![Flag of Vedensky District (2020)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Flag_of_Vedensky_District_%282020%29.png)
Vedeno (russian: Ведено; ce, Ведана, ''Vedana'') is a
rural locality
In general, a rural area or a countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities. Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements. Agricultural areas and areas with forestry typically are describ ...
(a ''
selo'') and the
administrative center
An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune
A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or ...
of
Vedensky District
Vedensky District (russian: Веде́нский райо́н; ce, Веданан кӏошт, ''Vedanan khoşt'') is an administrativeDecree #500 and municipalLaw #14-RZ district (raion), one of the fifteen in the Chechen Republic, Russia. It is ...
,
Chechnya
Chechnya ( rus, Чечня́, Chechnyá, p=tɕɪtɕˈnʲa; ce, Нохчийчоь, Noxçiyçö), officially the Chechen Republic,; ce, Нохчийн Республика, Noxçiyn Respublika is a republic of Russia. It is situated in the ...
.
Administrative and municipal status
Municipally, Vedeno is incorporated into
Vedenskoye rural settlement. It is the administrative center of the municipality and is one of the four settlements included in it. The village is also the administrative center of
Vedensky District
Vedensky District (russian: Веде́нский райо́н; ce, Веданан кӏошт, ''Vedanan khoşt'') is an administrativeDecree #500 and municipalLaw #14-RZ district (raion), one of the fifteen in the Chechen Republic, Russia. It is ...
.
Geography
![Map of Vedensky District (rural settlements)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Map_of_Vedensky_District_%28rural_settlements%29.png)
The village of Vedeno is located in the central part of Vedensky District, between the
Akhkinchu and
Khulkhulau rivers. It is located south-east of the city of
Grozny
Grozny ( rus, Грозный, p=ˈgroznɨj; ce, Соьлжа-ГӀала, translit=Sölƶa-Ġala), also spelled Groznyy, is the capital city of Chechnya, Russia.
The city lies on the Sunzha River. According to the 2010 census, it had a pop ...
.
The nearest settlements to Vedeno are
Ersenoy
Ersenoy (russian: Эрсеной, ce, Эрсана, ''Ersana'') is a rural locality (a '' selo'') in Vedensky District, Chechnya.
Administrative and municipal status
Municipally, Ersenoy is incorporated as Ersenoyskoye rural settlement. It ...
in the north-east,
Dyshne-Vedeno
Dyshne-Vedeno (russian: Дышне-Ведено, ce, Дишни-Ведана, ''Dişni-Vedana'') is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, rural locality (a ''village#Russia, selo'') in Vedensky District, Chechnya.
Administrative and muni ...
in the south-east,
Mekhkadettan-Irze Mekhkadettan-Irze ( ce, Мехкадаьттан-Ирзе, ''Mexkadättan-Irze''; russian: Нефтянка), also known by Russian name Neftyanka, is a rural locality (a '' selo'') in Vedensky District, Chechnya.
Administrative and municipal stat ...
in the south-west,
Eshilkhatoy
Eshilkhatoy (russian: Эшилхатой, ce, Эшилхата, ''Eşilxata'') is a rural locality (a '' selo'') in Vedensky District, Chechnya.
Administrative and municipal status
Municipally, Eshilkhatoy is incorporated into Vedenskoye rur ...
in the west, and
Zelamkhin-Kotar
Zelamkhin-Kotar ( ce, Зеламхин-КӀотар, ''Zelamxin-Khotar''; russian: Октябрьское), also known by Russian name Oktyabrskoye, is a rural locality (a '' selo'') in Vedensky District, Chechnya.
Administrative and municipal st ...
in the north-west.
The village is located at an average altitude of 722 meters above sea level. To the south, the Khoroch ridge rises above Vedeno, with the mountain peak of the same name.
The climate of Vedeno is humid and temperate, due to the proximity of the Main Caucasian Range. The average annual air temperature is +9.0°C and ranges from averages of +21.5°C in July, to −4.0°C in January. The average annual rainfall is around 660mm.
History
In the 19th century, Vedeno was the last capital of the
Caucasian Imamate
The Caucasian Imamate, also known as the Caucasus Imamate ( ar, إمامة القوقاز, translit=Imamat Al-Qawqaz), was a state established by the imams in Dagestan and Chechnya during the early-to-mid 19th century in the North Caucasus ...
, an Islamic territory which existed in the territory of
Dagestan
Dagestan ( ; rus, Дагеста́н, , dəɡʲɪˈstan, links=yes), officially the Republic of Dagestan (russian: Респу́блика Дагеста́н, Respúblika Dagestán, links=no), is a republic of Russia situated in the North C ...
and
Chechnya
Chechnya ( rus, Чечня́, Chechnyá, p=tɕɪtɕˈnʲa; ce, Нохчийчоь, Noxçiyçö), officially the Chechen Republic,; ce, Нохчийн Республика, Noxçiyn Respublika is a republic of Russia. It is situated in the ...
from 1829 to 1859.
In the mid-19th century,
Imam Shamil
Imam Shamil ( av, Шейх Шамил, Şeyx Şamil; ar, الشيخ شامل; russian: Имам Шамиль; 26 June 1797 – 4 February 1871) was the political, military, and spiritual leader of North Caucasian resistance to Imperial Russia in ...
led his guerrilla army in a twenty-year war against the Imperial Russian army and fought a last stand in Vedeno. The village was captured by Russian forces on 1 April 1859. As a result, a fortress was built in the village. During the
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...
, the settlement was the administrative capital of the
Vedensky Okrug of the
Terek Oblast
The Terek Oblast was a province (''oblast'') of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, roughly corresponding to the central part of Russia's North Caucasian Federal District. Тhe ''оblast'' was created out of the former territories of t ...
.
From September 1919 to March 1920, the village was the capital of the
North Caucasian Emirate
The North Caucasian Emirate (russian: Северо-Кавказский эмират ''Severo-Kavkazskiy emirat'') was a mainly Avar and Chechen Islamic state that existed in the territory of Chechnya and western Dagestan during the Russian Ci ...
, an Islamic state which appeared in the territory of Chechnya and western Dagestan. Money was printed for the emirate in Vedeno. There were several different types of paper used for the money, including pages from school books.
In 1944, after the genocide and deportation of the Chechen and Ingush people and the
Chechen-Ingush ASSR
The Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic; inh, Нохч-ГӀалгӀай Автономе Советий Социализма Республика, Noxç-Ġalġay Avtonome Sovetiy Socializma Respublika; russian: Чече́но-И ...
was abolished, Vedeno was one of the very few villages which was not renamed and had its original name preserved. However, on 7 June 1944, the Vedensky District was transferred to the
Dagestan ASSR
The Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic av, Дагъистаналъул Автономияб Советияб Социалистияб Жумгьурият az, Дағыстан Мухтар Совет Сосиалист Республи ...
, with Vedeno as the administrative center.
In 1957, after the Vaynakh people returned from the deportation, Vedensky District returned to the restored Chechen-Ingush ASSR with Vedeno as the district center.
During the
, Vedeno was under the control of the
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
The Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (; ce, Нохчийн Республик Ичкери, Nóxçiyn Respublik Içkeri; russian: Чеченская Республика Ичкерия; abbreviated as "ChRI" or "CRI") was a ''de facto'' state that ...
until 3 June 1995, when it was taken by Russian troops, who controlled it until the end of the war.
During the
Second Chechen War
The Second Chechen War (russian: Втора́я чече́нская война́, ) took place in Chechnya and the border regions of the North Caucasus between the Russia, Russian Federation and the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, from Augus ...
, on 17 November 1999, the Russian troops suffered their first losses in the mountain village. The
31st Separate Airborne Brigade lost 12 paratroopers in a battle here. Vedeno was taken again by Russian troops on 11 January 2000.
In August 2001, separatists engaged in a battle with Russian troops in the village, during which the military commandant's office was attacked.
In March 2006, more battles took place in the vicinity of Vedeno. More than 3,000 Chechen police and OMON units were sent there, and were opposed by the units of
Shamil Basayev
Shamil Salmanovich Basayev ( ce, Салман ВоӀ Шамиль ; russian: Шамиль Салманович Басаев; 14 January 1965 – 10 July 2006), also known by his kunya "Abu Idris", was a senior military commander in the Cheche ...
and
Dokku Umarov
Doku Khamatovich Umarov ( ce, Ӏумар Хьамади кӀант Докка, translit='Umar Ẋamadi khant Dokka, ; russian: Доку Хаматович Умаров, Doku Khamatovich Umarov; 13 April 1964 – 7 September 2013), also known as ...
.
Population
* 1959 Census: 1,606
* 1970 Census: 2,234
* 1979 Census: 2,282
* 1989 Census: 2,504
* 1990 Census: 2,540
* 2002 Census: 1,469
* 2010 Census: 3,186
* 2019 estimate: ?
According to the results of the 2010 Census, the majority of residents of Vedeno were ethnic Chechens (2,257 people, or 70.84%). Other significant groups are Russians (323 people), Avars (140 people), Lezgins (106 people), Tabasarans (58 people) and Kumyks (54 people). 234 people came from other ethnic backgrounds and 14 people did not specify their nationality.
Notable people
*
Ibragim-Bek Sarakaev
Ibragim-Bek Sarakaev (21 September 1883–1934) was one of the first Chechen writers and publicists, as well as a historian on the traditions and folklore of the Chechen people.
Biography
Sarakaev was born on September 21, 1883, in a fortress ...
, writer and historian
*
Shamil Basayev
Shamil Salmanovich Basayev ( ce, Салман ВоӀ Шамиль ; russian: Шамиль Салманович Басаев; 14 January 1965 – 10 July 2006), also known by his kunya "Abu Idris", was a senior military commander in the Cheche ...
, senior Chechen rebel leader of the
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
The Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (; ce, Нохчийн Республик Ичкери, Nóxçiyn Respublik Içkeri; russian: Чеченская Республика Ичкерия; abbreviated as "ChRI" or "CRI") was a ''de facto'' state that ...
References
{{Authority control
Rural localities in Vedensky District