The University of Michigan Law School (Michigan Law) is the
law school
A law school (also known as a law centre or college of law) is an institution specializing in legal education, usually involved as part of a process for becoming a lawyer within a given jurisdiction.
Law degrees Argentina
In Argentina, ...
of the
University of Michigan
, mottoeng = "Arts, Knowledge, Truth"
, former_names = Catholepistemiad, or University of Michigania (1817–1821)
, budget = $10.3 billion (2021)
, endowment = $17 billion (2021)As o ...
, a
public
In public relations and communication science, publics are groups of individual people, and the public (a.k.a. the general public) is the totality of such groupings. This is a different concept to the sociological concept of the ''Öffentlichkei ...
research university
A research university or a research-intensive university is a university that is committed to research as a central part of its mission. They are the most important sites at which knowledge production occurs, along with "intergenerational kno ...
in
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Ann Arbor is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan and the county seat of Washtenaw County, Michigan, Washtenaw County. The 2020 United States census, 2020 census recorded its population to be 123,851. It is the principal city of the Ann Arbor ...
. Founded in 1859, the school offers
Master of Laws
A Master of Laws (M.L. or LL.M.; Latin: ' or ') is an advanced postgraduate academic degree, pursued by those either holding an undergraduate academic law degree, a professional law degree, or an undergraduate degree in a related subject. In mos ...
(LLM), Master of Comparative Law (MCL),
Juris Doctor
The Juris Doctor (J.D. or JD), also known as Doctor of Jurisprudence (J.D., JD, D.Jur., or DJur), is a graduate-entry professional degree in law
and one of several Doctor of Law degrees. The J.D. is the standard degree obtained to practice law ...
(JD), and
Doctor of the Science of Law (SJD) degree programs.
Generally considered to be one of the most prestigious public law schools in the United States, Michigan Law has ranked among the top 14 law schools in the country every year since the
U.S News Rankings were first released in 1987. In the 2023 U.S. News ranking, Michigan Law ranked 10th overall.
Notable alumni include U.S. Supreme Court Justices
Frank Murphy
William Francis Murphy (April 13, 1890July 19, 1949) was an American politician, lawyer and jurist from Michigan. He was a Democrat who was named to the Supreme Court of the United States in 1940 after a political career that included serving ...
,
William Rufus Day, and
George Sutherland
George Alexander Sutherland (March 25, 1862July 18, 1942) was an English-born American jurist and politician. He served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court between 1922 and 1938. As a member of the Republican Party, he also repre ...
, as well as a number of heads of state and corporate executives. Approximately 98% of Class of 2019 graduates were employed within ten months of graduation; its bar passage rate in 2018 was 93.8%.
The school enrolls about 1020 students and employs about 81 full-time faculty members (60 tenured and tenure-track and 21 in clinical and legal practice).
History
![Law Building, U](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Law_Building%2C_U._of_M.%2C_Ann_Arbor%2C_Mich._%28NBY_7895%29.jpg)
The law school was founded in 1859. By 1870, it was the largest law school in the country.
In 1870, Gabriel Franklin Hargo graduated from Michigan Law as the second African American to graduate from law school in the United States. In 1871
Sarah Killgore
Sarah Killgore Wertman, née Killgore (1 March 1843, Jefferson, Indiana - 21 May 1935, Seattle, Washington) was an American lawyer. She was the first woman to both graduate from law school and be admitted to the bar of any state in the United Sta ...
, a Michigan Law graduate, became the first woman to both graduate from law school and be admitted to the
bar
Bar or BAR may refer to:
Food and drink
* Bar (establishment), selling alcoholic beverages
* Candy bar
* Chocolate bar
Science and technology
* Bar (river morphology), a deposit of sediment
* Bar (tropical cyclone), a layer of cloud
* Bar (u ...
.
Although the law school is part of the public
University of Michigan
, mottoeng = "Arts, Knowledge, Truth"
, former_names = Catholepistemiad, or University of Michigania (1817–1821)
, budget = $10.3 billion (2021)
, endowment = $17 billion (2021)As o ...
, less than 2% of the law school's expenses are covered by state funds. The remainder (97–98% of Michigan Law's budget) is supplied by private gifts, tuition, and endowments.
In 2009, Michigan Law began a $102 million enterprise to construct a new law building that would remain loyal to the
English Gothic
English Gothic is an architectural style that flourished from the late 12th until the mid-17th century. The style was most prominently used in the construction of cathedrals and churches. Gothic architecture's defining features are pointed ar ...
style. The enterprise was fully funded by endowments and private gifts. 2009 also marked the school's sesquicentennial celebration. As a part of the festivities,
Chief Justice John Roberts
John Glover Roberts Jr. (born January 27, 1955) is an American lawyer and jurist who has served as the 17th chief justice of the United States since 2005. Roberts has authored the majority opinion in several landmark cases, including ''Nati ...
visited the school and participated in the groundbreaking ceremony for the new building. The building was dedicated in 2012 and called South Hall. In December 2018, South Hall was renamed Jeffries Hall, after a record $33 million donation from real estate developer
Christopher M. Jeffries
Christopher Michael Jeffries is an American real estate developer, lawyer, and philanthropist who co-founded the national real estate firm Millennium Partners, known for the development of the Millennium Towers in New York, Boston, and San Francis ...
.
Campus
![University of Michigan August 2013 212 (Hutchins Hall)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/University_of_Michigan_August_2013_212_%28Hutchins_Hall%29.jpg)
Built between 1924 and 1933 by the architectural firm
York and Sawyer
York and Sawyer was an American architectural firm active between 1898 and 1949. The firms' work is exemplary of Beaux-Arts architecture as it was practiced in the United States. The partners Edward York (July 23, 1863– December 30, 1928) and ...
with funds donated by attorney and alumnus
William W. Cook
William Wilson Cook (1858 – 1930) was an American attorney and legal scholar. He wrote extensively on matters of corporate law, including the seminal text, ''Cook on Corporations''. Cook was also an early, major benefactor of the University o ...
, the Cook Law Quadrangle comprises four buildings:
*Hutchins Hall, the main academic building, named for former Dean of the Law School and President of the University,
Harry Burns Hutchins
Harry Burns Hutchins (April 8, 1847 – January 25, 1930) was the fourth president of the University of Michigan (1909–1920).
Biography
On April 8, 1847, Harry B. Hutchins was born in Lisbon, New Hampshire. Hutchins got his education at New Ha ...
*The Legal Research Building
*John Cook Dormitory
*The Lawyer's Club, providing additional dormitory rooms and a meeting space for the residents of the Quad, is highlighted by a Great Lounge, and a
dining room
A dining room is a room (architecture), room for eating, consuming food. In modern times it is usually adjacent to the kitchen for convenience in serving, although in medieval times it was often on an entirely different floor level. Historically ...
with a high-vaulted ceiling, an
oak
An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus ''Quercus'' (; Latin "oak tree") of the beech family, Fagaceae. There are approximately 500 extant species of oaks. The common name "oak" also appears in the names of species in related genera, notably ''L ...
floor, and dark oak
paneling
Panelling (or paneling in the U.S.) is a millwork wall covering constructed from rigid or semi-rigid components. These are traditionally interlocking wood, but could be plastic or other materials.
Panelling was developed in antiquity to make ro ...
.
In 2012, extensive renovations of the Lawyers Club were undertaken thanks in part to a $20 million gift from Berkshire Hathaway vice-chairman
Charles T. Munger, and was re-opened on August 19, 2013 for the 2013 school year.
Admissions and rankings
Michigan Law was ranked third in the initial ''
U.S. News & World Report''
law school rankings
Law school rankings are a specific subset of college and university rankings dealing specifically with law schools. Like college and university rankings, law school rankings can be based on empirical data, subjectively-perceived qualitative dat ...
in 1987. Michigan Law is also one of the
"T14" law schools, schools that have consistently ranked within the top 14 law schools since U.S. News began publishing rankings. In the 2021 ''U.S. News'' ranking, Michigan Law is ranked 9th overall. The 2010 Super Lawyers rankings placed Michigan as second. Michigan Law is currently ranked 6th for Clinical Training and 6th for International Law. In a 2011 ''U.S. News'' "reputational ranking" of law schools by hiring partners at the nation's top law firms, the University of Michigan Law School ranked 4th. Michigan Law ranked 15th among U.S. law schools, tied with the
Georgetown University Law Center
The Georgetown University Law Center (Georgetown Law) is the law school of Georgetown University, a private research university in Washington, D.C. It was established in 1870 and is the largest law school in the United States by enrollment and ...
, for the number of times its tenured faculty's published scholarship was highly cited in legal journals during the period 2010 through 2014.
Admission to Michigan Law is highly selective. For the class entering in the fall of 2021, 819 applicants were accepted out of a total of 7,693, an acceptance rate of 10.65%. Out of those 819 accepted applicants, 313 students enrolled. The 25th and 75th
LSAT
The Law School Admission Test (LSAT; ) is a standardized test administered by the Law School Admission Council (LSAC) for prospective law school candidates. It is designed to assess reading comprehension as well as logical and verbal rea ...
percentiles for the 2021 entering class were 166 and 172, respectively, with a median of 171.
[{{cite web, title=University of Michigan Law – Admissions FAQ, url=https://www.law.umich.edu/prospectivestudents/admissions/Pages/faq.aspx, access-date=6 December 2020, website=law.umich.edu, archive-date=October 2, 2022, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221002182313/https://michigan.law.umich.edu/admissions, url-status=live] The 25th and 75th undergraduate
GPA
Grading in education is the process of applying standardized measurements for varying levels of achievements in a course. Grades can be assigned as letters (usually A through F), as a range (for example, 1 to 6), as a percentage, or as a numbe ...
percentiles were 3.61 and 3.93, respectively, with a median of 3.84.
Publications
Michigan Law School students publish several law journals
[{{cite web , author=University of Michigan Law School , url=https://www.law.umich.edu/journalsandorgs/Pages/orgs.aspx , title=Journals and Student Organizations , publisher=University of Michigan Law School , access-date=2016-02-26 , archive-date=March 1, 2016 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160301190543/http://www.law.umich.edu/journalsandorgs/Pages/orgs.aspx , url-status=live ] in addition to the ''
Michigan Law Review
The ''Michigan Law Review'' is an American law review and the flagship law journal of the University of Michigan Law School.
History
The ''Michigan Law Review'' was established in 1902, after Gustavus Ohlinger, a student in the Law Department ...
'', the sixth oldest legal journal in the U.S. These include:
*''
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The ''University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform'' is a quarterly law review published by an independent student group at the University of Michigan Law School. It publishes articles and student-written notes that propose legal reforms. These ref ...
''
*''Michigan Journal of International Law''
*''
Michigan Journal of Gender and Law
The ''Michigan Journal of Gender & Law'' is a biannual law review published by an independent student group at the University of Michigan Law School. It publishes articles and student-written notes that explore how gender issues (and related issue ...
''
*''
Michigan Journal of Race & Law''
*''
Michigan Telecommunications and Technology Law Review
The ''Michigan Technology Law Review'' (''MTLR'') is a scholarly technology law journal at the University of Michigan Law School.
Overview
''MTLR'' is one of six legal journals published under the auspices of the University of Michigan Law School ...
''
*''
Michigan Journal of Environmental and Administrative Law
The ''Michigan Journal of Environmental & Administrative Law'' is a student-run law review published at the University of Michigan School of Law. The journal publishes articles, notes, comments, and essays relating to administrative and environme ...
''
*''Michigan Business & Entrepreneurial Law Review'', formerly the ''Michigan Journal Private Equity and Venture Capital Law''
Journal membership is obtained through participation in writing competitions.
Moot court competitions
Students may compete in intramural moot court competitions,
[{{cite web , url=https://www.law.umich.edu/currentstudents/studentservices/Pages/moot.aspx , title=Moot Courts & Competitions , publisher=University of Michigan Law School , access-date=2016-02-26 , archive-date=March 9, 2016 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309172323/https://www.law.umich.edu/currentstudents/studentservices/Pages/moot.aspx , url-status=live ] the oldest of which is the Henry M. Campbell Moot Court Competition, established in 1926 and first held in the 1927–1928 academic year. Other moot court competitions include the Child Welfare Law Moot Court Competition, Criminal Law Moot Court Competition, the Entertainment Media and Arts Moot Court Competition, the Environmental Law Moot Court Competition, the Intellectual Property Moot Court Competition, the Jessup International Law Moot Court Competition, the Vis International Arbitration Moot Court, the Native American Law Students Association Competition, the Manfred Lachs Moot Court, Michigan Law Corporate Counseling Competition, and the 1L Oral Advocacy Competition.
Clinical programs
Michigan Law's clinical program allows students to provide direct representation to clients under the supervision of full-time faculty. There are 18 clinical programs, including the Child Advocacy Law Clinic, the Entrepreneurship Clinic, the Environmental Law Clinic, the Federal Appellate Litigation Clinic, the International Transactions Clinic, the Michigan Innocence Clinic, the Transactional Lab, and the Unemployment Insurance Clinic.
Student organizations
Michigan Law offers a wide array of student organizations centered around various interest areas, including politics, pro bono work, community service, race, gender, religion, and hobbies.
Student organizations organize various annual events, from student pageants such as Mr. Wolverine to the Michigan Law Culture Show.
Externships and internships
Michigan's externship program is designed to provide students with real-world legal experience and advanced research opportunities beyond what is separately available in either a classroom or a clinic. Externships are available in places such as
Switzerland
). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...
,
South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring countri ...
, and
India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
.
Student Funded Fellowships
Student Funded Fellowships (SFF) is a program designed to fund Michigan Law students who accept public interest summer job, particularly to help 1Ls finance the living costs associated with their summer jobs. SFF is governed by a board of law students and operates independently of the law school. Board members head fundraising efforts throughout the year, ranging from Donate a Day's Pay (DADP), in which highly paid law firm summer associates donate a day's salary to SFF, to a grand auction in the spring that invites bids on various donated items, including sports tickets, art, meals, and activities with faculty members. Around the time of the auction, board members review applications for summer funding and select a limited number of qualified students for grants. As of 2022, SFF awarded these select applicants $6,500. Students not otherwise selected for the grant, or students who do not plan to pursue public interest after law school but nonetheless need income for their summer positions, are entitled to a $5,000 loan for their summer expenses. This loan is facilitated by the law school. The loan is repaid on a sliding scale depending on how much money these students make during their 1L and 2L summers. As of 2022, if a student does not make more than $18,000 across their two summers, the loan is completely forgiven.
Employment and cost of attendance
According to Michigan's ABA-required employment disclosures, 98% of the graduates of the Class of 2021 were employed or seeking an advanced degree. This includes the 94.2% of the class who had obtained jobs requiring a J.D.
[{{cite web, url=https://michigan.law.umich.edu/system/files/2022-09/NALPSummaryReport2021_a11y.pdf, website=michigan.law.umich.edu, access-date=10 December 2022] Of the Class of 2021, 55% were employed by firms of greater than 100 attorneys
[{{Cite web, title=Comprehensive Employment Statistics, url=https://www.law.umich.edu/careers/classstats/Pages/employmentstats.aspx, access-date=December 10, 2022, website=law.umich.edu, ] and 18% obtained clerkships.
Michigan's
Law School Transparency
Law School Transparency (LST) is a nonprofit consumer advocacy and education organization concerning the legal profession in the United States. LST was founded by Vanderbilt Law School graduates Kyle McEntee and Patrick Lynch. LST describes its m ...
under-employment score is 5.8%, indicating the percentage of the Class of 2021 who are unemployed, pursuing an additional degree, or working in a non-professional, short-term, or part-time job nine months after graduation. The majority of Michigan Law grads work in New York, Illinois, Michigan, California, and Washington, D.C.
Tuition at Michigan for the 2020–2021 academic year is $63,680 for residents of the state of Michigan and $66,680 for non-residents. The estimated cost of living for a Michigan student is $21,900. Assuming no tuition increases, a typical three-year course of study at Michigan therefore costs $256,740 (or $85,580 per year) for residents and $265,740 (or $88,580 per year) for non-residents.
Notable faculty
Current
*
Theodore J. St. Antoine, Dean Emeritus – legal philosopher and labor law scholar
*
Samuel Bagenstos – constitutional scholar and expert on
disability rights
The disability rights movement is a global social movement that seeks to secure equal opportunities and equal rights for all people with disabilities.
It is made up of organizations of disability activists, also known as disability advocat ...
*
Evan Caminker, Dean Emeritus – constitutional law scholar
*
Edward H. Cooper – civil procedure scholar
*
Steven P. Croley – expert on administrative and regulatory law
*
Phoebe C. Ellsworth
Phoebe C. Ellsworth is an American social psychologist and professor at the University of Michigan, holding dual appointments at the Psychology Department and in the Law School.
Biography
Ellsworth received her B.A. from Radcliffe College in 1 ...
– scholar of law and psychology
*
Samuel R. Gross – Criminal law expert widely cited for work on exonerations
*
Daniel Halberstam – comparative constitutional law, transnational law and European law scholar
*
James C. Hathaway – international
refugee law expert and scholar of public international law
*
John Hudson
John is a common English name and surname:
* John (given name)
* John (surname)
John may also refer to:
New Testament
Works
* Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John
* First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John
* Second ...
– English legal historian
*
Ellen D. Katz – voting rights and election law scholar
*
Thomas E. Kauper – scholar of property law and antitrust
*
Vikramaditya Khanna – expert on international commercial law and the laws of India
*
James E. Krier – property law scholar
*
Jessica Litman
Jessica Litman is a leading intellectual property scholar. She has been ranked as one of the most-cited U.S. law professors in the field of intellectual property/cyberlaw.
Litman graduated from Reed College, received an MFA from Southern Methodis ...
– intellectual property scholar
*
Kyle D. Logue – insurance, tax and private law scholar
*
Catharine MacKinnon
Catharine Alice MacKinnon (born October 7, 1946) is an American radical feminist legal scholar, activist, and author. She is the Elizabeth A. Long Professor of Law at the University of Michigan Law School, where she has been tenured since 1990, a ...
– feminist theorist, scholar and activist
*
Barbara McQuade
Barbara Lynn McQuade (born December 22, 1964) is an American lawyer who served as the United States Attorney for the Eastern District of Michigan from 2010 to 2017. As part of President Donald Trump's 2017 dismissal of U.S. attorneys, she steppe ...
–
United States Attorney
United States attorneys are officials of the U.S. Department of Justice who serve as the chief federal law enforcement officers in each of the 94 U.S. federal judicial districts. Each U.S. attorney serves as the United States' chief federal c ...
for the Eastern District of Michigan from 2010 to 2017
*
John A. E. Pottow – scholar of international commercial law, bankruptcy and consumer finance
*
Richard Primus
Richard Abraham Primus (born 1969) is an American legal scholar. He currently teaches United States constitutional law at the University of Michigan Law School, where he is Theodore J. St. Antoine Collegiate Professor of Law. In 2008, he was awar ...
– constitutional theorist
*
Margaret Radin – legal philosopher, contract and property theorist
*
Margo Schlanger
Margo Jane Schlanger (born 1967) is a Professor of Law at the University of Michigan Law School, and the founder and director of the Civil Rights Litigation Clearinghouse. Previously, she was at Washington University School of Law. From 2010 to ...
– civil rights scholar and founder of the
Civil Rights Litigation Clearinghouse
The Civil Rights Litigation Clearinghouse is a website that serves as a searchable resource for information and documents relating to civil rights litigation. The Clearinghouse was founded by law professor Margo Schlanger in 2005, at Washington U ...
*
Rebecca J. Scott – legal historian
*
Bruno Simma
Bruno Simma (born March 29, 1941 in Quierschied, Germany), is a German jurist who served as a judge on the International Court of Justice from 2003 until 2012.
He currently serves as an affiliated overseas faculty member of the University of Mich ...
– German international law expert; served as a judge on the
International Court of Justice
The International Court of Justice (ICJ; french: Cour internationale de justice, links=no; ), sometimes known as the World Court, is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN). It settles disputes between states in accordanc ...
from 2003 until 2012
*
Mark D. West
Mark D. West (born July 26, 1968) is an American legal scholar, social scientist, and academic leader serving as the Nippon Life Professor of Law at the University of Michigan since 2003"Mark D. West, University of Michigan Law School" michigan.la ...
, Dean and Nippon Life Professor of Law- scholar of international commercial law, criminal law and Japanese law
*
James Boyd White
James Boyd White (born 1938) is an American law professor, literary critic, scholar and philosopher who is generally credited with founding the "law and Literature" movement. He is a proponent of the analysis of constitutive rhetoric in the anal ...
– founder of the "Law and Literature" movement
*
James J. White
James Justesen White (born 1934) is an American legal scholar working as the Robert A. Sullivan Professor of Law at the University of Michigan Law School. He has published the most widely recognized treatise on commercial law, ''Uniform Commercial ...
– Commercial law expert
*
Christina B. Whitman – Francis A. Allen Collegiate Professor of Law
Former
*
Nathan Abbott – former dean of
Stanford Law School
Stanford Law School (Stanford Law or SLS) is the law school of Stanford University, a private research university near Palo Alto, California. Established in 1893, it is regarded as one of the most prestigious law schools in the world. Stanford La ...
and property law scholar
*
T. Alexander Aleinikoff – international law scholar and former dean at
Georgetown University Law Center
The Georgetown University Law Center (Georgetown Law) is the law school of Georgetown University, a private research university in Washington, D.C. It was established in 1870 and is the largest law school in the United States by enrollment and ...
*
Omri Ben-Shahar – law professor
*
Lee Bollinger
Lee Carroll Bollinger (born April 30, 1946) is an American lawyer and educator who is serving as the 19th and current president of Columbia University, where he is also the Seth Low Professor of the University and a faculty member of Columbia La ...
– President of
Columbia University
Columbia University (also known as Columbia, and officially as Columbia University in the City of New York) is a private research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Church in Manhatt ...
, former President of the
University of Michigan
, mottoeng = "Arts, Knowledge, Truth"
, former_names = Catholepistemiad, or University of Michigania (1817–1821)
, budget = $10.3 billion (2021)
, endowment = $17 billion (2021)As o ...
*
Henry Billings Brown
Henry Billings Brown (March 2, 1836 – September 4, 1913) was an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1891 to 1906.
Although a respected lawyer and U.S. District Judge before ascending to the high court, Brown ...
– Justice of the
Supreme Court of the United States
The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that involve a point o ...
*
Thomas M. Cooley – Legal scholar and Chief Justice of the
Michigan Supreme Court
The Michigan Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is Michigan's court of last resort and consists of seven justices. The Court is located in the Michigan Hall of Justice at 925 Ottawa Street in Lansing, the state ...
*
Harry T. Edwards – Senior Judge on the
*
Heidi Li Feldman
Heidi Li Feldman is an American professor of law at Georgetown Law. Her areas of research are torts, ethics, political philosophy, and legal theory. She is an elected member of the American Law Institute.
Education
Feldman attended Brown Un ...
– law professor
*
Herbert Funk Goodrich
Herbert Funk Goodrich (July 29, 1889 – June 25, 1962) was a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. He was also Dean of the University of Pennsylvania Law School.
Education and career
Born on J ...
– Judge on the
United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit (in case citations, 3d Cir.) is a federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts for the following districts:
* District of Delaware
* District of New Jersey
* Ea ...
and former dean of the
University of Pennsylvania Law School
The University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School (also known as Penn Law or Penn Carey Law) is the law school of the University of Pennsylvania, a private research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is among the most selective and olde ...
*
Harry Hutchins – fourth President of the University of Michigan
*
Charles Wycliffe Joiner – Judge for the
*
Yale Kamisar
Yale Kamisar (August 29, 1929 – January 30, 2022) was an American legal scholar and writer who was the Clarence Darrow Distinguished University Professor of Law Emeritus and Professor Emeritus of Law at the University of Michigan Law School. A ...
, Professor Emeritus – criminal law and procedure expert (known as the "father of ''Miranda''" for his influential role in the landmark
U.S Supreme Court decision in ''
Miranda v. Arizona
''Miranda v. Arizona'', 384 U.S. 436 (1966), was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution restricts prosecutors from using a person's statements made in response to ...
'' (1966).
[Evan Acker]
"Father of Miranda" Yale Kamisar Retires
{{Webarchive, url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915072629/http://www.motionsonline.org/2011/04/27/kamisarretires/ , date=September 15, 2016 (Apr. 27, 2011). Motions Online.)
*
Douglas Laycock
Douglas Laycock is the Robert E. Scott Distinguished Professor at the University of Virginia School of Law, and a leading scholar in the areas of religious liberty and the law of remedies. He also serves as the 2nd Vice President of the American ...
– constitutional law scholar
*
Debra Ann Livingston – Judge on the
United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (in case citations, 2d Cir.) is one of the thirteen United States Courts of Appeals. Its territory comprises the states of Connecticut, New York and Vermont. The court has appellate juri ...
*
Wade H. McCree – first
African American
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of ens ...
appointed to the
U.S. Court of Appeals
The United States courts of appeals are the intermediate appellate courts of the United States federal judiciary. The courts of appeals are divided into 11 numbered circuits that cover geographic areas of the United States and hear appeals fr ...
for the
Sixth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit (in case citations, 6th Cir.) is a federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts:
* Eastern District of Kentucky
* Western District of K ...
*
John W. Reed
John W. Reed (11 December 1918 – 6 March 2018)[History ...](_blank)
– civil procedure expert
*
Henry Wade Rogers
Henry Wade Rogers (October 15, 1853 – August 16, 1926) was a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.
Education and career
Born on October 10, 1853, in Holland Patent, New York, Rogers receiv ...
– former Judge on the
United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (in case citations, 2d Cir.) is one of the thirteen United States Courts of Appeals. Its territory comprises the states of Connecticut, New York and Vermont. The court has appellate juri ...
*
Lawrence G. Sager – Constitutional theorist and former dean at the
University of Texas Law School
The University of Texas School of Law (Texas Law) is the law school of the University of Texas at Austin. Texas Law is consistently ranked as one of the top law schools in the United States and is highly selective—registering the 8th lowest ac ...
*
Joseph Sax – environmental law scholar known for developing the
public trust doctrine
The public trust doctrine is the principle that the sovereign holds in trust for public use some Natural resource, resources such as shoreline between the high and low tide lines, regardless of private property ownership.
Origins
The Roman law, ...
*
Joel Seligman
Joel Seligman (born January 11, 1950) is an American legal scholar and former academic administrator. He served as the 10th president of the University of Rochester, in Rochester, New York, from 2005 to 2018. Seligman is also one of the leading au ...
– President of the
University of Rochester
The University of Rochester (U of R, UR, or U of Rochester) is a private research university in Rochester, New York. The university grants undergraduate and graduate degrees, including doctoral and professional degrees.
The University of Roc ...
*
A. W. B. Simpson
Alfred William Brian Simpson, QC (Hon.), JP, FBA (17 August 1931 – 10 January 2011) usually referred to as Brian Simpson and publishing as A. W. Brian Simpson, was a British legal historian and legal philosopher. At the time of his ret ...
– British legal historian
*
Scott J. Shapiro – legal philosopher
*
David S. Tatel
David S. Tatel (born March 16, 1942) is an American lawyer who serves as a Senior United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.
Education and career
Tatel received his Bachelor of Arts ...
– judge on the
*
Elizabeth Warren
Elizabeth Ann Warren ( née Herring; born June 22, 1949) is an American politician and former law professor who is the senior United States senator from Massachusetts, serving since 2013. A member of the Democratic Party and regarded as a ...
– bankruptcy expert and senior
United States senator
The United States Senate is the Upper house, upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the United States House of Representatives, House of Representatives being the Lower house, lower chamber. Together they compose the national Bica ...
from
*
Joseph H. H. Weiler
Joseph Halevi Horowitz Weiler (born 2 September 1951) is a South African-American academic, currently serving as European Union Jean Monnet Chair at New York University Law School and Senior Fellow of the Minda de Gunzburg Center for European ...
– European law expert
Notable alumni
{{Main, List of University of Michigan Law School alumni
{{Div col, colwidth=30em
*
Michael T. Cahill
Michael T. Cahill is a law professor, and the Dean and President of Brooklyn Law School. He is also the former co-Dean of Rutgers Law School.
Biography
Raised in Pompton Plains, New Jersey, Cahill graduated from Pequannock Township High School ...
, Dean of
Brooklyn Law School
Brooklyn Law School (BLS) is a private law school in New York City. Founded in 1901, it has approximately 1,100 students. Brooklyn Law School's faculty includes 60 full-time faculty, 15 emeriti faculty, and a number of adjunct faculty.
Brookly ...
*
Roger Carter (LL.M., 1968), Dean of
University of Saskatchewan College of Law
The College of Law at the University of Saskatchewan is the university's law school. Located in Saskatoon in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan, the College of Law was established in 1912 and is the oldest law school in Western Canada, a disti ...
; recipient of
Order of Canada
The Order of Canada (french: Ordre du Canada; abbreviated as OC) is a Canadian state order and the second-highest honour for merit in the system of orders, decorations, and medals of Canada, after the Order of Merit.
To coincide with the ...
.
*
William W. Cook
William Wilson Cook (1858 – 1930) was an American attorney and legal scholar. He wrote extensively on matters of corporate law, including the seminal text, ''Cook on Corporations''. Cook was also an early, major benefactor of the University o ...
(J.D. 1882), heavily published and cited author of textbooks on corporate law; donor of the quadrangle to Michigan
*
Ann Coulter
Ann Hart Coulter (; born December 8, 1961) is an American conservative media pundit, author, syndicated columnist, and lawyer. She became known as a media pundit in the late 1990s, appearing in print and on cable news as an outspoken critic of ...
(J.D. 1988) Conservative author and commentator.
*
Jordan Harbinger
Jordan Harbinger is an American podcaster and radio personality.
Education and early career
Harbinger received his undergraduate and law degrees from the University of Michigan. He later became a lawyer.
Harbinger was kidnapped twice, once i ...
(J.D. 2006) Broadcaster and talk show host.
*
George Crockett Jr.
George William Crockett Jr. (August 10, 1909 – September 7, 1997) was an African-American attorney, jurist, and congressman from the U.S. state of Michigan. He also served as a national vice-president of the National Lawyers Guild and co- ...
(LL.B. 1934) Civil Rights activist; helped found the
National Lawyers Guild
The National Lawyers Guild (NLG) is a progressive public interest association of lawyers, law students, paralegals, jailhouse lawyers, law collective members, and other activist legal workers, in the United States. The group was founded in 193 ...
. First African American lawyer hired by the Department of Labor. Recorder's Court Judge, Detroit, Michigan, 1966–74; U.S. House of Representatives (D-Mich.), 1980 – 1991.
*
Clarence Darrow
Clarence Seward Darrow (; April 18, 1857 – March 13, 1938) was an American lawyer who became famous in the early 20th century for his involvement in the Leopold and Loeb murder trial and the Scopes "Monkey" Trial. He was a leading member of t ...
(attended), famous
trial lawyer
A lawyer is a person who Practice of law, practices law. The role of a lawyer varies greatly across different Jurisdiction, legal jurisdictions. A lawyer can be classified as an advocate, attorney at law, attorney, barrister, canonist, canon l ...
;
defense counsel
In a civil proceeding or criminal prosecution under the common law or under statute, a defendant may raise a defense (or defence) in an effort to avert civil liability or criminal conviction. A defense is put forward by a party to defeat ...
in the
Scopes Monkey Trial and
Leopold and Loeb
Nathan Freudenthal Leopold Jr. (November 19, 1904 – August 29, 1971) and Richard Albert Loeb (; June 11, 1905 – January 28, 1936), usually referred to collectively as Leopold and Loeb, were two wealthy students at the University of Chicago ...
*
William R. Day (LL.B. 1870),
United States Secretary of State
The United States secretary of state is a member of the executive branch of the federal government of the United States and the head of the U.S. Department of State. The office holder is one of the highest ranking members of the president's Ca ...
, 1898;
United States Supreme Court Associate Justice, 1903–1922
*
John Feikens
John Feikens (December 3, 1917 – May 15, 2011) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan.
Education and career
Born December 3, 1917, in Clifton, New Jersey, Feikens received ...
(J.D.) was a politician and judge from the U.S. state of
Michigan
Michigan () is a state in the Great Lakes region of the upper Midwestern United States. With a population of nearly 10.12 million and an area of nearly , Michigan is the 10th-largest state by population, the 11th-largest by area, and the ...
. He was the Senior Judge,
U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan
The United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan (in case citations, E.D. Mich.) is the United States district court, federal district court with jurisdiction over of the eastern half of the Lower Peninsula of the State o ...
(1986–present). Feikens had the unusual honor of being nominated to the same district court by three presidents.
*
Harold Ford Jr.
Harold Eugene Ford Jr. (born May 11, 1970) is an American financial managing director, pundit, author, and former U.S. Congressman who served from 1997–2007 in the United States House of Representatives as a member of the Democratic Party ...
(J.D. 1996) – former
U.S. Representative
The United States House of Representatives, often referred to as the House of Representatives, the U.S. House, or simply the House, is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, with the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they c ...
from
Tennessee
Tennessee ( , ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked state in the Southeastern region of the United States. Tennessee is the 36th-largest by area and the 15th-most populous of the 50 states. It is bordered by Kentucky to th ...
;
Democratic Leadership Council
The Democratic Leadership Council (DLC) was founded in 1985 and closed in 2011. Founded and directed by Al From, prominent members include Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton (who was elected president in 1992 and 1996), Delaware Senator Joe Biden ( ...
chair
*
Richard Gephardt
Richard Andrew Gephardt (; born January 31, 1941) is an American attorney, lobbyist, and politician who served as a United States Representative from Missouri from 1977 to 2005. A member of the Democratic Party, he was House Majority Leader fro ...
(J.D. 1965) – U.S. Representative from
Missouri
Missouri is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking List of U.S. states and territories by area, 21st in land area, it is bordered by eight states (tied for the most with Tennessee ...
(1977–2005). Served as
House Majority Leader
Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives, also known as floor leaders, are congresspeople who coordinate legislative initiatives and serve as the chief spokespersons for their parties on the House floor. These leaders are ele ...
from 1989 to 1995, and as
Minority Leader from 1995 to 2003.
*
Ronald M. Gould
Ronald Murray Gould (born October 17, 1946) is an American lawyer and jurist serving as a U.S. circuit judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit since 1999.
Education
Gould was born in 1946 in St. Louis, Missouri. He graduate ...
(J.D. 1973), Judge, the
United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (in case citations, 9th Cir.) is the U.S. federal court of appeals that has appellate jurisdiction over the U.S. district courts in the following federal judicial districts:
* District ...
*
James P. Hoffa
James Phillip Hoffa (born May 19, 1941) is an American labor leader and attorney who was the tenth General President of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters. He is the son of Jimmy Hoffa. Hoffa was first elected in 1998, and subsequently r ...
(LL.B. 1966) – President,
International Brotherhood of Teamsters
The International Brotherhood of Teamsters (IBT), also known as the Teamsters Union, is a labor union in the United States and Canada. Formed in 1903 by the merger of The Team Drivers International Union and The Teamsters National Union, the un ...
*
Sada Jacobson
Sada Molly Jacobson (born February 14, 1983) is an American Olympic fencer. She is the 2008 Olympic Individual Sabre silver medalist in women's sabre (one of three Olympic medals), the 2004 Olympic Individual Sabre bronze medalist in women's ...
(J.D. 2011), Olympic fencing silver and bronze medalist
*
Valerie Jarrett
Valerie June Jarrett ( Bowman; born November 14, 1956) is an American businesswoman and former government official. She currently serves as the Chief Executive Officer of the Obama Foundation. She previously served as the Senior Advisor to the Pre ...
, (J.D. 1981), Senior Advisor to President
Barack Obama
Barack Hussein Obama II ( ; born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who served as the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party, Obama was the first African-American president of the U ...
*
Amalya Lyle Kearse
Amalya Lyle Kearse (born June 11, 1937)Goldstein, Tom. "Amalya Lyle Kearse; Woman in the News", ''The New York Times'', June 25, 1979. is a senior United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit and a worl ...
(J.D. 1962) – Judge,
United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (in case citations, 2d Cir.) is one of the thirteen United States Courts of Appeals. Its territory comprises the states of Connecticut, New York and Vermont. The court has appellate juri ...
*
Cornelia Groefsema Kennedy
Cornelia Groefsema Kennedy (née Groefsema; August 4, 1923 – May 12, 2014) was a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.
Education and career
Born in Detroit, Michigan, Kennedy graduated from th ...
(J.D. 1947) – Senior Judge,
United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit (in case citations, 6th Cir.) is a federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts:
* Eastern District of Kentucky
* Western District of ...
*
Raymond Kethledge
Raymond Michael Kethledge (born December 11, 1966) is a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. He was appointed by President George W. Bush in 2008. Kethledge appeared on Donald Trump's list of p ...
(J.D. 1993) –
United States circuit judge
In the United States, federal judges are judges who serve on courts established under Article Three of the U.S. Constitution. They include the chief justice and the associate justices of the U.S. Supreme Court, the circuit judges of the U.S. ...
of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.
*
Frank Murphy
William Francis Murphy (April 13, 1890July 19, 1949) was an American politician, lawyer and jurist from Michigan. He was a Democrat who was named to the Supreme Court of the United States in 1940 after a political career that included serving ...
(LL.B. 1914),
United States Attorney General
The United States attorney general (AG) is the head of the United States Department of Justice, and is the chief law enforcement officer of the federal government of the United States. The attorney general serves as the principal advisor to the p ...
, 1939, and
United States Supreme Court Associate Justice, 1940–1949
*
Rob Portman
Robert Jones Portman (born December 19, 1955) is an American attorney and politician serving as the Seniority in the United States Senate, junior United States Senate, United States senator from Ohio since 2011. A member of the Republican Party ...
(J.D. 1984), United States senator from
Ohio
Ohio () is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Of the fifty U.S. states, it is the 34th-largest by area, and with a population of nearly 11.8 million, is the seventh-most populous and tenth-most densely populated. The sta ...
; former Director of the
Office of Management and Budget
The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) is the largest office within the Executive Office of the President of the United States (EOP). OMB's most prominent function is to produce the president's budget, but it also examines agency programs, pol ...
*
Branch Rickey
Wesley Branch Rickey (December 20, 1881 – December 9, 1965) was an American baseball player and sports executive. Rickey was instrumental in breaking Major League Baseball's color barrier by signing black player Jackie Robinson. He also creat ...
(LL.B. 1911),
Major League Baseball
Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball organization and the oldest major professional sports league in the world. MLB is composed of 30 total teams, divided equally between the National League (NL) and the American League (AL), ...
executive and
Hall of Famer
A hall, wall, or walk of fame is a list of individuals, achievements, or other entities, usually chosen by a group of electors, to mark their excellence or fame in their field. In some cases, these halls of fame consist of actual halls or muse ...
; created the modern
minor league
Minor leagues are professional sports leagues which are not regarded as the premier leagues in those sports. Minor league teams tend to play in smaller, less elaborate venues, often competing in smaller cities/markets. This term is used in Nor ...
system and signed
Jackie Robinson
Jack Roosevelt Robinson (January 31, 1919 – October 24, 1972) was an American professional baseball player who became the first African American to play in Major League Baseball (MLB) in the modern era. Robinson broke the baseball color line ...
to a contract, breaking the sport's
20th-century color line
*
Richard Riordan
Richard Joseph Riordan (born May 1, 1930) is an American investment banker, businessman, lawyer, and former Republican politician who was the 39th Mayor of Los Angeles, from 1993 to 2001. Born in New York City and raised in New Rochelle, New Y ...
(J.D. 1956), Mayor of
Los Angeles
Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the largest city in the state of California and the second most populous city in the United States after New York City, as well as one of the world' ...
, 1993–2001
*
Ken Salazar
Kenneth Lee Salazar (born March 2, 1955) is an American lawyer, politician, and diplomat who is the United States ambassador to Mexico. He previously served as the 50th United States Secretary of the Interior in the administration of President Ba ...
(J.D. 1981), former
U.S. Senator
The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States.
The composition and powe ...
from
Colorado
Colorado (, other variants) is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It encompasses most of the Southern Rocky Mountains, as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the western edge of t ...
and
United States Secretary of the Interior
The United States secretary of the interior is the head of the United States Department of the Interior. The secretary and the Department of the Interior are responsible for the management and conservation of most federal land along with natural ...
, 2009 to 2013.
*
Rick Snyder
Richard Dale Snyder (born August 19, 1958) is an American business executive, venture capitalist, attorney, accountant, and politician who served as the 48th governor of Michigan from 2011 to 2019. A member of the Republican Party, Snyder previ ...
(J.D. 1982) Former CEO of
Gateway; former
Governor of Michigan
The governor of Michigan is the head of state, head of government, and chief executive of the U.S. state of Michigan. The current governor is Gretchen Whitmer, a member of the Democratic Party, who was inaugurated on January 1, 2019, as the stat ...
*
George Sutherland
George Alexander Sutherland (March 25, 1862July 18, 1942) was an English-born American jurist and politician. He served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court between 1922 and 1938. As a member of the Republican Party, he also repre ...
(attended 1891),
United States Supreme Court Justice
The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that involve a point of ...
*
John D. Voelker (J.D. 1928)
justice
Justice, in its broadest sense, is the principle that people receive that which they deserve, with the interpretation of what then constitutes "deserving" being impacted upon by numerous fields, with many differing viewpoints and perspective ...
of the
Michigan Supreme Court
The Michigan Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is Michigan's court of last resort and consists of seven justices. The Court is located in the Michigan Hall of Justice at 925 Ottawa Street in Lansing, the state ...
; author of ''
Anatomy of a Murder
''Anatomy of a Murder'' is a 1959 American courtroom drama and crime film produced and directed by Otto Preminger. The screenplay by Wendell Mayes was based on the 1958 novel of the same name written by Michigan Supreme Court Justice John D. Vo ...
''.
*
Moses Fleetwood Walker
Moses Fleetwood Walker (October 7, 1856 – May 11, 1924) was an American professional baseball catcher who, historically, was credited with being the first black man to play in Major League Baseball (MLB). A native of Mount Pleasant, Ohio, an ...
(attended 1881–1882) –
Baseball player
Baseball is a bat-and-ball sport played between two teams of nine players each, taking turns batting and fielding. The game occurs over the course of several plays, with each play generally beginning when a player on the fielding tea ...
and author; first African-American to play
major league professional baseball
Professional baseball is organized baseball in which players are selected for their talents and are paid to play for a specific team or club system. It is played in baseball league, leagues and associated farm teams throughout the world.
Mod ...
*
Sarah Killgore Wertman
Sarah Killgore Wertman, née Killgore (1 March 1843, Jefferson, Indiana - 21 May 1935, Seattle, Washington) was an American lawyer. She was the first woman to both graduate from law school and be admitted to the bar of any state in the United St ...
(LAW: LLB 1871), née Sarah Killgore, the first woman to be admitted to the Bar of any state in the United States of America.
*
Sam Zell
Samuel Zell (born Shmuel Zielonka, September 28, 1941) is an American billionaire businessman and philanthropist. A former lawyer, Zell is the founder and chairman of Equity Group Investments, a private investment firm, founded in 1968. He ha ...
(J.D. 1966) –
Real estate development
Real estate development, or property development, is a business process, encompassing activities that range from the renovation and re-lease of existing buildings to the purchase of raw Real Estate, land and the sale of developed land or parcels ...
tycoon; founder of
EQ Office
EQ Office is a real estate investment company that owns 80 office properties comprising 40 million square feet. The company is owned by funds managed by The Blackstone Group. The company was formerly known as Equity Office.
History
The company w ...
; former National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts chairman and current chairman and majority owner of the
Tribune Company
Tribune Media Company, also known as Tribune Company, was an American multimedia conglomerate headquartered in Chicago, Illinois.
Through Tribune Broadcasting, Tribune Media was one of the largest television broadcasting companies, owning 39 ...
; billionaire
{{Div col end
See also
*
List of University of Michigan law and government alumni
:''The parent article is at List of University of Michigan alumni''
This is a partial list of notable alumni in law, government and public policy from the University of Michigan. Please refer also to the below list:
Legislators
*Estefania Al ...
*
List of University of Michigan legislator alumni
*
List of University of Michigan people
A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to:
People
* List (surname)
Organizations
* List College, an undergraduate division of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America
* SC Germania List, German rugby unio ...
Notes
#{{note, UM University of Michigan: Diversity Research & Resources, Proposal 2 Information.
Link to UM website#{{note, Litigation Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action v. Granholm, No. 2:06-cv-15024 (E.D. Mi.) (Lawson); Nos. 06–2640, 06–2642 (6th Cir. 2007).
#{{note, Dean January 10, 2007 statement by Dean Evan Caminker.
{{Webarchive, url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070702091340/http://www.law.umich.edu/NewsandInfo/prop2/index.htm#deanStatementNov17, date=July 2, 2007
References
{{Reflist
External links
{{Commons category
Official website
{{University of Michigan, academics
{{Law Schools of the Midwest
{{Authority control
{{Coord, 42, 16, 26.9, N, 83, 44, 21.6, W, display=title
{{DEFAULTSORT:University Of Michigan Law School
Law schools in Michigan
Law School
A law school (also known as a law centre or college of law) is an institution specializing in legal education, usually involved as part of a process for becoming a lawyer within a given jurisdiction.
Law degrees Argentina
In Argentina, ...
Educational institutions established in 1859
1859 establishments in Michigan
University of Michigan campus