Tajrish ( fa, تجريش, , also
romanize
Romanization or romanisation, in linguistics, is the conversion of text from a different writing system to the Roman (Latin) script, or a system for doing so. Methods of romanization include transliteration, for representing written text, a ...
d as Tajrīš) is a neighbourhood of
Tehran
Tehran (; fa, تهران ) is the largest city in Tehran Province and the capital of Iran. With a population of around 9 million in the city and around 16 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, Tehran is the most popul ...
, capital of
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
. Administratively it is in
Shemiranat County
Shemiranat County ( fa, شهرستان شمیرانات) is located in Tehran province, Iran. The capital of the county is Shemiran, which is part of the city of Tehran. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 37,778, in 11,178 househol ...
,
Tehran Province. It used to be a village and later was absorbed into the city of Tehran.
The Tajrish neighbourhood is located along the northern edge of Tehran. This neighbourhood is one of the oldest parts of Tehran and during the last few decades, has become popular with the wealthy by virtue of the low levels of pollution, in turn created by the area's favorable location along Tehran's northern hills. Tajrish is situated in the Shemiranat County. As of 2006, the neighborhood had 86,000 inhabitants.
The Tajrish Square itself is known as Sar-e Pol-e Tajrish ( fa, سر پل تجریش, lit=at the Tajrish Bridge). This square is actually a vast bridge on top of a
qanat
A qanat or kārīz is a system for transporting water from an aquifer or water well to the surface, through an underground aqueduct; the system originated approximately 3,000 BC in what is now Iran. The function is essentially the same across ...
river. In older times the locals used to call this bridge Gowgal, meaning "
he Bridge
He or HE may refer to:
Language
* He (pronoun), an English pronoun
* He (kana), the romanization of the Japanese kana へ
* He (letter), the fifth letter of many Semitic alphabets
* He (Cyrillic), a letter of the Cyrillic script called ''He'' ...
of the Cow Herd''.''
History
The location of the neighborhood was once an ancient village, and in 1788, the
Qajar dynasty
The Qajar dynasty (; fa, دودمان قاجار ', az, Qacarlar ) was an IranianAbbas Amanat, ''The Pivot of the Universe: Nasir Al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831–1896'', I. B. Tauris, pp 2–3 royal dynasty of Turkic origin ...
choose this as their capital.
It is known for its mountainous landscape.
The area was often used as a summer retreat by city residents.
Until the 1920s, Tajrish and neighboring
Shemiranat were a collection of small villages along Tehran's border. The area was relatively disconnected from Tehran's
urban with the exception of Old Shemiran Road, currently known as Shariati Avenue. With the construction of Pahlavi Road (now named
Valiasr Street) in 1930s and Modarres Highway, then known as Shahanshahi Boulevard, the Northern suburbs became highly accessible from downtown and rapid extension became possible.
Modern day
Popular tourist spots in Tajrish are the old
bazaar
A bazaar () or souk (; also transliterated as souq) is a marketplace consisting of multiple small stalls or shops, especially in the Middle East, the Balkans, North Africa and India. However, temporary open markets elsewhere, such as in t ...
and a
mausoleum
A mausoleum is an external free-standing building constructed as a monument enclosing the interment space or burial chamber of a deceased person or people. A mausoleum without the person's remains is called a cenotaph. A mausoleum may be cons ...
called
Imam Zadeh Saleh.
Tajrish Square is currently one of the busiest parts of Tehran, with bus terminals, cab terminals. It is the location of shopping malls, including the popular
Tandis Center. The square also the location of street performers, and where people gather to publicly celebrate holidays.
A number of
Shia Islam
Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his successor (''khalīfa'') and the Imam (spiritual and political leader) after him, mos ...
religious sites are located here, including the mausoleum called Imam Zadeh Saleh, a shrine called , and a few
Takyehs or religious buildings (such as Takyeh Borzog, Takyeh Pa'in, ).
The square is where Valiasr Street terminates. Valiasr is the longest and, along with
Shariati Avenue, one of the most important streets in Tehran. It is also one of the busiest transportation hubs in Tehran. Many other suburbs are accessible from this square. A major metro station, the northern terminus of line one (the red line) is located here.
Tajrish is at the junction of streets that lead to
Saad Abad Palace,
Velenjak, Asad Abad,
Zafaraniyeh,
Elahieh, and
Niavaran
Niavaran ( fa, نياوران) is an affluent and upperclass district in the north of Tehran. Bordering leafy, uphill-winding Darband Street, it can be reached from Tajrish Square, and is close to Darabad at the far north-eastern corner of Gre ...
as well as many of the other places in northern Tehran.
Tajrish Bazaar
Tehran has two bazaars, the Tajrish Bazaar is located in the north and the
Grand Bazaar is located in the south of the city.
The bazaar was developed in the 18th-century (although some sources state early 19th-century), and was associated with the village of Shemiranat and the Qajar dynasty.
The location of the Tajrish Bazaar is bound by Panzandeh-e Kordad Street, Molavi Street, Mostafa Khomeini Street, and Khayyam Street.
Tajrish Bazaar has been built according to architectural style which closely resembles the Grand Bazaar in downtown Tehran. Some of its arches have been destroyed due to construction of multi-story buildings and its traditional identity has been threatened by irregularity of window shops and external view of new stores. Tajrish Bazaar includes a roofed passageway through which thousands of people pass en route to either paying pilgrimage the Emamzadeh Saleh or to the bazaar for purchasing goods.
The traditional bazaar of Tajrish neighborhood has been renovated by the Tehran Beautification Organization, which featured reconstruction of the traditional market using both traditional and modern styles, wastewater collection, power, gas, telecommunication installations, as well as repair of small and large shops and passageways.
Geography
Tajrish is located at the foot of the
Alborz mountain range and Tajrish Square is located at an altitude of 1600 meters above sea level. Tajrish's climate is temperate and cold. The maximum temperature in summer is 36 degrees and the minimum in winter is -20 degrees. There have been several aqueducts in Tajrish and some of them are still flowing. Among them are
Imam Zadeh Saleh aqueduct , Mohammadieh aqueduct, Maghsoudbak aqueduct along Darband river, Sarpol Tajrish aqueduct and Kahrizak aqueduct which was manifested in the lower support of Tajrish.
Population
The population of the city of Tajrish in 1335 was 26,525 and in the census of 1365 was about 40,000.In the 1996 census, due to Tajrish being connected to the city of
Tehran
Tehran (; fa, تهران ) is the largest city in Tehran Province and the capital of Iran. With a population of around 9 million in the city and around 16 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, Tehran is the most popul ...
and being located in the
Greater Tehran
Greater Tehran is the urban agglomeration around Tehran that covers the central part of the Tehran Province and eastern part of the Alborz Province, that covers the contiguous cities of Tehran, Ray, Shemirānāt, and other areas.
As of 2012 ...
area, its population was mentioned along with the population of
Tehran
Tehran (; fa, تهران ) is the largest city in Tehran Province and the capital of Iran. With a population of around 9 million in the city and around 16 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, Tehran is the most popul ...
.
Language dialect
Tajrishi is also a dialect of
Persian, which is nowadays almost extinct and has been replaced by standard Persian.
The etymology of the word Tajrish itself is unknown.
Iranian linguist
Habib Borjian, after examining all the available material at hand concerning this dialect confirms it is a dialect of the Persian and writes: "Tajrishi shows no divergence from the
Persid group, despite minor variation with respect to modern standard Persian. It is in verb morphology that we do find in Tajrishi a massive
Caspian overlay, imposed on the dialect by means of age-old socio-economic ties with the districts to its north in the Alborz chain. We may thus characterize Tajrishi and
other Shemirāni dialects as Persian with a significant Caspian imprint. Surprisingly enough, we find no trace of a
Northwestern Iranian
The Western Iranic languages are a branch of the Iranic languages, attested from the time of Old Persian (6th century BC) and Median.
Languages
The traditional Northwestern branch is a convention for non-Southwestern languages, rather than a ge ...
substratum in the dialect of Tajrish, nor do we find it in the scanty material available to us about the other extinct vernaculars of Shemirān ... This situation can only attest to an early Persianization of Rey and its adjoining settlements."
Gallery
Tandis centre.jpg, Tandiss Mall & Shopping Center, Tajrish
Tajrish.jpg, A view of Tajrish Square looking northward
Tajrish square.jpg, Tajrish square in Spring
Tajrish square in winter.jpg, Tajrish Square in Winter
Tehran - tajrish.jpg, Valiasr Street before tajrish sq.
Tajrish square in march.jpg, Tajrish sq in winter.
Tajrish district in march 2.jpg, Tajrish district in winter.
Tajrish square time.jpg, Tajrish time square in winter.
Tajrish district in march.jpg, Shahrdari street.
Inside Tajrish.jpg, Ghaem shopping centre.
Inside Tajrish 3.jpg, Inside Tajrish old markets.
References
External links
{{Tehran Province
Neighbourhoods in Tehran
Shemiranat County