''Pichia anomala'' is a species of

ascomycete Ascomycota is a phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, forms the subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the sac fungi or ascomycetes. It is the largest phylum of Fungi, with over 64,000 species. The defi ...

and teleomorphic fungi of the genus ''

Pichia ''Pichia'' (''Hansenula'' and ''Hyphopichia'' are obsolete synonyms) is a genus of yeasts in the family Pichiaceae with spherical, elliptical, or oblong acuminate cells. ''Pichia'' is a teleomorph, and forms hat-shaped, hemispherical, or round asc ...

''. It is used as a preventive ( biocontrol agent) for undesirable fungi or mold, nevertheless it may spoil food in large quantities. It is used in wine making, airtight stored grain (preventing '' Aspergillus flavus''

aflatoxins Aflatoxins are various toxicity, poisonous carcinogens and mutagens that are produced by certain Mold (fungus), molds, particularly ''Aspergillus'' species. The fungi grow in soil, decaying vegetation and various staple food, staple foodstuffs a ...

), apples, and grapevines. ''P. anomala'' has been reclassified as ''

Wickerhamomyces ''Wickerhamomyces'' is a genus of fungi within the Saccharomycetales order. It is placed within the familyof Phaffomycetaceae. Description The fungi has asexual reproduction and that budding is multilateral on a narrow base. The cells are spheric ...

anomalus''.

Features

Distinguished from some other species of ''Pichia'' by high osmotolerance, ''P. anomala'' ferments

sucrose Sucrose, a disaccharide, is a sugar composed of glucose and fructose subunits. It is produced naturally in plants and is the main constituent of white sugar. It has the molecular formula . For human consumption, sucrose is extracted and refined ...

, and assimilates raffinose. Does not exhibit crabtree effect but rather

Pasteur effect The Pasteur effect describes how available oxygen inhibits ethanol fermentation, driving yeast to switch toward aerobic respiration for increased generation of the energy carrier adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Discovery The effect was described b ...

Products

* ethanol under

anaerobiosis An anaerobic organism or anaerobe is any organism that does not require molecular oxygen for growth. It may react negatively or even die if free oxygen is present. In contrast, an aerobic organism (aerobe) is an organism that requires an oxygenate ...

acetate An acetate is a salt (chemistry), salt formed by the combination of acetic acid with a base (e.g. Alkali metal, alkaline, Alkaline earth metal, earthy, Transition metal, metallic, nonmetallic or radical Radical (chemistry), base). "Acetate" als ...

under respiratory and respirofermentative growth. * ethyl acetate from glucose under oxygen limitation, also other small volatiles, e.g., ethyl propanoate, phenyl ethanol, and 2-phenylethyl acetate. * glycerol, arabinitol, and trehalose under osmotic stress and oxygen limitation.

References

Viticulture Saccharomycetaceae Yeasts Yeasts used in brewing {{Ascomycota-stub