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Wendron ( kw, Egloswendron (village), Pluw Wendron (parish); historically St. Wendron) is a village and civil parish in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom, to the north of Helston. The parish population at the 2011 census was 2,743. The electoral ward of Wendron had a 2011 population of 4,936.


History

The parish of Wendron was part of the Hundred of
Kerrier Kerrier ( kw, Keryer) was a local government district in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It was the most southerly district in the United Kingdom, other than the Isles of Scilly. Its council was based in Camborne (). Other towns in the distr ...
and was originally bounded by the parishes of Illogan, Gwennap,
Stithians Stithians ( kw, Stedhyans), also known as St Stythians, is a village and civil parishes in England, civil parish in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It lies in the middle of the triangle bounded by Redruth, Helston and Falmouth, Cornwall, ...
, Constantine, Mawgan-in-Meneage, Gunwalloe, Sithney and Crowan. Until the mid 19th-century the parish of Wendron included the town of Helston and what are now the parishes of
Carnmenellis Carnmenellis Hill (or just Carnmenellis) gives its name to the area of west Cornwall in England, between Redruth, Helston and Penryn. The hill itself is situated approximately three miles (5 km) south of Redruth.Ordnance Survey: Landrang ...
and Pencoys. The parish of Carnmenellis was created in 1846; Helston in 1848; and Pencoys in 1881. Before 1284
Edmund Edmund is a masculine given name or surname in the English language. The name is derived from the Old English elements ''ēad'', meaning "prosperity" or "riches", and ''mund'', meaning "protector". Persons named Edmund include: People Kings and ...
, Earl of Cornwall, gave the church of Wendron, with its chapels, to Rewley Abbey near Oxford. Before this it had belonged to the Earl's, Manor of Helston, which included the whole parish. The church is cruciform but was enlarged in the 15th-century and is a grade I listed building. The church contains the brass of Warin Penhalluryk, rector of St Just, vicar of Wendron and Stithians, d. 1535. The holy well of St Wendrona is at
Trelill Trelill ( kw, Traughlille) is a hamlet in North Cornwall, United Kingdom. Trelill Tunnel carries the disused railway line to Wadebridge and Trelill Wood is in the valley of the River Allen. History Trelill was part of the larger St Kew parish. ...
and nearby was her chapel, which was licensed in 1427, at about the same date as the well. At Degibna, on
Loe Pool The Loe ( kw, An Logh), also known as Loe Pool, is the largest natural freshwater lake () in Cornwall, United Kingdom. The earliest recorded appearance of this simple name form was in 1337, when it was called "La Loo", but is mentioned as 'the ...
, was a chapel dedicated to St Degamanus. At Bodilly was a chapel of St Henry the Hermit (died 1120, feast day on 16 January). The Revd
G. H. Doble Gilbert Hunter Doble (26 November 1880 – 15 April 1945) was an Anglican priest and Cornish historian and hagiographer. Early life G. H. Doble was born in Penzance, Cornwall, on 26 November 1880. His father, John Medley Doble, shared his enthu ...
served for almost twenty years as the vicar of Wendron (1925–1945). Arthur Langdon (1896) recorded the existence of seven stone crosses in the parish, including two at Merther Uny. The other crosses were in the churchyard, and at Boderwennack, Bodilly, Manhay-vean and Trenethick. There is also an early cross-slab in the church. ;Merther Uny At Merther Uny was a quasi-parochial chapel of St Uny with its own cemetery. The farm called Marooney was recorded as Mertharuny in 1751 and Metheruny in 1756. In a circular garden still known as "the churchyard" in which human bones have been dug up are the remains of a small chapel. Nearby is "a magnificent Celtic cross of an enriched and most original design". This chapel is on the site of a very ancient church in honour of St Euny. After the Reformation it was allowed to decay. Arthur Langdon (1896) records two crosses at Merther Uny (one ''illustrated below right''). Arthur Langdon (1896) gave the following account of the Merther Uny crosses: "The cross stands ''in situ'' on the Merther Uny estate, on Polglaze Hill, by the left-hand side of the road from St. Wendron to Constantine. Formerly there was a road leading down to Merther Uny old churchyard, the entrance to which was close to the cross; but all traces of this road have now disappeared. A tradition is still believed in the neighbourhood that a man lies buried beneath the cross. The monolith is known locally as 'Meruny Cross'."--"The cross occupies its original site, near the south side of the entrance to the old churchyard, and stands on a base ... The cross has some very curious ornament, and in many points resembles that at Roche ..." ;Nonconformity There were Wesleyan Methodist chapels at Edgcumbe, Menhay,
Penmarth Penmarth ( kw, Pollmargh) is a hamlet in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom, about west of Penryn and about south of Redruth. The hamlet is often referred to as Carnmenellis, which it was signposted as in the 1970s, and for centuries before t ...
, Porkellis, Burrows,
Coverack Bridges Coverack Bridges ( kw, Ponskovrek) is a hamlet in southwest Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated southwest of Wendron in the valley of the River Cober just under one mile north of Helston.Ordnance Survey ''One-inch Map of Gre ...
, Degibna, Gweek and
Crelly Crelly is a moorland in the parish of Wendron in Cornwall Cornwall (; kw, Kernow ) is a historic county and ceremonial county in South West England. It is recognised as one of the Celtic nations, and is the homeland of the Cornish people ...
. There were Bible Christian chapels at Boskenwyn Downs and Carnkie; Wesleyan Methodist Free chapels at Trewenack and Four Lanes; and a Baptist chapel in Lower Town, now part of Helston. The Long Stone on
Prospidnick Prospidnick is a small village and hill in the parish of Sithney in Cornwall, United Kingdom. It lies 0.6 miles east of Crowntown and 2.6 miles west of Wendron by road. It is divided into Lower Prospidnick and Higher Prospidnick. History Variou ...
Hill is just to the east. The villages of Wendron Churchtown, Coverack Bridges, Lower Town, Trewennack, Gweek, Edgecumb, Menhay and Four Lanes were in the historic parish.


Mining

The Cornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape World Heritage Site is partly in Wendron parish. The earliest recorded record of mining is from 1326, where there was a mechanical tin smelter in the village of Penmarth. By the early 18th-century there were underground mines and in the 19th-century Wendron was an important tin-mining area. Severe unemployment was caused when mining declined and in 1878 the landowner, Lord Robartes, tried to help the unemployed by bringing uncultivated land into production. In 1883 there were just four mines working in the parish, but only one making a profit. Mengern Mine employed eighteen underground, around twelve on the surface dressing floors, and sold on average three tons of tin per month. New Trumpet was recently started and despite a lack of wealthy investors was expected to be successful. It was reported in March 1883 that the mine was producing excellent copper-ore and tin is expected below the copper, in the eastern part of the old Trumpet Consol sett. East Lovell was in debt to the tune of £5,100 and there was a proposal to sell the pumping engine and stamps, which were valued at £500. The fourth mine, The Lovell was drained by a water wheel in the Ninnis Valley with was said to be economical.


See also


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External links

* * {{authority control Civil parishes in Cornwall Mining in Cornwall Villages in Cornwall