district
A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...
of
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh (; , 'Northern Province') is a state in northern India. With over 200 million inhabitants, it is the most populated state in India as well as the most populous country subdivision in the world. It was established in 1950 ...
state in northern India. The city of
Unnao
Unnao is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Unnao district and a part of Lucknow division, between Kanpur and Lucknow. Unnao is a large industrial city with three industrial suburbs around it. ...
is the district headquarters. The district is part of Lucknow Division.
As of the 2011 census, Unnao district has a population of 3,108,367, making it the 31st-most populous district in Uttar Pradesh. It is a predominantly rural district, with over 80% of the population living in rural areas.
Unnao District is known as "The Land Of Pen and Sword" (कलम और तलवार की धरती).
History
Unnao district was created by the British upon their annexation of
Oudh State
The Oudh State (, also Kingdom of Awadh, Kingdom of Oudh, or Awadh State) was a princely state in the Awadh region of North India until its annexation by the British in 1856. The name Oudh, now obsolete, was once the anglicized name of ...
in February 1856. Before then, under the
Nawabs of Awadh
The Nawab of Awadh or the Nawab of Oudh was the title of the rulers who governed the state of Awadh (anglicised as Oudh) in north India during the 18th and 19th centuries. The Nawabs of Awadh belonged to a dynasty of Persian origin from Nishap ...
, the area was divided between several different districts or :
Purwa
Purwa is a town and nagar panchayat in Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 32 km southeast of Unnao, the district headquarters. Roads connect it with several major cities including Unnao, Lucknow, Kanpur, and Rae Bareli. As of 201 ...
covered the eastern part, and to the north were
Rasulabad
Rasulabad is a town and a nagar panchayat in Kanpur Dehat district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.
Geography
Rasulabad is located at . It has an average elevation of 131 metres (429 feet).
Demographics
India census, Rasulaba ...
and
Safipur
Safipur is a town and nagar panchayat in Unnao district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Located 27 km northwest of the city of Unnao, Safipur serves as a tehsil headquarters and is well-connected by roads to nearby towns. Founded in t ...
. The pargana of Auras, meanwhile, was part of the chakla of
Sandila
Sandila is a town and nagar palika parishad in Hardoi district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It serves as a tehsil headquarters within the district. Located midway between Hardoi and Lucknow, Sandila is a well-connected town with roads le ...
, and the parganas of
Baiswara
Baiswara is a subregion of Awadh in Uttar Pradesh, India, which includes parts of Unnao and Raebareli districts. Unnao and Raebareli districts are part of Baiswara state.
Baiswara is established by Bais Rajput king Abhaichand Bais. He was the 2 ...
were included in the chakla of the same name, whose headquarters were at
Rae Bareli
Raebareli is a city in Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Raebareli district and a part of Lucknow Division. The city is situated on the banks of the Sai river, southeast of Lucknow. It possesses many a ...
. After the British takeover, the district was originally called "Purwa district" with Purwa as its headquarters. This only lasted for a very short period before the headquarters were relocated to Unnao.
Early
Xuanzang
Xuanzang (, ; 602–664), born Chen Hui / Chen Yi (), also known as Hiuen Tsang, was a 7th-century Chinese Buddhist monk, scholar, traveler, and translator. He is known for the epoch-making contributions to Chinese Buddhism, the travelogue of ...
, the Chinese pilgrim to India, stayed at
Kannauj
Kannauj ( Hindustani pronunciation: ənːɔːd͡ʒ is a city, administrative headquarters and a municipal board or Nagar Palika Parishad in Kannauj district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The city's name is a corrupted form of the class ...
for 3 months in 636 AD. From here he journeyed a distance of about 26 km and reached the city of ''Nafotipokulo'' (Navadevakula) which stood on the eastern bank of Ganga. The city was about 5 km in circumference and had a Deva Temple, several Buddhist monasteries and Stupas.
Navadevakula has been identified with Nawal, 18 miles southeast of Kannauj.
After that period, this area's history is almost completely obscure, with only the traditions of the later
Rajput
Rajput (from Sanskrit ''raja-putra'' 'son of a king') is a large multi-component cluster of castes, kin bodies, and local groups, sharing social status and ideology of genealogical descent originating from the Indian subcontinent. The term Ra ...
families as a source. These traditions indicate that today's Unnao district was heavily divided between various groups: the
Bhar
The Bhar are a caste in India.
History
Influenced by the Arya Samaj movement, as were members of other castes, Baijnath Prasad Adhyapak published ''Rajbhar Jati ka Itihas'' in 1940. This book attempted to prove that the Rajbhar were former ...
s are said to have ruled in the eastern part, while the central part was inhabited by a mix of tribes including the
Lodh
The Lodhi (or Lodha, Lodh) is a community of agriculturalists, found in India. There are many in Madhya Pradesh, to where they had emigrated from Uttar Pradesh. The Lodhi are categorised as an Other Backward Class but claim Rajput ties and pref ...
Ahir
Ahir or Aheer are a community of traditionally non-elite pastoralists in India, most members of which identify as being of the Indian Yadav community because they consider the two terms to be synonymous. The Ahirs are variously described as a ...
s,
Thathera
The Thathera is a Hindu and Sikh artisan caste in India, who traditional occupation is the making of brass and copper utensils. In 2014, the craft of the Thathera community of Jandiala Guru were included in UNESCO’s List of Intangible Cultur ...
s,
Dhobi
Dhobi known in some places as Dhoba or Rajaka, Madivala is a group of community in India and the greater Indian subcontinent whose traditional occupations are washing and ironing, Cultivator, agricultural workers.
They are a large community, ...
s, and
Kurmi
Kurmi is traditionally a non-elite tiller caste in the lower Gangetic plain of India, especially southern regions of Awadh, eastern Uttar Pradesh and parts of Bihar. The Kurmis came to be known for their exceptional work ethic, superior tilla ...
s. The mud forts of their rulers are still pointed out, but none of them ruled over a very large area. In the north, the rulers were the
Rajpasi
The Pasi (also spelled Passi) is a Dalit (untouchable) community of India. Pasi refers to tapping toddy, a traditional occupation of the Pasi community. The Pasi are divided into Gujjar, Kaithwas, and Boria. They are classified as an Other Ba ...
s, whose capital was the city of Ramkot (now known as
Bangarmau
Bangarmau is a big city with Tehsil Bangarmau (earlier in Safipur), in the Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located on high ground overlooking the left bank of the Kalyani river, about 50 km northwest of Unnao and 22 km nor ...
). Finally, the area around
Safipur
Safipur is a town and nagar panchayat in Unnao district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Located 27 km northwest of the city of Unnao, Safipur serves as a tehsil headquarters and is well-connected by roads to nearby towns. Founded in t ...
was supposedly ruled by
Brahmin
Brahmin (; sa, ब्राह्मण, brāhmaṇa) is a varna as well as a caste within Hindu society. The Brahmins are designated as the priestly class as they serve as priests (purohit, pandit, or pujari) and religious teachers (guru ...
rajas (
Shukla
Shukla ( sa, शुक्ल) is a word of Sanskrit origin that means "bright" or "white". Similar to what goes for Shukla Paksha (शुक्लपक्ष) bright moonlight during waxing phase. Today it is a surname used by Brahmins in North In ...
), with Safipur originally being called "Saipur" after one of them.
Medieval
In the following centuries, the Rajputs were the main ruling class in this area. The Bais ruled in the south, the
Dikshit
Dikshit (ISO: , ; also spelled as Dixit or Dikshitar) is traditionally a Hindu family name.
Origin
The word is an adjectival form of the Sanskrit word ''diksha'', meaning provider of knowledge. ''Dikshita'' in Sanskrit derives itself as a person ...
s were prevalent in the central part (their family traditions call this the "kingdom of Dikhitana"), and the north was divided between several smaller clans. Muslim rule was never very strong here, and so the medieval history of Unnao district is essentially a collection of separate family traditions of the ruling Rajput clans, with no specific dates given.
The first major Muslim center in the region was Bangarmau, around the year 1300: according to tradition, one Sayyid Ala-ud-Din conquered the area from the raja of Nawal, then destroyed Nawal and built a new capital at Bangarmau. The shrine over his grave bears an inscription with the date of 702 AH (1302 CE). The next major Muslim conquest was Safipur, said to have happened in 819 AH; a different Sayyid Ala-ud-Din was killed in battle here, and his shrine is venerated by both Hindus and Muslims. His son, Baha-ud-Din, is then said to have later conquered
Unnao
Unnao is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Unnao district and a part of Lucknow division, between Kanpur and Lucknow. Unnao is a large industrial city with three industrial suburbs around it. ...
itself from the Bisen raja of the city, disguising his soldiers as women in order to take the raja's troops by surprise. Other Muslim outposts included Asiwan and
Rasulabad
Rasulabad is a town and a nagar panchayat in Kanpur Dehat district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.
Geography
Rasulabad is located at . It has an average elevation of 131 metres (429 feet).
Demographics
India census, Rasulaba ...
.
At the time of
Akbar
Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar (25 October 1542 – 27 October 1605), popularly known as Akbar the Great ( fa, ), and also as Akbar I (), was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605. Akbar succeeded his father, Hum ...
, the entire area of modern Unnao district was included in the sarkar of
Lucknow
Lucknow (, ) is the capital and the largest city of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and it is also the second largest urban agglomeration in Uttar Pradesh. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of the eponymous district and division ...
, in
Awadh Subah
The Oudh State (, also Kingdom of Awadh, Kingdom of Oudh, or Awadh State) was a princely state in the Awadh region of North India until its annexation by the British in 1856. The name Oudh, now obsolete, was once the anglicized name of ...
. It consisted of the following mahals:
Unnao
Unnao is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Unnao district and a part of Lucknow division, between Kanpur and Lucknow. Unnao is a large industrial city with three industrial suburbs around it. ...
Bangarmau
Bangarmau is a big city with Tehsil Bangarmau (earlier in Safipur), in the Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located on high ground overlooking the left bank of the Kalyani river, about 50 km northwest of Unnao and 22 km nor ...
,
Safipur
Safipur is a town and nagar panchayat in Unnao district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Located 27 km northwest of the city of Unnao, Safipur serves as a tehsil headquarters and is well-connected by roads to nearby towns. Founded in t ...
Jhalotar
Jhalotar is a village in Hasanganj block of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located just to the west of the Mohan, Uttar Pradesh, Mohan-Ajgain road, near a lake called Kundra Samundar. It hosts a weekly haat and has one primary school ...
,
Parsandan
Parsandan is a village in Nawabganj block of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It was historically the capital of a pargana, since at least the time of Akbar. As of 2011, its population is 3,946, in 778 households.
History
The exact circ ...
Purwa
Purwa is a town and nagar panchayat in Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 32 km southeast of Unnao, the district headquarters. Roads connect it with several major cities including Unnao, Lucknow, Kanpur, and Rae Bareli. As of 201 ...
(then called Ranbhirpur),
Mauranwan
Maurawan, also spelled Mauranwan, is a town and nagar panchayat in Purwa tehsil of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 12 km from Purwa on the road to Raebareli, and 3 km to the southwest of the town is the large Basaha ...
,
Saron
SARON stands for Swiss Average Rate Overnight and represents the overnight interest rate of the secured funding market for the Swiss Franc (CHF). (Swiss Average Rate Overnight) is an overnight interest rates average referencing the Swiss Fra ...
Magrayar
Magrayar is a village in Bighapur block of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Located 7km from Bighapur, Magrayar hosts a market on Mondays and Thursdays and was historically the seat of a pargana since at least the late 1500s. As of 2011, Ma ...
,
Panhan
Panhan, also called Panhan Khas, is a small village in Purwa block of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Located due south of Purwa and a bit to the west of the Loni River, it historically was the seat of a pargana. As of 2011, the village's p ...
, Patan,
Ghatampur
Ghatampur is a town and a municipal board in Kanpur Nagar district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located near main industrial and educational hubs of the state Kanpur at a distance of 40 km.
History
About 15 km North-E ...
, and finally
Asoha
Asoha is a village in Purwa tehsil of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located about 16 km north of Purwa, the tehsil headquarters, and 51 km east of Unnao, the district headquarters. The main crops grown here are wheat, barl ...
. This administrative setup remained almost unaltered through the 20th century, although there were a few changes. For example, the pargana of
Pariar
Pariyar, also spelled Pariar, is a village in Sikandarpur Sarausi block of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located on the left bank of the Ganges, 23km northwest of the city of Unnao. Nearby the village is the Mahua lake. Pariyar hol ...
was formed from parts of Sarosi and Safipur in 1785, and then in the 1800s the pargana of Sarosi became known as Sikandarpur instead (
C.A. Elliott
CA or ca may refer to:
Businesses and organizations Companies
* Air China (IATA airline code CA)
* CA Technologies, a U.S. software company
* Cayman Airways, a Cayman Islands airline
* Channel America, a defunct U.S. television network
* Classi ...
wrote in 1862 that it had "recently become habitual" at that time). As another example,
Daundia Khera
Sangrampur, also called Daundia Khera, is a village in Sumerpur, Unnao, Sumerpur block of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Located on the high bank of the Naurahi river a bit to the west of the main Unnao-Dalmau road, it is most notable for i ...
was formed out of Unchgaon and Sidhupur by
Rao Mardan Singh __NOTOC__
Rao may refer to:
Geography
* Rao, West Sumatra, one of the districts of West Sumatra, Indonesia
* Råö, a locality in Kungsbacka Municipality, Halland County, Sweden
Transport
* Dr. Leite Lopes–Ribeirão Preto State Airport , ...
around 1800.
Modern
There are few references to this area during the later Mughal period, but they become more numerous during under the Nawabs of Awadh. The Nawabs originally maintained a strong central authority over the region, with most of the local zamindars submitting to them without putting up a fight, but gradually their authority here diminished, and the local rulers became practically independent. Under the Nawabi administrative setup, the area covered by today's Unnao district was divided between several districts or : Purwa, Rasulabad, and Safipur were based here, while Sandila and Baiswara were based outside of the present district but included some of its territory.
When the British annexed Awadh in 1856, they established a new district based at Purwa, but the district headquarters were relocated to Unnao soon after. Unnao was chosen for its central location, and the Deputy Commissioner had been posted here even during the short time when Purwa was the headquarters And district kachhri in Tikargarhi village this located in central unnao area. At first, the new district was smaller than it is today, with only 13 parganas. In 1869, however, it became much larger: the 7 parganas of Baiswara (Panhan, Patan, Bihar, Bhagwantnagar, Magrayar, Ghatampur, and Daundia Khera) were transferred into Unnao district (from
Rae Bareli district
Raebareli district is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The city of Raebareli is the district headquarters. This district is a part of Lucknow Division in Uttar Pradesh state. The total area of Raebareli district is 3,371 S ...
), where they became part of the tehsil of Purwa. Also in 1869, the pargana of Auras-Mohan was transferred here from
Lucknow district
Lucknow district is a district located in the state of Uttar Pradesh in northern India. The city of Lucknow is the district headquarters and the district is part of Lucknow Division. It also is the capital of Uttar Pradesh Lucknow is Bounded on ...
, and Mohan became the seat of a tehsil (replacing Nawabganj).
Some fighting during 1857
sepoy mutiny
The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a major uprising in India in 1857–58 against the rule of the British East India Company, which functioned as a sovereign power on behalf of the British Crown. The rebellion began on 10 May 1857 in the for ...
took place in this area. Following the mutiny, the civil administration was re-established in the district which was named district Unnao, with headquarters at Unnao. The size of the district was however small until 1869, when it assumed its present form. The same year the town of Unnao was constituted a Municipality.
Economy
In 2006 the
Ministry of Panchayati Raj
The Ministry of Panchayati Raj is a branch of the Government of India. Ministry of Panchayati Raj looks into all matters relating to the Panchayati Raj and Panchayati Raj Institutions. It was created in May 2004. The ministry is headed by a m ...
tehsil
A tehsil (, also known as tahsil, taluka, or taluk) is a local unit of administrative division in some countries of South Asia. It is a subdistrict of the area within a district including the designated populated place that serves as its administr ...
s:
Unnao
Unnao is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Unnao district and a part of Lucknow division, between Kanpur and Lucknow. Unnao is a large industrial city with three industrial suburbs around it. ...
,
Hasanganj
Hasanganj is a village and tehsil headquarters in Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located near Mohan, Uttar Pradesh, Mohan, at a road junction leading to Miyanganj and Rasulabad, Unnao, Rasulabad. As of 2011, its population is 4,658 ...
,
Safipur
Safipur is a town and nagar panchayat in Unnao district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Located 27 km northwest of the city of Unnao, Safipur serves as a tehsil headquarters and is well-connected by roads to nearby towns. Founded in t ...
,
Purwa
Purwa is a town and nagar panchayat in Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 32 km southeast of Unnao, the district headquarters. Roads connect it with several major cities including Unnao, Lucknow, Kanpur, and Rae Bareli. As of 201 ...
, and
Bighapur
Bighapur is a town and nagar panchayat in Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh, India. First officially classified as a town for the 1981 census, it now serves as a tehsil headquarters(established in Patan). Important items manufactured here include ...
. These are further subdivided into 16
community development block
In India, a Community development block (CD block) or simply Block is a sub-division of Tehsil, administratively earmarked for planning and development. The area is administered by a Block Development Officer (BDO), supported by several technic ...
s, as follows:
*
Safipur
Safipur is a town and nagar panchayat in Unnao district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Located 27 km northwest of the city of Unnao, Safipur serves as a tehsil headquarters and is well-connected by roads to nearby towns. Founded in t ...
tehsil:
**
Ganj Moradabad
Ganj Muradabad is a town and nagar panchayat in Safipur tehsil of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It also serves as the headquarters of a community development block containing 86 rural villages. Handicrafts are a major industry here. As of ...
block
**
Bangarmau
Bangarmau is a big city with Tehsil Bangarmau (earlier in Safipur), in the Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located on high ground overlooking the left bank of the Kalyani river, about 50 km northwest of Unnao and 22 km nor ...
block
**
Fatehpur Chaurasi
Fatehpur Chaurasi is a town and a nagar panchayat in Unnao district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. First officially classified as a town for the 1981 Census of India, 1981 census, Fatehpur Chaurasi is located on the north bank of the Kaly ...
block
**
Safipur
Safipur is a town and nagar panchayat in Unnao district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Located 27 km northwest of the city of Unnao, Safipur serves as a tehsil headquarters and is well-connected by roads to nearby towns. Founded in t ...
block
*
Hasanganj
Hasanganj is a village and tehsil headquarters in Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located near Mohan, Uttar Pradesh, Mohan, at a road junction leading to Miyanganj and Rasulabad, Unnao, Rasulabad. As of 2011, its population is 4,658 ...
Mianganj
Miyanganj, also spelled Mianganj, is a village and corresponding community development block in Hasanganj tehsil of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located on the road from Lucknow to Bangarmau, just to the west of the crossroads with ...
block
**
Hasanganj
Hasanganj is a village and tehsil headquarters in Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located near Mohan, Uttar Pradesh, Mohan, at a road junction leading to Miyanganj and Rasulabad, Unnao, Rasulabad. As of 2011, its population is 4,658 ...
Unnao
Unnao is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Unnao district and a part of Lucknow division, between Kanpur and Lucknow. Unnao is a large industrial city with three industrial suburbs around it. ...
tehsil:
**
Sikandarpur Sarausi
Sikandarpur Sarausi is a community development block in Unnao tehsil of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It consists of 96 rural villages, with a total population of 185,779 people.
Historically, there was a pargana of Sarosi, which was creat ...
block
**
Bichhiya
Bichhiya is a village in Bajura District in the Seti Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census
The 1991 Nepal census was a widespread national census conducted by the Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics.
Working with Nepa ...
block
**
Sikandarpur Karan
Sikandarpur Karan is a village and corresponding community development block in Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh, India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and depende ...
block
*
Purwa
Purwa is a town and nagar panchayat in Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 32 km southeast of Unnao, the district headquarters. Roads connect it with several major cities including Unnao, Lucknow, Kanpur, and Rae Bareli. As of 201 ...
tehsil:
**
Asoha
Asoha is a village in Purwa tehsil of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located about 16 km north of Purwa, the tehsil headquarters, and 51 km east of Unnao, the district headquarters. The main crops grown here are wheat, barl ...
block
**
Purwa
Purwa is a town and nagar panchayat in Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 32 km southeast of Unnao, the district headquarters. Roads connect it with several major cities including Unnao, Lucknow, Kanpur, and Rae Bareli. As of 201 ...
block
**
Hilauli
Hilauli is a village in Purwa tehsil of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located on the road from Maurawan to Bachhrawan in Rae Bareli district, near the banks of the Sai. Hilauli hosts a market twice per week, on sunday and Thursda ...
block
*
Bighapur
Bighapur is a town and nagar panchayat in Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh, India. First officially classified as a town for the 1981 census, it now serves as a tehsil headquarters(established in Patan). Important items manufactured here include ...
tehsil:
**
Bighapur
Bighapur is a town and nagar panchayat in Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh, India. First officially classified as a town for the 1981 census, it now serves as a tehsil headquarters(established in Patan). Important items manufactured here include ...
block
**
Sumerpur
Sumerpur is a city in the south part of Pali District of Rajasthan state in India. Named after Maharaja Sumer Singh of Jodhpur, it came into existence in 1912 on the northern bank of Jawai river. The town is headquarters of the Sumerpur reven ...
block
The current elected representative from Unnao to the
Lok Sabha
The Lok Sabha, constitutionally the House of the People, is the lower house of India's bicameral Parliament, with the upper house being the Rajya Sabha. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by an adult universal suffrage and a first-past ...
, in the
Parliament of India
The Parliament of India (International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration, IAST: ) is the supreme legislative body of the Republic of India. It is a bicameralism, bicameral legislature composed of the president of India and two houses: the R ...
Vidhan Sabha
The State Legislative Assembly, or Vidhan Sabha, or also Saasana Sabha, is a legislative body in the states and union territories of India. In the 28 states and 3 union territories with a unicameral state legislature, it is the sole legislati ...
seats, namely Unnao, Purwa, Bhagwantnagar, Mohan, Safipur and Bangarmau. However, after delimitation in 2008, areas under Harha were merged with other Vidhan Sabha seats. Thus, the district now has only 6 Vidhan Sabha seats. Other prominent
Qasba
A kasbah (, also ; ar, قَـصَـبَـة, qaṣaba, lit=fortress, , Maghrebi Arabic: ), also spelled qasba, qasaba, or casbah, is a fortress, most commonly the citadel or fortified quarter of a city. It is also equivalent to the term ''alc ...
of Unnao include Karowan B.K., Safipur, Neotani, Asiwan, Bangarmau, Mohaan, Magarwara, Shuklaganj, Purwa Maurawan, and
Baksar
Baksar is a village in Sumerpur block of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. The southernmost village in the district, Baksar is located on the bank of the Ganges at a spot where it flows slightly northward. Because of this, the river is co ...
. The district magistrate is Ravindra Kumar.
The Unnao Lok Sabha Constituency had the largest number of registered voters for the
2009 Lok Sabha elections
9 (nine) is the natural number following and preceding .
Evolution of the Arabic digit
In the beginning, various Indians wrote a digit 9 similar in shape to the modern closing question mark without the bottom dot. The Kshatrapa, Andhra and ...
, post de-limitation, with about 1.9 million voters, making it India's largest parliamentary seat.
Member of Legislative Council—Kanpur Graduate Seat---Arun Pathak (BJP, elected 23/01/2015) (Kanpur city, Kanpur Dehat and Unnao districts are represented by this seat).
Municipalities
The district has 18 statutory towns, including 3
Nagar Palika Parishad
In India, a Municipal Council (also known as Municipality, Nagar Palika, or Nagar Palika Parishad) is an Urban Local Body that administers a city of population 100,000 or more. However, there are exceptions to that, as previously Nagar Palikas co ...
s (municipal boards) and 15
Nagar Panchayat
A nagar panchayat (town panchayat; ) or Notified Area Council (NAC) in India is a settlement in transition from rural to urban and therefore a form of an urban political unit comparable to a municipality. An urban centre with more than 12,000 ...
s, as listed below:
Unnao district also has 3
census town
In India and some other countries, a census town is designated as a town that satisfies certain characteristics.
India
In India, a census town is one which is not statutorily notified and administered as a town, but nevertheless whose population ...
s, which are not full municipalities but are otherwise counted as urban areas:
population
Population typically refers to the number of people in a single area, whether it be a city or town, region, country, continent, or the world. Governments typically quantify the size of the resident population within their jurisdiction using a ...
of 3,108,367, roughly equal to the nation of Mongolia or the US state of
Iowa
Iowa () is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States, bordered by the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri River and Big Sioux River to the west. It is bordered by six states: Wisconsin to the northeast, Illinois to the ...
. This gives it a ranking of 31st in Uttar Pradesh and 112th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of , which is lower than Uttar Pradesh as a whole. Its
population growth rate
Population growth is the increase in the number of people in a population or dispersed group. Actual global human population growth amounts to around 83 million annually, or 1.1% per year. The global population has grown from 1 billion in 1800 to ...
over the decade 2001-2011 was 15.19%. The district's population is 82.9% rural and 17.1% urban as of 2011. Unnao district has a
sex ratio
The sex ratio (or gender ratio) is usually defined as the ratio of males to females in a population. As explained by Fisher's principle, for evolutionary reasons this is typically about 1:1 in species which reproduce sexually. Many species devia ...
of 906
females
Female (symbol: ♀) is the sex of an organism that produces the large non-motile ova (egg cells), the type of gamete (sex cell) that fuses with the male gamete during sexual reproduction.
A female has larger gametes than a male. Females ...
for every 1,000 males, which is the 30th-highest in the state. It also has a
literacy rate
Literacy in its broadest sense describes "particular ways of thinking about and doing reading and writing" with the purpose of understanding or expressing thoughts or ideas in written form in some specific context of use. In other words, huma ...
of 66.4%, which is the 47th-highest in the state. Scheduled Castes made up 30.51% of the population.
Languages
At the time of the
2011 Census of India
The 2011 Census of India or the 15th Indian Census was conducted in two phases, house listing and population enumeration. The House listing phase began on 1 April 2010 and involved the collection of information about all buildings. Information ...
, 97.59% of the population in the district spoke
Hindi
Hindi (Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been de ...
Awadhi
Awadhi (; ), also known as Audhi (), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in northern India and Nepal. It is primarily spoken in the Awadh region of present-day Uttar Pradesh, India. The name ''Awadh'' is connected to Ayodhya, the ancient city, w ...
, a vernacular in the
Hindi
Hindi (Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been de ...
continuum
Continuum may refer to:
* Continuum (measurement), theories or models that explain gradual transitions from one condition to another without abrupt changes
Mathematics
* Continuum (set theory), the real line or the corresponding cardinal number ...
spoken by over 38 million people, mainly in the
Awadh
Awadh (), known in British historical texts as Avadh or Oudh, is a region in the modern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, which was before independence known as the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh. It is synonymous with the Kośāla region of ...
region.
Education
The district follows the usual 10+2+3 pattern of education, as elsewhere in India. Some notable schools and institutions of the district are:
* Adarsh Vidya Mandir, Geeta Puram, Unnao
* Ben-Hur Inter College, Unnao
* Brilliant Academy Inter College, Unnao
* Government Inter College
* St. Jude's Inter College, Unnao
* St. Lawrence School
* Saraswati Vidya Mandir Inter College (S.V.M.I.C.), Pooran Nagar, Unnao
* Vivekanand Sarswati Shishu Mandir Inter College (V.S.S.M.I.C), Moti Nagar, Unnao
2013 gold treasure incident
In October 2013,
Archaeological Survey of India
The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) is an Indian government agency that is responsible for archaeological research and the conservation and preservation of cultural historical monuments in the country. It was founded in 1861 by Alexande ...
took up the excavation near Daundia Khera village in Unnao district amid reports of over 1000 tonnes of gold deposits buried beneath the ruins of an old fort, which belonged to
Ram Baksh Singh
Raja Rao Ram Baksh Singh was a Bais Rajput Rajput Raja Rao of Daundia Khera in Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh in the then Oudh province that was a vassal state of the British East India Company. He was one of the leaders of the Sepoy Mutiny ...
, a revolutionary of 1857. The preliminary investigation of ASI and GSI also confirmed a non-magnetic anomalous zone occurring at 5–20 m depth indicative of possible non-conducting, metallic contents and/or some alloys.
Notable personalities
*
Gaya Prasad Shukla
Gaya may refer to:
Geography Czech Republic
*Gaya (German and Latin), Kyjov (Hodonín District), a town
Guinea
* Gaya or Gayah, a town
India
*Gaya, India, a city in Bihar
**Gaya Airport
*Bodh Gaya, a town in Bihar near Gaya
*Gaya district, Bi ...