Vivara is a satellite islet of

Procida Procida (; nap, Proceta ) is one of the Flegrean Islands off the coast of Naples in southern Italy. The island is between Cape Miseno and the island of Ischia. With its tiny satellite island of Vivara, it is a ''comune'' of the Metropolitan City ...

, one of the three main islands in the

Gulf of Naples The Gulf of Naples (), also called the Bay of Naples, is a roughly 15-kilometer-wide (9.3 mi) gulf located along the south-western coast of Italy (province of Naples, Campania region). It opens to the west into the Mediterranean Sea. It i ...

. (The other two are

Ischia Ischia ( , , ) is a volcanic island in the Tyrrhenian Sea. It lies at the northern end of the Gulf of Naples, about from Naples. It is the largest of the Phlegrean Islands. Roughly trapezoidal in shape, it measures approximately east to west ...

and

Capri Capri ( , ; ; ) is an island located in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the Sorrento Peninsula, on the south side of the Gulf of Naples in the Campania region of Italy. The main town of Capri that is located on the island shares the name. It has been ...

Geography

Vivara flanks Procida to the south-west and is connected to it by a bridge. Vivara is a crescent-shaped remnant ridge of an ancient volcanic crater, part of the

Phlegraean Fields The Phlegraean Fields ( it, Campi Flegrei ; nap, Campe Flegree, from Ancient Greek 'to burn') is a large region of supervolcanic calderas situated to the west of Naples, Italy. It was declared a regional park in 2003. The area of the calde ...

. It is now a nature reserve of , established under D.M. 24.06.02. In 1905, Giuseppe De Lorenzo described it thus:

History

Archaeological digs have uncovered fragments of

Mycenae Mycenae ( ; grc, Μυκῆναι or , ''Mykē̂nai'' or ''Mykḗnē'') is an archaeological site near Mykines in Argolis, north-eastern Peloponnese, Greece. It is located about south-west of Athens; north of Argos; and south of Corinth. Th ...

an/

Late Helladic Helladic chronology is a relative dating system used in archaeology and art history. It complements the Minoan chronology scheme devised by Sir Arthur Evans for the categorisation of Bronze Age artefacts from the Minoan civilization within a his ...

pottery together with Proto-Apennine and Apennine material, pointing to a

Middle Bronze Age The Bronze Age is a historic period, lasting approximately from 3300 BC to 1200 BC, characterized by the use of bronze, the presence of writing in some areas, and other early features of urban civilization. The Bronze Age is the second pri ...

trading site ( emporium). Surveys around the coast, have established sunken coastal installations, pointing to extensive fishing and trading facilities, now up to 18m below the waterline. It is assumed that the lowest of these installations predate the

Avellino eruption The Avellino eruption of Mount Vesuvius refers to a Vesuvian eruption in 1995 BC. It is estimated to have had a Volcanic Explosivity Index, VEI of 6, making it larger and more catastrophic than Vesuvius's more famous and well-documented Eruptio ...

of Vesuvius, while some of the later ones may be associated with the Late Helladic material found elsewhere around the island.Maria Luisa Putignano, Aldo Cinque, Alfredo Lozej et Claudio Mocchegiani Carpano, Late Holocene ground movements in the Phlegrean Volcanic District (Southern Italy): new geoarchaeological evidence from the islands of Vivara and Procida. Méditerranée. Journal of Mediterranean Geography 112, 2009, 43-50.

References

External links

Gruppo Naturalistico Isola di Vivara
Islands of Campania Volcanoes of Italy Campanian volcanic arc Tuff cones Phlegraean Fields {{Campania-geo-stub

Geography

History

See also

References

External links