Tubarão (lit. "

shark Sharks are a group of elasmobranch fish characterized by a cartilaginous skeleton, five to seven gill slits on the sides of the head, and pectoral fins that are not fused to the head. Modern sharks are classified within the clade Selachimo ...

") is a Brazilian

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...

located in southern part of Santa Catarina state. The population, according to the IBGE/2020 estimate was 106,422. It is the main city of the

Tubarão River The Tubarão River is a river in the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina. Geographical aspects It originates from the confluence of the Rocinha river and Bonito river in the municipality of Lauro Müller. The Tubarão River flows from the Serra ...

basin region, which comprises 20 municipalities and a population of 350,000 inhabitants.

History

Tubarão was named after a native tribal chief called Tubanharô, which means "ferocious father" in

Guaraní Guarani, Guaraní or Guarany may refer to Ethnography * Guaraní people, an indigenous people from South America's interior (Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay and Bolivia) * Guaraní language, or Paraguayan Guarani, an official language of Paraguay * ...

language. Thus, it does not have any relation to the word tubarão ("shark" in Portuguese). The first settlement, which later became the city, was founded in 1773 by troopers as a halfway point between

Laguna Laguna (Italian and Spanish for lagoon) may refer to: People * Abe Laguna (born 1992), American DJ known as Ookay * Andrés Laguna (1499–1559), Spanish physician, pharmacologist, and botanist * Ana Laguna (born 1955), Spanish-Swedish ballet d ...

and the uplands.

Coal Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal is formed when dea ...

was discovered in Tubarão outskirts in the 18th century. The city emancipated from Laguna in 1870. In the following years

Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance language *** Regional Ita ...

and

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ger ...

immigrants Immigration is the international movement of people to a destination country of which they are not natives or where they do not possess citizenship in order to settle as permanent residents or naturalized citizens. Commuters, tourists, and ...

came to this region. The Tereza Christina Railway was inaugurated in 1884. One of the worst natural catastrophes in Brazil took place in Tubarão, on March 28, 1974. The Tubarão River waters

flood A flood is an overflow of water ( or rarely other fluids) that submerges land that is usually dry. In the sense of "flowing water", the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide. Floods are an area of study of the discipline hydrol ...

ed about 80% of the urban area. The disaster caused 199 fatalities and left about 45,000 people homeless.

Geography

The city is located 133 kilometers south of

Florianópolis Florianópolis () is the capital and second largest city of the state of Santa Catarina, in the South region of Brazil. The city encompasses Santa Catarina Island and surrounding small islands, as well as part of the mainland. It has a populat ...

, the state capital, in the South Brazilian coast plains. Its urban area is crossed by the Tubarão River and, in parallel, the BR-101 federal highway. Some lakes and swamp areas are found in the surrounding areas, although its landscape has been modified several times by human activity. The

climate Climate is the long-term weather pattern in an area, typically averaged over 30 years. More rigorously, it is the mean and variability of meteorological variables over a time spanning from months to millions of years. Some of the meteorologic ...

is subtropical (

Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notabl ...

). Neighbor cities are Laguna, Capivari de Baixo, Gravatal, Pedras Grandes, Jaguaruna, São Ludgero, Orleans and Treze de Maio.

Economy

The main economy is based on

agriculture Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to ...

(rice plantations),

furniture Furniture refers to movable objects intended to support various human activities such as seating (e.g., stools, chairs, and sofas), eating (tables), storing items, eating and/or working with an item, and sleeping (e.g., beds and hammocks). Fu ...

industry and

ceramic A ceramic is any of the various hard, brittle, heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials made by shaping and then firing an inorganic, nonmetallic material, such as clay, at a high temperature. Common examples are earthenware, porcelain ...

tiles.

Tourism Tourism is travel for pleasure or business; also the theory and practice of touring (disambiguation), touring, the business of attracting, accommodating, and entertaining tourists, and the business of operating tour (disambiguation), tours. Th ...

is also important due to its thermal water resources in Rio do Pouso and Guarda da Margem Esquerda localities.

Notable people

Arts

Luiz Henrique Rosa Luiz Henrique (November 25, 1938 – July 9, 1985), also known as Luiz Henrique Rosa, was a Brazilian musician.Allmusic/ref> He was born in the city of Tubarão and died in Florianópolis. In 1963 luiz Henrique recorded his first LP: ...

(1938–1985) - musician and soccer player * Willy Zumblick (1913–2008) - painter

Literature

* Alberto Cargnin (1925–2007) - romancist and journalist

Sports

* Renan Bressan (1988) - soccer player (

Belarus Belarus,, , ; alternatively and formerly known as Byelorussia (from Russian ). officially the Republic of Belarus,; rus, Республика Беларусь, Respublika Belarus. is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by R ...

national) * Zenon (1954) - soccer player * Marquinhos Pedroso - soccer player

Politics

* Heriberto Hülse (1902–1972) - Governor of Santa Catarina 1958–1961

Demography

The main ethnic groups are Portuguese-Azorians, German and Italian descendants and Afro-Brazilians. Tubarão is 12th largest city in the state. The total population (

IBGE The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics ( pt, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística; IBGE) is the agency responsible for official collection of statistical, geographic, cartographic, geodetic and environmental information ...

/2010) was 97,281. The most illustrious citizen was Willy Zumblick, a

painter Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (called the "matrix" or "support"). The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and ai ...

of German descent. A

museum A museum ( ; plural museums or, rarely, musea) is a building or institution that cares for and displays a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance. Many public museums make these ...

in the downtown area is named after him.

Sport

The local

association football Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players who primarily use their feet to propel the ball around a rectangular field called a pitch. The objective of the game is ...

teams are

Clube Atlético Tubarão Clube Atlético Tubarão is a Brazilian football team from Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil, founded on April 14, 2005 as Associação Cultural, Recreativa e Esportiva Atlético Cidade Azul but changed to Club Atlético Tubarão name in 2007, and ...

and

Hercílio Luz Futebol Clube Hercílio Luz Futebol Clube, often abbreviated to Hercílio Luz, is a Brazilian football club based in Tubarão, Santa Catarina. Founded on 22 December 1918, it was the first Santa Catarina club to compete in the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A an ...

, two of the major teams of southern Santa Catarina.

References

External links

City hall site

UNISUL - Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, local university

Tubarão Touristic site
(in Portuguese)
''Notisul'' - local newspaper
(in Portuguese)
''Diário do Sul'' - local newspaper
(in Portuguese) {{DEFAULTSORT:Tubarao Municipalities in Santa Catarina (state)