The Umatilla Indian Reservation is an

Indian reservation An Indian reservation is an area of land held and governed by a federally recognized Native American tribal nation whose government is accountable to the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs and not to the state government in which it ...

in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. It was created by The Treaty of June 9, 1855 between the United States and members of the Walla, Cayuse, and Umatilla tribes. It lies in northeastern Oregon, east of Pendleton. The reservation is mostly in Umatilla County, with a very small part extending south into Union County. It is managed by the three

Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation The Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation are the federally recognized confederations of three Sahaptin-speaking Native American tribes who traditionally inhabited the Columbia River Plateau region: the Cayuse, Umatilla, and ...

. Located on the north side of the Blue Mountains, the reservation was established for two Sahaptin-speaking Native American tribes: the Umatilla and Walla Walla, and for the

Cayuse Cayuse may refer to: *Cayuse people, a people native to Oregon, United States *Cayuse language, an extinct language of the Cayuse people *Cayuse, Oregon, an unincorporated community in the United States *Cayuse horse, an archaic term for a feral or ...

, whose language, now extinct, was an isolate. All the tribes historically inhabited the Columbia Plateau region. The tribes share land and a governmental structure as part of their confederation.

Geography, demographics and headquarters

The reservation has a land area of and a tribal population of 2,927 as of the 2000 census. In addition, some 300 Native Americans from other regional tribes and 1,500 non-natives live on the reservation."Who We Are" (January 2013)
, Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Reservation The largest community is Mission, which is the site of the tribal headquarters as well as the Umatilla Agency of the

Bureau of Indian Affairs The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), also known as Indian Affairs (IA), is a United States federal agency within the Department of the Interior. It is responsible for implementing federal laws and policies related to American Indians and A ...

. Some BIA agency offices serve more than one

federally recognized tribe This is a list of federally recognized tribes in the contiguous United States of America. There are also federally recognized Alaska Native tribes. , 574 Indian tribes were legally recognized by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) of the United ...

, but the Umatilla Agency exclusively serves the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation (CTUIR).

History

The tribes developed the

Wildhorse Casino Resort Wildhorse Resort & Casino is a casino owned and operated since 1994 by the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation in the U.S. state of Oregon.

on their reservation to generate revenues for their people. The casino is located near Interstate 84. In 2006 it started Cayuse Technologies, to provide software development and related services. These enterprises employ 1,000 persons and have markedly reduced unemployment. Pendleton photographer

Walter S. Bowman Walter Scott Bowman (February 8, 1865 – November 27, 1938) was a prominent professional photographer in Pendleton, Oregon. His work is included in the University of Oregon'shttp://library.uoregon.edu/speccoll/photo/Pendleton/fbowman.html Bo ...

photographed tribe members in the early 20th century.http://oregondigital.org/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/tlegacies&CISOPTR=282&CISOBOX=1&REC=2 The CTUIR founded the

Tamástslikt Cultural Institute The Tamástslikt Cultural Institute is a museum and research institute located on the Umatilla Indian Reservation near Pendleton in eastern Oregon. It is the only Native American museum along the Oregon Trail. The institute is dedicated to the c ...

, a museum that provides both historical and contemporary exhibits related to the confederated tribes, as well as exhibits of contemporary Native American arts and traditional craftwork.

Communities

Gibbon Gibbons () are apes in the family Hylobatidae (). The family historically contained one genus, but now is split into four extant genera and 20 species. Gibbons live in subtropical and tropical rainforest from eastern Bangladesh to Northeast India ...

* Gopher Flats *

Kirkpatrick Kirkpatrick is an Irish (Ulster) and Scottish surname, and occasionally a given name, possibly a Branches of the Cenél nEógain, branch of the Cenél nEógain of the Northern Uí Néill. The name traditionally relates to a Church (building), churc ...

* Mission *

Riverside Riverside may refer to: Places Australia * Riverside, Tasmania, a suburb of Launceston, Tasmania Canada * Riverside (electoral district), in the Yukon * Riverside, Calgary, a neighbourhood in Alberta * Riverside, Manitoba, a former rural m ...

* Tutuilla

References

External links

Umatilla Reservation, Oregon
United States Census Bureau

* ttp://www.commonties.com/blog/2006/09/25/on-the-res-in-oregon/ A middle-aged man reflects on his life at the Umatilla reservation {{authority control American Indian reservations in Oregon Geography of Umatilla County, Oregon Geography of Union County, Oregon

Geography, demographics and headquarters

History

Communities

See also

References

External links