, Bahia, Minas Ge ...
and along the São Francisco River
The São Francisco River (, ) is a large Rivers of Brazil, river in Brazil. With a length of , it is the longest river that runs entirely in Brazilian territory, and the fourth longest in South America and overall in Brazil (after the Amazon R ...
. In the early 18th century, Matias Cardoso de Almeida, a pioneer, slaughtered Indians in the region. The Roman Catholic church forced local tribes to build missions. A statue of the saint, St. John of the Indians : São João dos Índios) appeared at one of the missions, became a patron saint in the region.[""Xakriabá: História."]
''ISA: Povos Indígenas no Brasil.'' Retrieved 5 August 2012.
In the 18th century, the Xakriabá settled in reservations (''aldeia''s).[
]
References
Further reading
*
External links
{{DEFAULTSORT:Xakriaba People
Indigenous peoples in Brazil
Indigenous peoples of Eastern Brazil