Waterfall plots are often used to show how two-dimensional phenomena change over time.
A three-dimensional ''spectral waterfall plot'' is a plot in which multiple curves of data, typically
spectra, are displayed simultaneously. Typically the curves are staggered both across the screen and vertically, with "nearer" curves masking the ones behind. The result is a series of "mountain" shapes that appear to be side by side. The waterfall plot is often used to show how two-dimensional information changes over time or some other variable such as
rotational speed
Rotational frequency (also known as rotational speed or rate of rotation) of an object rotating around an axis is the frequency of rotation of the object. Its unit is revolution per minute (rpm), cycle per second (cps), etc.
The symbol fo ...
. Waterfall plots are also often used to depict ''
spectrogram
A spectrogram is a visual representation of the spectrum of frequencies of a signal as it varies with time.
When applied to an audio signal, spectrograms are sometimes called sonographs, voiceprints, or voicegrams. When the data are represen ...
s'' or ''cumulative spectral decay'' (CSD).
Uses
* The results of
spectral density estimation
In statistical signal processing, the goal of spectral density estimation (SDE) or simply spectral estimation is to estimate the spectral density (also known as the power spectral density) of a signal from a sequence of time samples of the si ...
, showing the spectrum of the signal at successive intervals of time.
* The
delayed response
Delay (from Latin: dilatio) may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media
* ''Delay 1968'', a 1981 album by German experimental rock band Can
* ''The Delay'', a 2012 Uruguayan film
People
* B. H. DeLay (1891–1923), American aviator and acto ...
from a
loudspeaker
A loudspeaker (commonly referred to as a speaker or speaker driver) is an electroacoustic transducer that converts an electrical audio signal into a corresponding sound. A ''speaker system'', also often simply referred to as a "speaker" or ...
or
listening room produced by
impulse response
In signal processing and control theory, the impulse response, or impulse response function (IRF), of a dynamic system is its output when presented with a brief input signal, called an impulse (). More generally, an impulse response is the reac ...
testing or
MLSSA.
* Spectra at different engine speeds when testing engines.
See also
*
Loudspeaker acoustics
Loudspeaker acoustics is a subfield of acoustical engineering concerned with the reproduction of sound and the parameters involved in doing so in actual equipment.
Engineers measure the performance of drivers and complete speaker systems to chara ...
*
Loudspeaker measurement
Loudspeaker measurement is the practice of determining the behaviour of loudspeakers by measuring various aspects of performance. This measurement is especially important because loudspeakers, being transducers, have a higher level of distorti ...
References
External links
Typical engine vibration waterfallWaterfall FFT Matlab script
Plots (graphics)
Audio engineering
Broadcast engineering
Sound production technology
Sound recording
Acoustics
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