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The Westinghouse Electric Corporation was an American manufacturing company founded in 1886 by George Westinghouse. It was originally named "Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company" and was renamed "Westinghouse Electric Corporation" in 1945. The company acquired the CBS television network in 1995 and was renamed "CBS Corporation" until being acquired by Viacom in 1999, a merger completed in April 2000. The CBS Corporation name was later reused for one of the two companies resulting from the split of Viacom in 2006. The Westinghouse trademarks are owned by Westinghouse Electric Corporation, and were previously part of Westinghouse Licensing Corporation. The nuclear power business, Westinghouse Electric Company, was spun off from the Westinghouse Electric Corporation in 1999.


History

Westinghouse Electric was founded by George Westinghouse in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on January 8, 1886. The firm became active in developing electric infrastructure throughout the United States. The company's largest factories were located in East Pittsburgh Pennsylvania, and Lester, Pennsylvania and in Hamilton, Ontario, where they made turbines, generators, motors, and switch gear for generation, transmission, and use of electricity. In addition to George Westinghouse, early engineers working for the company included Frank Conrad, Benjamin Garver Lamme, Bertha Lamme (first woman mechanical engineer in the United States),
Oliver B. Shallenberger Oliver Blackburn Shallenberger (May 7, 1860 – January 23, 1898) was an American electrical engineer and inventor. He is associated with electrical inventions related to alternating current. He is most noted for inventing the first successful al ...
, William Stanley, Nikola Tesla, Stephen Timoshenko and Vladimir Zworykin. Early on, Westinghouse was a rival to Thomas Edison's electric company. In 1892, Edison was merged with Westinghouse's chief AC rival, the Thomson-Houston Electric Company, making an even bigger competitor,
General Electric General Electric Company (GE) is an American multinational conglomerate founded in 1892, and incorporated in New York state and headquartered in Boston. The company operated in sectors including healthcare, aviation, power, renewable energ ...
. Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company changed its name to Westinghouse Electric Corporation in 1945.


CBS Corporation

In 1990, Westinghouse experienced a financial catastrophe when the Corporation lost over one billion dollars due to bad high-risk, high-fee, high-interest loans made by its Westinghouse Credit Corporation lending arm. Westinghouse purchased CBS Inc. in 1995, for $5.4 billion. Westinghouse Electric Corporation changed its name to and became the original "CBS Corporation" in 1997. Also in 1997, the Power Generation Business Unit, headquartered in
Orlando, Florida Orlando () is a city in the U.S. state of Florida and is the county seat of Orange County, Florida, Orange County. In Central Florida, it is the center of the Greater Orlando, Orlando metropolitan area, which had a population of 2,509,831, acco ...
, was sold to Siemens AG, of Germany. A year later, CBS sold all of its commercial nuclear power businesses to British Nuclear Fuels Limited (BNFL). In connection with that sale, certain rights to use the Westinghouse trademarks were granted to the newly formed BNFL subsidiary, Westinghouse Electric Company. That company was sold to Toshiba in 2006. In an attempt to revitalize the corporation, the Board of Directors appointed outside management in the form of CEO Michael H. Jordan, who brought in numerous consultants to help re-engineer the company in order to realize the potential that they saw in the broadcasting industry. Westinghouse reduced the workforce in many of its traditional industrial operations and made further acquisitions in broadcasting to add to its already substantial Group W network, purchasing CBS in 1995. Shortly after, Westinghouse purchased Infinity Broadcasting, TNN, CMT, American Radio Systems, and rights to
NFL The National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league that consists of 32 teams, divided equally between the American Football Conference (AFC) and the National Football Conference (NFC). The NFL is one of the major ...
broadcasting. These investments cost the company over fifteen billion dollars. To recoup its costs, Westinghouse sold many other operations. Siemens purchased its non-nuclear power generation division, while other firms bought its defense electronics division, its metering and
load control Load management, also known as demand-side management (DSM), is the process of balancing the supply of electricity on the network with the electrical load by adjusting or controlling the load rather than the power station output. This can be ach ...
division (which was sold to ABB), its residential security division, the office furniture company Knoll, and Thermo King. With little remaining of the company other than its broadcasting division, Westinghouse renamed itself CBS Corporation in 1997.


Patents

During the 20th century, Westinghouse engineers and scientists were granted more than 28,000 U.S. patents, the third most of any company.2009 Westinghouse corporate profile


Products and sponsorships

*Power generation: The company pioneered the power generation industry and in the fields of long-distance power transmission and high-voltage alternating-current transmission, unveiling the technology for lighting in Great Barrington, Massachusetts. *Steam turbine generator: The first commercial Westinghouse steam turbine-driven generator, a 1,500 kW unit, began operation at Hartford Electric Light Co. in 1901. The machine, nicknamed Mary-Ann, was the first steam turbine generator to be installed by an electric utility to generate electricity in the US. George Westinghouse had based his original steam turbine design on designs licensed from the English inventor Charles Parsons. Today a large proportion of steam turbine generators operating around the world, ranging to units as large as 1,500 MW (or 1,000 times the original 1901 unit) were supplied by Westinghouse from its factories in Lester, Pennsylvania; Charlotte, North Carolina; or Hamilton, Ont. or were built overseas under Westinghouse license. Major Westinghouse licensees or joint venture partners included Mitsubishi Heavy Industries of Japan and Harbin Turbine Co. and Shanghai Electric Co. of China. *Research: Westinghouse had 50,000 employees by 1900 and established a formal research and development department in 1906. While the company was expanding, it would experience internal financial difficulties. During the Panic of 1907, the Board of Directors forced George Westinghouse to take a six-month leave of absence. Westinghouse officially retired in 1909 and died several years later in 1914. *Electrical technology: Under new leadership, Westinghouse Electric diversified its business activities in electrical technology. It acquired the Copeman Electric Stove Company in 1914 and Pittsburgh High Voltage Insulator Company in 1921. Westinghouse also moved into radio broadcasting by establishing Pittsburgh's KDKA, the first commercial radio station, and WBZ in Springfield, Massachusetts in 1921. Westinghouse expanded into the elevator business, establishing the Westinghouse Elevator Company in 1928; it sold its elevator business to Schindler Group (forming the Schindler Elevator Corporation) in 1989. Throughout the decade, diversification engendered considerable growth; sales went from $43 million in 1914 to $216 million in 1929. *Aviation: Westinghouse produced the first operational American turbojet for the US Navy program in 1943. After many successes, the ill-fated J40 project, started soon after World War Two, was abandoned in 1955 and led to Westinghouse exiting the aircraft engine business with the closure of the Westinghouse Aviation Gas Turbine Division (Kansas City) in 1960. *Gas turbines: During the late 1940s Westinghouse applied its aviation gas turbine technology and experience to develop its first industrial gas turbine. A 2,000–horsepower model W21 was installed in 1948 at the Mississippi River Fuel Corp gas compression station in
Wilmar, Arkansas Wilmar is a city in Drew County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 511 at the 2010 census, down from 571 in 2000. Geography Wilmar is located in western Drew County at (33.627572, -91.930820), along U.S. Route 278, which leads east t ...
. This was the beginning of a 50-year history of Westinghouse industrial and utility gas turbine development, prior to the sale by Westinghouse of the power generation business to Siemens, AG in 1998. Evolving from the Small Steam and Gas Turbine Division formed in the early 1950s, the Westinghouse Combustion Turbine Systems Division was located in Concordville, Pennsylvania, near Philadelphia and the old Lester, Pennsylvania plant, until it was relocated to Power Generation headquarters in Orlando, Florida in 1987. *Nuclear power: As a result of its participation in the US government's military program for nuclear energy applications (e.g., ''The Nuclear Navy'') Westinghouse was instrumental in the development and commercialization of nuclear energy systems for electric power generation. This business currently operates as the Westinghouse Electric Company and is owned by
Brookfield Business Partners Brookfield Business Partners L.P. is a publicly traded limited partnership and the primary public vehicle through which Brookfield Asset Management, its parent company, owns and operates the business services and industrial operations of its pr ...
of Canada. Electricite de France (EDF) a major global player in the nuclear power business, was a long-time licensee of the Westinghouse nuclear technology. *Industrial motors: Additional major industrial products in the widespread Westinghouse portfolio included electric motors of all sizes, elevators and escalators, controls and lighting. The Large Motor Division, once headquartered in Buffalo, NY, entered a joint venture with Taiwan Electric Co. (TECO) in the 1970s and today operates as TECO-Westinghouse. Much of Westinghouse's higher voltage power equipment was sold to ABB in 1989 and renamed the ABB Power T&D Company. *Rail transit: The Westinghouse Transportation Division (est. 1894) supplied equipment and controls for many North American interurban and streetcar lines, the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART), Washington DC METRO ( WMATA), New York City Subway (NYCT) equipment from the 1890s elevated era to the R68A in 1988, among many other heavy rail and rail transit systems and built locomotives, often in partnership with
Baldwin Baldwin is a Germanic name, composed of the elements ''bald'' "bold" and ''win'' "friend". People * Baldwin (name) Places Canada * Baldwin, York Regional Municipality, Ontario * Baldwin, Ontario, in Sudbury District * Baldwin's Mills, Qu ...
,
Lima-Hamilton Lima Locomotive Works was an American firm that manufactured railroad locomotives from the 1870s through the 1950s. The company took the most distinctive part of its name from its main shop's location in Lima, Ohio. The shops were located between ...
as well as supplying electrical and traction equipment for Fairbanks-Morse diesel locomotives. The division designed and built Automated People Movers (APMs) at several major U.S. airports, including Sea-Tac. Tampa, Dallas-Ft. Worth and Orlando. The Transportation Division was sold to
AEG Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft AG (AEG; ) was a German producer of electrical equipment founded in Berlin as the ''Deutsche Edison-Gesellschaft für angewandte Elektricität'' in 1883 by Emil Rathenau. During the Second World War, AEG ...
of Germany (1988), which merged into a joint venture of ABB and
Daimler Benz The Mercedes-Benz Group Aktiengesellschaft, AG (previously named Daimler-Benz, DaimlerChrysler and Daimler) is a German Multinational corporation, multinational automotive corporation headquartered in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It ...
named AdTranz in 1996. Ultimately, the unit was acquired by Bombardier of Canada in 2001 and is still headquartered in Pittsburgh. *Consumer electrics: Westinghouse was also a leader in the design and manufacturing of household electrical products including radios, televisions, and other audio/video equipment, and both small and large electric appliances of all kinds, from hair dryers and electric irons to clothes washers and dryers, refrigerators and air conditioning units. For many years Westinghouse was a familiar household name and favored brand. After more than 50 years, and after playing a strong No. 2 to rival General Electric for most of that time, Westinghouse decided to exit the appliance business in the mid- 1970s. White-Westinghouse was formed when White Consolidated acquired the Westinghouse appliance unit in 1975. *World's Fair time capsules: The company is also known for its time capsule contributions during the
1939 New York World's Fair The 1939–40 New York World's Fair was a world's fair held at Flushing Meadows–Corona Park in Queens, New York, United States. It was the second-most expensive American world's fair of all time, exceeded only by St. Louis's Louisiana Purchas ...
and
1964 New York World's Fair The 1964–1965 New York World's Fair was a world's fair that held over 140 pavilions and 110 restaurants, representing 80 nations (hosted by 37), 24 US states, and over 45 corporations with the goal and the final result of building exhibits or ...
. They also participated in the
St. Louis World's Fair The Louisiana Purchase Exposition, informally known as the St. Louis World's Fair, was an international exposition held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, from April 30 to December 1, 1904. Local, state, and federal funds totaling $15 milli ...
in 1904. They sponsored the Westinghouse Auditorium at the fair, where they showed films documenting Westinghouse products and company plants. Westinghouse was one of the original corporate sponsors and exhibitors at Walt Disney World's EPCOT attraction in Orlando, Florida.


Environmental incidents

There have been a number of Westinghouse-related environmental incidents in the US. Below is a short list of these. All of these are chemical pollution incidents; none of them involve nuclear reactors or nuclear pollution. *Sharon plant: The Westinghouse Sharon Plant was a 58-acre Westinghouse transformer production facility in
Mercer County, Pennsylvania Mercer County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 110,652. Its county seat is Mercer, and its largest city is Hermitage. The county was created in 1800 and later organized in 1803. Merce ...
. The EPA's recent Five Year Review Report (2016) of this Superfund site determined that the Shenango River has been polluted due to Westinghouse operations in this area. Because of the findings, the state of Pennsylvania has issued a "Do Not Eat" advisory for fish around the Westinghouse site. This plant was no longer operational after 1984. Westinghouse submitted their final cleanup plan in 1998, and further action beyond their dissolution has been liable to CBS. The transformer business unit was sold to ABB in 1989. This site now houses a product design company. *Adams County plant: Westinghouse was fined $5.5 million in 1996 for polluting groundwater in over 100 wells, as well as other water sources, while operating its Westinghouse Elevator Company plant in Adams County, Pennsylvania. Degreasers and other toxic chemicals were released over a 5-year period in the 1980s. This business unit was sold to Schindler in 1988. Future liability for cleanup has been directed to CBS following the dissolution of Westinghouse Electric Corporation in 1999. *Horseheads site: Westinghouse operated a cathode-ray tube plant in Horseheads, New York. They were deemed responsible for pollution at the Kentucky Avenue Wellfield Superfund site in Horseheads, New York. Westinghouse polluted nearby soil, affecting the safety of a nearby aquifer and wells used by residents. One phase of the cleanup effort describes Westinghouse Electric Corporation's facility, designated "Disposal Area F" and the "Former Runoff Basin Area," which are contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and arsenic, will be cleaned up using a combination of soil excavation and soil vapor extraction. At Disposal Area F, the area of contamination is about 0.3 acres. At the Former Runoff Basin Area, the contaminated soils cover approximately 0.7 acres. Disposal of the excavated soils occurred at appropriate off-site facilities. The removal of the PAHs and arsenic contamination will protect site workers and employees at the Westinghouse facility and the cleanup of the VOCs will help restore the quality of the Newtown Creek Aquifer. In 1986, Westinghouse entered a joint venture at this plant with Toshiba to produce CRTs. In 1989, Toshiba become part owner of this plant and the Westinghouse CRT business unit. Future liability has been shifted to CBS. *Sunnyvale plant: Westinghouse operated a plant which manufactured electronics for military systems in Sunnyvale, California. Groundwater and soil near this plant are contaminated with PCBs, fuels, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Potential health threats to area residents include accidentally ingesting or coming into direct contact with site contaminants in soil or groundwater. There are municipal drinking water wells within -mile from this site, and 300,000 people get their drinking water from within three miles of the site. This business unit was sold to Northrop Grumman in 1996. Future liability for this action has been passed on to CBS.


Timeline of company evolution


1880s

* 1884 – George Westinghouse begins developing a DC electric lighting system * 1885 – Westinghouse becomes aware of the new European transformer based alternating current systems when he reads about them in the UK technical journal ''Engineering'' * 1885 – William Stanley, Jr., working for Westinghouse, develops the first practical AC transformer * 1886 – ''Westinghouse Electric Company'' founded in East Pittsburgh * 1886 – William Stanley, Jr. installs the world's first operational transformer based multiple voltage transmission system, a demonstration lighting system in Great Barrington, Massachusetts * 1888 – development of an induction ampere-hour meter for alternating current developed by
Oliver B. Shallenberger Oliver Blackburn Shallenberger (May 7, 1860 – January 23, 1898) was an American electrical engineer and inventor. He is associated with electrical inventions related to alternating current. He is most noted for inventing the first successful al ...
* 1888 – licensing of Nikola Tesla's AC and
Induction motor An induction motor or asynchronous motor is an AC electric motor in which the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained by electromagnetic induction from the magnetic field of the stator winding. An induction mot ...
patents (Tesla was hired for one year as a consultant, but he quit after a few months). * 1889 – renames itself the ''Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company''


1890s

* 1891 – built world's first industrial AC system ( Ames Hydroelectric Generating Plant) * 1893 – supplied electric lights and power for World's Columbian Exposition and generators for Gettysburg Electric Railway * 1893 – Hired Bertha Lamme Feicht, the company's first female engineer. * 1894 – Transportation Division (rail equipment) founded * 1895 – installed hydropower AC generators at Adams Power Plant, Niagara Falls which supplied power to
Buffalo, New York Buffalo is the second-largest city in the U.S. state of New York (behind only New York City) and the seat of Erie County. It is at the eastern end of Lake Erie, at the head of the Niagara River, and is across the Canadian border from Sou ...
, completed 1896 * 1898 – Purchases Walker Mfg. Co of Cleveland, establishing main facility and plant in Cleveland which produces power-transmitting machinery, cable railway networks, castings and lighting * 1899 – founded
British Westinghouse British Westinghouse Electrical and Manufacturing Company was a subsidiary of the Pittsburgh, USA based Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. British Westinghouse would become a subsidiary of Metropolitan-Vickers in 1919; and after Metr ...
Electric and Manufacturing Company


1900s to 1920s

* 1901 – acquires Bryant Electric Company of
Bridgeport, Connecticut Bridgeport is the List of municipalities in Connecticut, most populous city and a major port in the U.S. state of Connecticut. With a population of 148,654 in 2020, it is also the List of cities by population in New England, fifth-most populous ...
, which continues operation as a subsidiary * 1901 – operation of first Westinghouse steam turbine generator installed at
Hartford Electric Light Company The Hartford Electric Light Company (HELCO) is a defunct electrical company that was located on Pearl Street in Hartford, Connecticut. It was merged with the Connecticut Power Company in 1958 and later these became Connecticut Light & Power. Its ...
* 1904 – with
Baldwin Baldwin is a Germanic name, composed of the elements ''bald'' "bold" and ''win'' "friend". People * Baldwin (name) Places Canada * Baldwin, York Regional Municipality, Ontario * Baldwin, Ontario, in Sudbury District * Baldwin's Mills, Qu ...
, markets
Baldwin-Westinghouse electric locomotives Baldwin, the locomotive manufacturer, and Westinghouse, the promoter of AC (alternating current) electrification, joined forces in 1895 to develop AC railway electrification. Soon after the turn of the century, they marketed a single-phase hig ...
and A.C. electrification of railroads, particularly to the New Haven Railroad * 1909 – introduces continuous-filament tungsten light bulb; ousts George Westinghouse as chairman during bankruptcy reorganization * 1914 – acquires
Copeman Electric Stove Company Copeman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Constance Copeman (1864–1953), English painter * Fred Copeman (1907–1983), English volunteer during the Spanish Civil War * Lloyd Groff Copeman (1881–1956), American inventor ...
in
Flint, Michigan Flint is the largest city and seat of Genesee County, Michigan, United States. Located along the Flint River, northwest of Detroit, it is a principal city within the region known as Mid Michigan. At the 2020 census, Flint had a population of ...
from
Lloyd Groff Copeman Lloyd Groff Copeman (December 28, 1881 – July 5, 1956) was an American inventor who devised the first electric stove and the flexible rubber ice cube tray, among other products. He had nearly 700 patents to his name, and he claimed that he cou ...
, moves it to Mansfield, Ohio and enters the home appliance market (sold in 1974 to White Consolidated Industries) * 1914 – George Westinghouse dies, with a legacy including 361 patents and the founding of 60 companies. * 1915 –
New England Westinghouse Company The New England Westinghouse Company is a former division of Westinghouse Electric. It was founded in 1915 in East Springfield, Massachusetts. Its primary purpose was to fulfill a contract to produce 1.8 million Mosin–Nagant rifles for Czar Ni ...
opens for business. First product is
Mosin–Nagant The Mosin–Nagant is a five-shot, bolt-action, internal magazine–fed military rifle. Known officially as the 3-line rifle M1891 and informally in Russia and former Soviet Union as Mosin's rifle ( ru , винтовка Мосина, ISO 9: ) ...
rifles for the Russian Czar's army. Within two years, the Bolsheviks overthrow the Russian Provisional Government and cancel a previous order of over 1 million rifles. Facing
bankruptcy Bankruptcy is a legal process through which people or other entities who cannot repay debts to creditors may seek relief from some or all of their debts. In most jurisdictions, bankruptcy is imposed by a court order, often initiated by the debtor ...
, Westinghouse is rescued by the American Government when it purchases the rifles for use by the military. * 1916 – share of British Westinghouse purchased by a British holding company, which becomes Metropolitan-Vickers * 1917 – builds steam turbine manufacturing plant in Lester, PA ( Tinicum Township) near the Philadelphia airport * 1919 – 8XE Pittsburgh experimental station goes on the air. * 1919 – Creates RCA with GE, AT&T and United Fruit, buys the American division of Marconi. * 1920 – Acquires International Radio Telegraph Company (formerly known as the National Electric Signaling Company) * 1921 – acquires the Pittsburg High Voltage Insulator Company * 1920s – enters the broadcasting industry, with stations like KDKA in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and WBZ in Massachusetts * 1926 – In partnership with GE and RCA founds NBC Broadcasting.


1930s and 1940s

* 1932 – announces Ignitron
mercury-arc rectifier A mercury-arc valve or mercury-vapor rectifier or (UK) mercury-arc rectifier is a type of electrical rectifier used for converting high-voltage or high-current alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). It is a type of cold cathode gas-fil ...
* 1934 – opens its Home of Tomorrow in Mansfield, Ohio, to demonstrate Westinghouse home appliances * 1935 – completes longest continuous electric steel annealing furnace in the world at Ford Motor Company,
Dearborn, Michigan Dearborn is a city in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. At the 2020 census, it had a population of 109,976. Dearborn is the seventh most-populated city in Michigan and is home to the largest Muslim population in the United States pe ...
* 1930s – funds invention of the magnetohydrodynamic generator * 1937 – builds first "industrial atom smasher", a 5 MeV Van de Graaff
electrostatic nuclear accelerator An electrostatic particle accelerator is a particle accelerator in which charged particles are accelerated to a high energy by a static high voltage potential. This contrasts with the other major category of particle accelerator, oscillating fie ...
* 1940s – enters aviation with airborne radar (defense electronics sold 1996), jet engine propulsion, and ground-based airport lighting, gets defense contract from U.S. military to produce plastic helmet liners for the M1 Helmet * 1941 – after years of resistance to the unionization efforts of its employees and to the
National Labor Relations Act The National Labor Relations Act of 1935, also known as the Wagner Act, is a foundational statute of United States labor law that guarantees the right of private sector employees to organize into trade unions, engage in collective bargaining, and ...
, signs a national labor agreement with the United Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers of America after a United States Supreme Court decision that upheld the Act. * 1943 – purchased the lamp division of Kentucky-Radio Corporation (Ken-Rad) in
Owensboro, Kentucky Owensboro is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Daviess County, Kentucky, United States. It is the fourth-largest city in the state by population. Owensboro is located on U.S. Route 60 and Interstate 165 about southwest of Lou ...
from Roy Burlew in exchange for 35,000 shares of Westinghouse stock valued at $1.6 million ($ million todaywhen?) * 1945 – renames itself the Westinghouse Electric Corporation and makes first automatic elevator. * 1945 – Westinghouse Aviation Gas Turbine Division (AGT) started * 1948 – "You Can Be Sure... If It's Westinghouse" in Time magazine ad


1950s to 1970s

* 1951 – conducts first live network TV in U.S. * 1952 – opens Cathode Ray Tube facility in
Horseheads Horseheads is a town in Chemung County, New York, United States. The population was 19,412 at the 2020 census. The name of the town is derived from the number of bleached horses' skulls once found there. Horseheads is north of the city of Elmi ...
, New York; facility housed three divisions: Cathode Ray Tube, Electronic Tube, and Industrial and Government Tube. * 1954 – enters finance as Westinghouse Credit Corporation * 1955 – buys KDKA-TV (then WDTV) and KYW (originally, and currently WTAM) radio Cleveland. KYW is now licensed to a TV and AM radio station in Philadelphia. * 1955 – Westinghouse J40 engine failure causes all F3H fighters using the engine to be grounded, and all other jets using it to switch to other engines. Westinghouse forced out of aircraft engine business. * 1957 – introduces first successful "cobra head" roadway luminaire, the OV-25, integrating both ballast and optics in a more streamlined modern design. * 1961 – acquires Thermo King (sold in 1997 to Ingersoll Rand) * 1964 – begins Skybus project; beginning of automated
mass transit Public transport (also known as public transportation, public transit, mass transit, or simply transit) is a system of transport for passengers by group travel systems available for use by the general public unlike private transport, typical ...
* 1965 – invention of the first MEMS device, buys Marketeer Electronic Vehicles * 1966 – founds Cinema Center Films * 1966 – starts housing and real estate development divisions * 1966 – buys a toy manufacturer * 1967 – lights America's first computer-controlled outdoor electric sign * 1967 – makes the lowest bid for the BART project * 1969 – buys 7-Up bottling * 1973 – develops world's first AMLCD displays * 1974 – sells well-known home appliance division to White Consolidated Industries which becomes White-Westinghouse * 1979 – withdraws from all oil related projects in the Middle East after
Iranian Revolution The Iranian Revolution ( fa, انقلاب ایران, Enqelâb-e Irân, ), also known as the Islamic Revolution ( fa, انقلاب اسلامی, Enqelâb-e Eslâmī), was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynas ...


1980s

* 1981 – acquires both cable television operator TelePrompter (sold 1985), Muzak (sold September 1986) and 50% of
Showtime Showtime or Show Time may refer to: Film * ''Showtime'' (film), a 2002 American action/comedy film * ''Showtime'' (video), a 1995 live concert video by Blur Television Networks and channels * Showtime Networks, a division of Paramount Global ...
for $576 million. * 1982 – acquires robot maker Unimation * 1982 – sells
street light A street light, light pole, lamp pole, lamppost, street lamp, light standard, or lamp standard is a raised source of light on the edge of a road or path. Similar lights may be found on a railway platform. When urban electric power distribution ...
division to
Cooper Lighting Cooper Industries was an American worldwide electrical products manufacturer headquartered in Houston, Texas. Founded in 1833, the company had seven operating divisions including Bussmann electrical and electronic fuses; Crouse-Hinds and CEAG ex ...
* 1983 – sells electric lamp division to Philips * 1984 – buys Unimation robotics for $105 million. * 1986 – buys Los Angeles TV station. * 1986 – Enters into joint venture with Airship Industries, Ltd. (London) to develop advanced lighter-then-air radar platforms and early warning surveillance
airship An airship or dirigible balloon is a type of aerostat or lighter-than-air aircraft that can navigate through the air under its own power. Aerostats gain their lift from a lifting gas that is less dense than the surrounding air. In early ...
for U.S. Navy in cooperation with its subsidiary TCOM Corp. located on the former
Naval Air Station Weeksville The Weeksville Dirigible Hangar (former Naval Air Station Weeksville) is an airship manufacturing, storage and test facility originally built by the United States Navy in 1941 for servicing airships conducting anti-submarine patrols of the US coast ...
in Elizabeth City, North Carolina * 1987 – buys radio stations in Sacramento and Chicago. * 1987 – buys electrical equipment, engineering and waste disposal divisions. * 1988 – sells elevator/escalator division to Schindler Group, now known as Schindler Elevator Corporation. * 1988 – Enters into joint venture with Taiwan Electric to build Electric motors; Taiwan Electric eventually becomes sole owner of business as TECO Motor Company * 1988 – spins Industrial and Government Tube Division off as Imaging and Sensing Technologies Corporation. * 1988 – closes the East Pittsburgh generator and Lester, PA turbine plants, which had once been the primary Westinghouse manufacturing facilities. * 1988 –
Bryant Electric The Bryant Electric Company was a manufacturer of wiring devices, electrical components, and switches founded in 1888 in Bridgeport, Connecticut, United States. It grew to become for a time both the world's largest plant devoted to the manufacture ...
subsidiary closed, assets sold to Hubbell in 1991 * 1988 – Transportation Division, including railroad (locomotive and mass transit) equipment business sold to
AEG Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft AG (AEG; ) was a German producer of electrical equipment founded in Berlin as the ''Deutsche Edison-Gesellschaft für angewandte Elektricität'' in 1883 by Emil Rathenau. During the Second World War, AEG ...
, later merged into Adtranz in 1996,
Bombardier Transportation Bombardier Transportation was a Canadian-German rolling stock and rail transport manufacturer, headquartered in Berlin, Germany. It was one of the world's largest companies in the rail vehicle and equipment manufacturing and servicing industry ...
in 2001 and
Alstom Alstom SA is a French multinational rolling stock manufacturer operating worldwide in rail transport markets, active in the fields of passenger transportation, signalling, and locomotives, with products including the AGV, TGV, Eurostar, Avelia ...
in 2021. * 1989 – sells transmission and distribution business to Asea Brown Boveri Group (ABB) * 1989 – buys Shaw-Walker Furniture and Reff Furniture. * 1989 – buys Legacy Broadcasting.


1990s to 2020s

* 1990 – buys Knoll International Furniture. * 1994 – buys United Technologies' Norden electronic systems. * 1994 – Cleveland operations and facilities purchased by
Eaton Corporation Eaton Corporation plc is an American-Irish multinational power management company with 2021 sales of $19.63 billion, founded in the United States with global headquarters in Dublin, Ireland, and a secondary administrative center in Beachwood, ...
for $1.6 billion. Cleveland Westinghouse facilities, as well as manufacturing plants converted into other commercial enterprises * 1994–95 – separates IT and phone service sales into Westinghouse Communications division * 1995 – under the leadership of Michael H. Jordan
buys Buys is a Dutch surname. It may refer to: *C. H. D. Buys Ballot, (1817-1890) Dutch chemist * Frieke Buys, Dutch swimmer * Izak Buys, Dutch cricket player *Jacobus Buys, (1724-1801) Dutch painter *Jenna-Anne Buys Jenna-Anne Buys (born 22 No ...
CBS for $5.4 billion ($ billion today) * 1996 – buys Infinity Broadcasting for $4.7 billion. * 1996 – sells Westinghouse Electronic Systems defense business to Northrop Grumman for $3 billion ($ billion today), becoming Northrop Grumman Electronic Systems * 1997 – sells Thermo King division to Ingersoll Rand * 1997 – buys American Radio Systems for $2.6 billion, increasing station network to 175. * 1997 – sells most non-broadcast operations; renames itself CBS Corporation as of December 1 * 1998 – sells its non-nuclear power generation and energy units to Siemens AG, which operated under the name Siemens Westinghouse until 2003. * 1998 – CBS Corporation creates Westinghouse Electric Corporation subsidiary to manage the Westinghouse brand * 1999 – sells remaining manufacturing asset, its nuclear energy business, to
BNFL British Nuclear Fuels Limited (BNFL) was a nuclear energy and fuels company owned by the UK Government. It was a manufacturer of nuclear fuel (notably MOX), ran reactors, generated and sold electricity, reprocessed and managed spent fuel (mainly ...
. * 1999 – buys
Outdoor Systems Outfront Media, Inc. is one of the largest outdoor media companies. It operates in markets including the United States and Canada. The Americas division is led by chief executive officer Jeremy Male. Outfront Media operates both billboards and ...
for $8.7 billion and King World Productions for $2.5 billion. * 1999 – CBS acquired by Viacom * 2006 – Viacom is split into two companies in January, with a new Viacom being spun off of the old Viacom company, and the old Viacom being renamed as CBS Corporation thus reviving Westinghouse's last name prior to sale and reversing the 1999 Viacom-CBS merger. * 2019 – Viacom and CBS Corporation remerge to form Paramount Global (known as ViacomCBS until 2022). * 2021 – Westinghouse Electric Corporation acquires the Westinghouse Trademark from ViacomCBS.


Employees


CEOs

* George Westinghouse, 1886–1909 * Edwin M. Herr, 1911–1929 * F.A. Merrick, 1929 – February 1938 * George H. Bucher, February 1938 – 1946 * Gwilym A. Price, 1946–1957 * Mark W. Cresap, Jr. 1957–1963 * Don Burnham, 1963–1975 * Robert Kirby, 1975–1983 * Douglas Danforth, December 1983 – December 1987 * John Marous, 1988 – June 29, 1990 * Paul Lego, June 30, 1990 – January 1993 * Gary Clark, January 1993 – July 1993 *
Michael Jordan Michael Jeffrey Jordan (born February 17, 1963), also known by his initials MJ, is an American businessman and former professional basketball player. His biography on the official NBA website states: "By acclamation, Michael Jordan is the g ...
, July 1993 – 1997


Other

* Guy Tripp, former Thomson-Houston employee who joined Westinghouse and became chairman of its board of directors in 1912.


Overseas subsidiaries

Westinghouse established subsidiary companies in several countries including
British Westinghouse British Westinghouse Electrical and Manufacturing Company was a subsidiary of the Pittsburgh, USA based Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. British Westinghouse would become a subsidiary of Metropolitan-Vickers in 1919; and after Metr ...
and Società Italiana Westinghouse in Vado Ligure, Italy. British Westinghouse became a subsidiary of Metropolitan-Vickers in 1919 and the Italian Westinghouse factory was taken over by
Tecnomasio Tecnomasio was an Italian scientific and precision instrument company founded in the 1860s. By the beginning of the 20th century the company has begun to produce electrical equipment. After financial problems in the early 1900s the company was acq ...
in 1921.


See also

*
List of Westinghouse locomotives Locomotives built or sold by the Westinghouse Electric Company Westinghouse's transportation division (rail equipment) was founded 1894 and sold to AEG 1988, later merged into Adtranz and Bombardier. Production of locomotives ended after the e ...
*
Mary-Ann (turbine generator) Mary-Ann was the nickname given to the first steam turbine used in a public utility to generate electricity in America. Hartford Electric Light Company of Hartford, Connecticut, realized an extra demand for electricity in 1900 and decided in 1901 ...
* Siemens Westinghouse, also known as Siemens Power Generation, Inc. * War of the currents * Westinghouse Electric Company *
Westinghouse Works, 1904 ''Westinghouse Works, 1904'' is a collection of American short silent films, each averaging about three minutes in length. The films were taken from April 18, 1904 to May 16, 1904 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and document various Westinghouse ma ...
* Westinghouse Broadcasting, also known as ''Group W'' * Westinghouse Lamp Plant * Westinghouse Combustion Turbine Systems Division * Westinghouse Aviation Gas Turbine Division * White-Westinghouse * Paramount Global * Westinghouse Licensing Corporation * Schindler Elevator Corporation


Notes


References


External links


Timeline of Westinghouse historical events

"Who Killed Westinghouse?"
– March 1998 ''Pittsburgh Post-Gazette'' series detailing Westinghouse's history and break-up
The Westinghouse Legacy
Pittsburgh Technology Council * *
Assembling a Generator, Westinghouse Works
1904
Westinghouse Electric Corporation Steam Division photograph collection
(1898–1964) at
Hagley Museum and Library The Hagley Museum and Library is a nonprofit educational institution in unincorporated New Castle County, Delaware, near Wilmington. Covering more than along the banks of the Brandywine Creek, the museum and grounds include the first du Pont ...

''A Fact History of Westinghouse'' (for the Golden Jubilee)

Westinghouse Power Generation Business Unit, A booklet prepared in 1993 as a statement of commitment of the Power Generation Business Unit (PGBU) to the future of Westinghouse's leading position in the industry
{{Authority control *01 Defunct mass media companies of the United States Electrical engineering companies of the United States Marine engine manufacturers Military communications Defunct locomotive manufacturers of the United States Manufacturing companies established in 1886 Manufacturing companies disestablished in 2000 1886 establishments in Pennsylvania 2000 disestablishments in Pennsylvania Predecessors of Paramount Global Nikola Tesla Former components of the Dow Jones Industrial Average Superfund sites in California Pittsburgh Labor History Engine manufacturers of the United States American companies established in 1886 American companies disestablished in 2000 Defunct manufacturing companies based in Pennsylvania Radio manufacturers