''Treponema'' is a genus of spiral-shaped bacteria. The major treponeme species of human pathogens is ''

Treponema pallidum ''Treponema pallidum'', formerly known as ''Spirochaeta pallida'', is a spirochaete bacterium with various subspecies that cause the diseases syphilis, bejel (also known as endemic syphilis), and yaws. It is transmitted only among humans. It is ...

'', whose subspecies are responsible for diseases such as

syphilis Syphilis () is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium ''Treponema pallidum'' subspecies ''pallidum''. The signs and symptoms of syphilis vary depending in which of the four stages it presents (primary, secondary, latent, an ...

bejel Bejel, or endemic syphilis, is a chronic skin and tissue disease caused by infection by the ''endemicum'' subspecies of the spirochete ''Treponema pallidum''. Bejel is one of the "endemic treponematoses" (endemic infections caused by spiral-shaped ...

, and

yaws Yaws is a tropical infection of the skin, bones, and joints caused by the spirochete bacterium ''Treponema pallidum pertenue''. The disease begins with a round, hard swelling of the skin, in diameter. The center may break open and form an ulce ...

. ''

Treponema carateum ''Treponema carateum'' is a species of spirochete bacteria in the genus ''Treponema ''Treponema'' is a genus of spiral-shaped bacteria. The major treponeme species of human pathogens is ''Treponema pallidum'', whose subspecies are responsible ...

'' is the cause of pinta. '' Treponema paraluiscuniculi'' is associated with syphilis in

rabbit Rabbits, also known as bunnies or bunny rabbits, are small mammals in the family Leporidae (which also contains the hares) of the order Lagomorpha (which also contains the pikas). ''Oryctolagus cuniculus'' includes the European rabbit speci ...

s. '' Treponema succinifaciens'' has been found in the gut microbiome of traditional rural human populations.

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the

List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) is an online database that maintains information on the naming and taxonomy of prokaryotes, following the taxonomy requirements and rulings of the International Code of Nomenclature ...

(LPSN) and

National Center for Biotechnology Information The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It is approved and funded by the government of the United States. The ...

(NCBI). Unassigned species: * ''

Treponema calligyrum ''Treponema'' is a genus of spiral-shaped bacteria. The major treponeme species of human pathogens is ''Treponema pallidum'', whose subspecies are responsible for diseases such as syphilis, bejel, and yaws. ''Treponema carateum'' is the cause ...

'' Noguchi 1913 * ''

'' Brumpt 1939 ( pinta-causing ''Treponema'') * "''Ca.'' Treponema faecavium" Gilroy et al. 2021 * '' Treponema paraluisleporis'' Lumeij et al. 1994 * '' Treponema paraluiscuniculi'' ♦ (Jacobsthal 1920) Smibert 1974 * ''

Treponema pertenue Yaws is a tropical infection of the skin, bones, and joints caused by the spirochete bacterium ''Treponema pallidum pertenue''. The disease begins with a round, hard swelling of the skin, in diameter. The center may break open and form an ulc ...

'' ♦ (Castellani 1905) Castellani & Chalmers 1910 * "''Ca.'' Treponema suis" Molbak et al. 2006 * '' Treponema refringens'' (Schaudinn and Hofmann 1905) Castellani and Chalmers * "'' Treponema scoliodonta''" (Hoffmann 1920) Noguchi 1928 ex Smibert 1984 * "''Ca.'' Treponema teratonymphae" Noda et al. 2018 Notes:
♦ Type strain lost or not available
The species ''

Treponema hyodysenteriae ''Brachyspira hyodysenteriae'', formerly ''Serpulina hyodysenteriae'' and other binomial names, is a species of bacteria. It is the causative agent of swine dysentery. References

Spirochaetes {{Spirochaetae-stub ...

'' and ''Treponema innocens'' have been reclassified into '' Serpulina hyodysenteriae'' and '' Serpulina innocens''.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q134745 Bacteria genera

Phylogeny

See also

References