Vitexin is an
apigenin
Apigenin (4′,5,7-trihydroxyflavone), found in many plants, is a natural product belonging to the flavone class that is the aglycone of several naturally occurring glycosides. It is a yellow crystalline solid that has been used to dye wool.
S ...
flavone
Flavone is an organic compound with the formula . A white solid, flavone is a derivative of chromone with a phenyl (Ph) substituent adjacent to the ether group. The compound is of little direct practical importance, but susbstituted derivatives, t ...
glucoside
A glucoside is a glycoside that is derived from glucose. Glucosides are common in plants, but rare in animals. Glucose is produced when a glucoside is hydrolysed by purely chemical means, or decomposed by fermentation or enzymes.
The name was o ...
, a chemical compound found in the
passion flower
''Passiflora'', known also as the passion flowers or passion vines, is a genus of about 550 species of flowering plants, the type genus of the family Passifloraceae.
They are mostly tendril-bearing vines, with some being shrubs or trees. They ...
, ''
Vitex agnus-castus
''Vitex agnus-castus'', also called vitex, chaste tree (or chastetree), chasteberry, Abraham's balm, lilac chastetree, or monk's pepper, is a native of the Mediterranean region. It is one of the few temperate-zone species of ''Vitex'', which is ...
'' (chaste tree or chasteberry), in the ''
Phyllostachys nigra
''Phyllostachys nigra'', common name, commonly known as black bamboo or purple bamboo ( zh, 紫竹), is a species of bamboo, native plant, native to Hunan, Hunan Province of China, and is widely cultivated elsewhere.
Growing up to tall by broa ...
'' bamboo leaves, in the
pearl millet
Pearl millet (''Cenchrus americanus'', commonly known as the synonym ''Pennisetum glaucum''; also known as 'Bajra' in Hindi, 'Sajje' in Kannada, 'Kambu' in Tamil, 'Bajeer' in Kumaoni and 'Maiwa' in Hausa, 'Mexoeira' in Mozambique) is the most w ...
(Pennisetum millet), and in
Hawthorn
Hawthorn or Hawthorns may refer to:
Plants
* '' Crataegus'' (hawthorn), a large genus of shrubs and trees in the family Rosaceae
* ''Rhaphiolepis'' (hawthorn), a genus of about 15 species of evergreen shrubs and small trees in the family Rosace ...
.
Metabolism
Goitrogenicity
Goitrogens are substances that disrupt the production of thyroid hormones. This triggers the pituitary to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which then promotes the growth of thyroid tissue, eventually leading to goiter.
Goitrogenic drugs ...
of millet flavones : Vitexin inhibits
thyroid peroxidase
Thyroid peroxidase, also called thyroperoxidase (TPO) or iodide peroxidase, is an enzyme expressed mainly in the thyroid where it is secreted into colloid. Thyroid peroxidase oxidizes iodide ions to form iodine atoms for addition onto tyrosine re ...
thus contributing to
goiter
A goitre, or goiter, is a swelling in the neck resulting from an enlarged thyroid gland. A goitre can be associated with a thyroid that is not functioning properly.
Worldwide, over 90% of goitre cases are caused by iodine deficiency. The term is ...
.
*
Vitexin beta-glucosyltransferase
In enzymology, a vitexin beta-glucosyltransferase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
:UDP-glucose + vitexin \rightleftharpoons UDP + vitexin 2"-O-beta-D-glucoside
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-glucose and vite ...
*
Vitexin 2"-O-rhamnoside 7-O-methyltransferase
In enzymology, a vitexin 2"-O-rhamnoside 7-O-methyltransferase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
:S-adenosyl-L-methionine + vitexin 2"-O-beta-L-rhamnoside \rightleftharpoons S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 7-O-methylvitexin 2"-O-bet ...
See also
*
Isovitexin
Isovitexin (or homovitexin, saponaretin) is a flavone. the apigenin-6-''C''-glucoside. In this case, the prefix 'iso' does not imply an isoflavonoid (the position of the B-ring on the C-ring), but the position of the glucoside on the flavone.
Na ...
(or homovitexin, saponaretin) is the apigenin-6-''C''-glucoside.
*
Orientin
Orientin is a flavone, a chemical flavonoid-like compound. It is the 8-C glucoside of luteolin.
Natural occurrences
Orientin is found in ''Adonis vernalis'', in ''Anadenanthera colubrina'' and ''Anadenanthera peregrina'', and in the ''Phyllostac ...
, the 3'-OH derivative
References
External links
Vitexin on RDchemicals.com
{{flavone
Flavone glucosides
C-glycoside natural phenols