Tropical Storm Omais (2021)
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The 2021 Pacific typhoon season was the second consecutive to have below-average
tropical cyclone A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain and squalls. Depend ...
activity, with twenty-two named storms, and was the least active since
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. Nine became typhoons, and five of those intensified into super typhoons. This low activity was caused by a strong
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that had persisted from the previous year. The season's first named storm, Dujuan, developed on February 16, while the last named storm, Rai, dissipated on December 21. The season's first typhoon, Surigae, reached typhoon status on April 16. It became the first
super typhoon Tropical cyclones are ranked on one of five tropical cyclone intensity scales, according to their maximum sustained winds and which tropical cyclone basins they are located in. Only a few scales of classifications are used officially by the mete ...
of the year on the next day, also becoming the strongest tropical cyclone in 2021. Surigae was also the most powerful tropical cyclone on record in the Northern Hemisphere for the month of April. Typhoons In-fa and Rai are responsible for more than half of the total damage this season, adding up to a combined total of $2.017 billion. The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean to the north of the equator between 100°E and
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. Within the northwestern Pacific Ocean, there are two separate agencies that assign names to tropical cyclones, which can often result in a cyclone having two names. The
Japan Meteorological Agency The , abbreviated JMA, is an agency of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. It is charged with gathering and providing results for the public in Japan that are obtained from data based on daily scientific observation an ...
 (JMA) names a tropical cyclone should it be judged to have 10-minute sustained wind speeds of at least 65 km/h (40 mph) anywhere in the basin, whilst the
Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration Pagasa may refer to: * ''Pagasa'' (genus), an insect genus in the family Nabidae *PAGASA, an acronym for the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration *"May Pagasa", a pen-name of José Rizal *Pagasa, alternate s ...
 (PAGASA) assigns names to tropical cyclones which move into or form as a tropical depression in their
area of responsibility Area of responsibility (AOR) is a pre-defined geographic region assigned to Combatant commanders of the Unified Command Plan (UCP), that are used to define an area with specific geographic boundaries where they have the authority to plan and cond ...
located between 135°E and 115°E and between 5°N and 25°N, regardless of whether or not a tropical cyclone has already been given a name by the JMA. Tropical depressions that are monitored by the United States'
Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South P ...
 (JTWC) are given a number with a "W" suffix. __TOC__


Seasonal forecasts

During the year, several national meteorological services and scientific agencies forecast how many
tropical cyclone A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain and squalls. Depend ...
s, tropical storms, and
typhoon A typhoon is a mature tropical cyclone that develops between 180° and 100°E in the Northern Hemisphere. This region is referred to as the Northwestern Pacific Basin, and is the most active tropical cyclone basin on Earth, accounting for a ...
s will form during a season and/or how many tropical cyclones will affect a particular country. These agencies included the Tropical Storm Risk (TSR) Consortium of
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,
PAGASA Pagasa may refer to: * ''Pagasa'' (genus), an insect genus in the family Nabidae *PAGASA, an acronym for the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration *"May Pagasa", a pen-name of José Rizal *Pagasa, alternate s ...
and Taiwan's Central Weather Bureau. The first forecast was released by PAGASA on December 27, 2020, in their monthly seasonal climate outlook predicting the first half of 2021. The PAGASA predicts that only 0–3 tropical cyclones are expected to form or enter the Philippine Area of Responsibility between January and March, while 1–4 tropical cyclones are expected to form between April and June. PAGASA also predicted that the ongoing
La Niña La Niña (; ) is an oceanic and atmospheric phenomenon that is the colder counterpart of as part of the broader El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) climate pattern. The name ''La Niña'' originates from Spanish for "the girl", by an ...
could persist until the end of the first quarter of 2021. Tropical Storm Risk (TSR) issued their first extended range forecast on May 11, predicting a slightly below-average season with 24 tropical storms, 15 typhoons and 9 intense typhoons. On June 23, the PAGASA released their monthly climate outlook for the rest of 2021, predicting 5 to 9 tropical cyclones developing or entering their area of responsibility from July to September, and 5 to 8 tropical cyclones from October to December. TSR issued an update to their forecast on July 7, reiterating their expectations for slightly below-average activity. On August 9, TSR issued their final forecast for the season, slightly lowering their numbers to 25 named storms, 13 typhoons and 7 intense typhoons.


Seasonal summary

The season began in January with a weak and short-lived tropical depression that brought damages to the Philippines. In mid-February, another tropical depression formed, before being assigned the local name ''Auring'' by the PAGASA. The system then strengthened into a tropical storm, being given the name ''Dujuan'' by the JMA, making it the first named storm of the year. Another tropical depression formed in March, though it was short-lived, dissipating shortly after forming. On April 12, a tropical depression formed to the south of
Woleai Woleai, also known as Oleai, is a coral atoll of twenty-two islands in the western Caroline Islands in the Pacific Ocean, and forms a legislative district in the Yap State in the Federated States of Micronesia and is located approximately west-n ...
. It strengthened into a tropical storm, being given the name ''Surigae'' by the JMA. On April 15, it was further upgraded into a severe tropical storm, before being upgraded to a typhoon on the next day, and to a
super typhoon Tropical cyclones are ranked on one of five tropical cyclone intensity scales, according to their maximum sustained winds and which tropical cyclone basins they are located in. Only a few scales of classifications are used officially by the mete ...
on April 17, making it the first of the season and the strongest recorded cyclone to form in the month of April in the Northern Hemisphere, however, it did not hit any landmasses. Then, in mid-May a new tropical depression was named ''Crising'' by the PAGASA and made landfall on
Baganga Baganga (), officially the Municipality of Baganga, is a 1st class municipality in the province of Davao Oriental, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 58,714 people, making it the third largest town in province. It i ...
,
Davao Oriental Davao Oriental ( Cebuano: ''Sidlakang Dabaw''; tl, Silangang Davao), officially the Province of Davao Oriental, is a province in the Philippines located in the Davao Region in Mindanao. Its capital is city of Mati, and it borders the province o ...
as a weak tropical storm, bringing minimal damages due to its small size. Two tropical depressions formed on May 29 and 30 respectively, with the first being assigned the local name ''Dante'' by the PAGASA. Dante intensified into a tropical storm, being assigned the name Choi-wan, before moving over the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
and making landfall eight times, bringing widespread damages to the country. A tropical depression formed behind Choi-wan on May 30; it didn't develop further. The second typhoon of the season, Champi, briefly threatened the
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before recurving through the main Japanese islands. Another depression formed at the end of June; it stayed from any landmasses while two tropical depressions formed in early July with both of them affecting land. One of them was named ''Emong'' by PAGASA. In mid-July, In-fa formed and became the third typhoon of the season. The storm contributed to rainfall and flooding in eastern
China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
as it made landfall near
Shanghai Shanghai (; , , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ) is one of the four direct-administered municipalities of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The city is located on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the Huangpu River flow ...
. Meanwhile, tropical storm Cempaka affected southern China and northern
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
. Another tropical storm, Nepartak, formed as Cempaka made landfall. Nepartak affected Japan in late July, disrupting the
2020 Summer Olympics The , officially the and also known as , was an international multi-sport event held from 23 July to 8 August 2021 in Tokyo, Japan, with some preliminary events that began on 21 July. Tokyo was selected as the host city during the ...
, before becoming extratropical in the
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. By the end of July, activity abruptly exploded as eight tropical depressions formed within a week. Half of them were short-lived and dissipated without becoming tropical storms. Another depression and the remaining three were named ''Lupit'', ''Nida'', and ''Mirinae''. Lupit and Mirinae both threatened
Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
while Nida stayed out to sea. A system from the Central Pacific traveled a long distance and became Tropical Storm Omais over the
Philippine Sea The Philippine Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean east of the Philippine archipelago (hence the name), the largest in the world, occupying an estimated surface area of . The Philippine Sea Plate forms the floor of the sea. Its ...
. After Omais, the tropics stayed quiet for the rest of August until early September, when Conson rapidly intensified to become a typhoon in less than 24 hours before hitting the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
and Chanthu becoming the second Category 5-equivalent super typhoon of the season. After Chanthu dissipated, there was a pause in activity until Typhoon Mindulle and Tropical storm Dianmu formed. Dianmu soon made landfall on Vietnam and dissipated, but Mindulle went on to become the third Category 5-equivalent super typhoon of the season. Soon thereafter in the month of October, four storm named Lionrock, Kompasu, Namtheun, and Malou formed. Lionrock made landfall over Vietnam, causing agricultural damage. Kompasu made landfall in the Philippines and later China, causing severe flooding, infrastructure, and agricultural damage. Tropical Depression Nando also formed in early October but was absorbed by Kompasu. Namtheun initially peaked as a minimal tropical storm while being highly sheared, but unexpectedly conditions became briefly more favorable and peaked as a minimal typhoon. The system transitioned into an extratropical low before explosively intensifying into a bomb cyclone and impacting the
Pacific Northwest The Pacific Northwest (sometimes Cascadia, or simply abbreviated as PNW) is a geographic region in western North America bounded by its coastal waters of the Pacific Ocean to the west and, loosely, by the Rocky Mountains to the east. Though ...
. In late October, Malou peaked as a Category 2-equivalent typhoon, and only impacted the
Bonin Islands The Bonin Islands, also known as the , are an archipelago of over 30 subtropical and tropical islands, some directly south of Tokyo, Japan and northwest of Guam. The name "Bonin Islands" comes from the Japanese word ''bunin'' (an archaic readi ...
. In the South China Sea, tropical depression 26W formed before making landfall in southern Vietnam and causing torrential flooding. After an unusual four-week break of inactivity, Nyatoh formed on November 29 and later strengthened to a typhoon on December 1. It later turned towards the northeast, became a super typhoon then transitioned into an extratropical cyclone. After Nyatoh, in the early week of
December December is the twelfth and final month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars and is also the last of seven months to have a length of 31 days. December got its name from the Latin word ''decem'' (meaning ten) because it was or ...
, a disturbance formed east of the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
and moved eastward, while dumping rains on parts of
Visayas The Visayas ( ), or the Visayan Islands (Bisayan languages, Visayan: ''Kabisay-an'', ; tl, Kabisayaan ), are one of the three Island groups of the Philippines, principal geographical divisions of the Philippines, along with Luzon and Mindanao ...
and
Mindanao Mindanao ( ) ( Jawi: مينداناو) is the second-largest island in the Philippines, after Luzon, and seventh-most populous island in the world. Located in the southern region of the archipelago, the island is part of an island group of ...
. After that, it merged with another invest (designated ''96W'' by the
Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South P ...
) and headed towards the west-northwest. It later strengthened to a tropical depression by December 12, with the JTWC later designating it as 28W. 9 hours later, 28W intensified to Tropical Storm Rai, meaning '' Yapese stone money.'' Rai continued intensifying as it headed west and passed south of Ngulu State, and intensified into a severe tropical storm by 14 December. It got battered by wind shear as it neared the small island country of
Palau Palau,, officially the Republic of Palau and historically ''Belau'', ''Palaos'' or ''Pelew'', is an island country and microstate in the western Pacific. The nation has approximately 340 islands and connects the western chain of the Caro ...
, and by evening, entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility and was given the local name of ''Odette''. Four hours later, Rai (Odette) began showing an eye feature first seen in
microwave imaging Microwave imaging is a science which has been evolved from older detecting/locating techniques (e.g., radar) in order to evaluate hidden or embedded objects in a structure (or media) using electromagnetic (EM) waves in microwave regime (i.e., ~300&n ...
, with Rai later becoming a Category 1-equivalent typhoon. Steady intensification ensued, and Rai later reached Category 2-equivalent status. By the evening of December 15, Typhoon Rai underwent unexpected rapid intensification, doubling its wind speeds from a 120 km/h (75 mph) to 260 km/h (160 mph)—Category 5-equivalent winds—by December 16, effectively making it a
super typhoon Tropical cyclones are ranked on one of five tropical cyclone intensity scales, according to their maximum sustained winds and which tropical cyclone basins they are located in. Only a few scales of classifications are used officially by the mete ...
. Rai then began an eyewall replacement cycle shortly after reaching its first peak intensity, weakening below Category 5-equivalent status. It made landfall in General Luna, Surigao del Norte as a 155 mph Category 4-equivalent storm. It made 8 more landfalls, weakening to a Category 2-equivalent typhoon by the time it entered the
Sulu Sea The Sulu Sea ( fil, Dagat Sulu; Tausug: ''Dagat sin Sūg''; Chavacano: ''Mar de Sulu''; Cebuano: ''Dagat sa Sulu''; Hiligaynon: ''Dagat sang Sulu''; Karay-a: ''Dagat kang Sulu''; Cuyonon: ''Dagat i'ang Sulu''; ms, Laut Sulu) is a body o ...
. Rai then began to re-intensify, making its 10th landfall in Roxas, Palawan. After this, Rai continued re-intensification, becoming a Category 5-equivalent typhoon once again in the
South China Sea The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean. It is bounded in the north by the shores of South China (hence the name), in the west by the Indochinese Peninsula, in the east by the islands of Taiwan and northwestern Phil ...
, the first in the month of December and the third to do so after
Typhoon Pamela (1954) The 1954 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1954, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when ...
and Typhoon Rammasun. After this, Rai began weakening, eventually dissipating west of the
Batanes Batanes, officially the Province of Batanes ( ivv, Provinsiya nu Batanes; Ilocano: ''Probinsia ti Batanes''; fil, Lalawigan ng Batanes, ), is an archipelagic province in the Philippines, administratively part of the Cagayan Valley region. It i ...
in December 21. A tropical depression, designated ''29W'' by JTWC, formed in December 14 and affected
Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...
with widespread flooding, and struck around the same time as Rai was pounding through the
Visayas The Visayas ( ), or the Visayan Islands (Bisayan languages, Visayan: ''Kabisay-an'', ; tl, Kabisayaan ), are one of the three Island groups of the Philippines, principal geographical divisions of the Philippines, along with Luzon and Mindanao ...
. 29W dissipated by December 17, as Rai entered the Sulu Sea. Rai contributed to the change of
PAGASA Pagasa may refer to: * ''Pagasa'' (genus), an insect genus in the family Nabidae *PAGASA, an acronym for the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration *"May Pagasa", a pen-name of José Rizal *Pagasa, alternate s ...
's Tropical Cyclone Wind Signals and TC classification, which itself was deemed as a super typhoon by the agency when the change was made in March 23, 2022.


Systems


Tropical Storm Dujuan (Auring)

At 06:00 UTC on February 16, the JMA reported that a tropical depression had formed. Eight hours later, the JTWC issued a
Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert A Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) is a bulletin released by the U.S. Navy-operated Joint Typhoon Warning Center in Honolulu, Hawaii or the Fleet Weather Center in Norfolk, Virginia, warning of the possibility of a tropical cyclone forming ...
(TCFA) for the system. By February 17, the system moved into the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR), being assigned the local name ''Auring'' from the PAGASA. At 06:00 UTC on the same day, the JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical depression, giving it the designation ''01W''. On February 18, as it neared the Philippines, the JMA, JTWC, and the PAGASA upgraded the system to a tropical storm. with the JMA assigning it the name ''Dujuan''. The PAGASA later upgraded Dujuan to a severe tropical storm; however, this only lasted for six hours. On February 20, the storm significantly weakened due to high vertical wind shear, prompting the JTWC to downgrade the system back to a tropical depression. By February 22, all agencies had downgraded the system to a tropical depression after the system's center had weakened prior to making landfall. The JMA and the JTWC issued their final advisories moments after. The storm made landfall over Batag Island in
Laoang Laoang, officially the Municipality of Laoang ( war, Bungto han Laoang; tl, Bayan ng Laoang), is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Northern Samar, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 61,607 people. It is ...
,
Northern Samar Northern Samar ( war, Amihanan Samar/Norte san Samar; tl, Hilagang Samar), officially the Province of Northern Samar, is a Provinces of the Philippines, province in the Philippines located in the Eastern Visayas Regions of the Philippines, regio ...
at 09:00 PHT (01:00 UTC) on February 22, dissipating thereafter. Dujuan briefly moved over
Palau Palau,, officially the Republic of Palau and historically ''Belau'', ''Palaos'' or ''Pelew'', is an island country and microstate in the western Pacific. The nation has approximately 340 islands and connects the western chain of the Caro ...
on February 16 as a tropical depression, bringing heavy
rainfall Rain is water droplets that have condensed from atmospheric water vapor and then fall under gravity. Rain is a major component of the water cycle and is responsible for depositing most of the fresh water on the Earth. It provides water f ...
to parts of the country. In anticipation of the storm, the PAGASA raised Signal #1 warnings for the eastern section of
Mindanao Mindanao ( ) ( Jawi: مينداناو) is the second-largest island in the Philippines, after Luzon, and seventh-most populous island in the world. Located in the southern region of the archipelago, the island is part of an island group of ...
and on the eastern provinces of
Visayas The Visayas ( ), or the Visayan Islands (Bisayan languages, Visayan: ''Kabisay-an'', ; tl, Kabisayaan ), are one of the three Island groups of the Philippines, principal geographical divisions of the Philippines, along with Luzon and Mindanao ...
on February 19. Signal 2 warnings were also issued for the majority of Samar Island,
Southern Leyte Southern Leyte ( ceb, Habagatang Leyte; Kabalian: ''Habagatan nga Leyte''; war, Salatan nga Leyte; tl, Timog Leyte), officially the Province of Southern Leyte, is a province in the Philippines located in the Eastern Visayas region. Its capital ...
, the
Dinagat Islands Dinagat Islands (Cebuano language, Cebuano: ''Mga Pulo sa Dinagat''; Surigaonon language, Surigaonon: ''Mga Puyo nan Dinagat''; Kabalian language, Kabalian: ''Mga Puyo san Dinagat''; Waray language, Waray: ''Mga Purô han Dinagat''; Filipino lang ...
, and
Surigao del Norte Surigao del Norte ( Surigaonon: ''Probinsya nan Surigao del Norte''; ceb, Amihanang Surigao; Tagalog: ''Hilagang Surigao''), officially the Province of Surigao del Norte, is a province in the Philippines located in the Caraga region of Mindanao. ...
on February 21, prior to its landfall. Classes and government work were suspended on February 22 in parts of
Eastern Visayas Eastern Visayas ( war, Sinirangan Kabisay-an; ceb, Sidlakang Kabisay-an; tl, Silangang Kabisayaan or ''Silangang Visayas'') is an administrative region in the Philippines, designated as Region VIII. It consists of three main islands, Samar, ...
and Central Visayas, including Surigao del Sur. A total of 242,194 individuals were affected in Northern Mindanao, Caraga, and in the
Davao Region Davao Region, formerly called Southern Mindanao ( ceb, Rehiyon sa Davao; fil, Rehiyon ng Davao), is an administrative region in the Philippines, designated as Region XI. It is situated at the southeastern portion of Mindanao and comprises fi ...
. At least 77,811 of the affected individuals were taken to 344 various evacuation shelters in each region. One person was reported dead with four others reported missing, with total damages to agriculture and infrastructure amounting to
The Philippine peso sign (₱) is the currency symbol used for the Philippine peso, the official currency of the Philippines. The symbol resembles a Roman letter P with two horizontal strokes. It differs from the currency symbol used for the pe ...
159.8 million (US$3.29 million).


Typhoon Surigae (Bising)

A low-pressure area south of Woleai developed into a tropical depression on April 12. A few hours later, the JTWC issued a TCFA for the developing storm, with the PAGASA beginning to issue advisories for the tropical depression as it remained outside of the PAR. On April 13, the JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical depression and assigned it the designation ''02W''. At 18:00 UTC, the JMA upgraded the cyclone to a tropical storm and named it ''Surigae''. On April 15 at 00:00 UTC, the JMA upgraded Surigae to a severe tropical storm as an
eye Eyes are organs of the visual system. They provide living organisms with vision, the ability to receive and process visual detail, as well as enabling several photo response functions that are independent of vision. Eyes detect light and conv ...
began forming. Later that day, the JTWC upgraded the storm to a typhoon, making it the first of the season. Surigae then entered the PAGASA's Philippine Area of Responsibility, getting the local name ''Bising.'' The JMA followed suit early on the next day as a
central dense overcast The central dense overcast, or CDO, of a tropical cyclone or strong subtropical cyclone is the large central area of thunderstorms surrounding its circulation center, caused by the formation of its eyewall. It can be round, angular, oval, or irr ...
developed and filled the original eye. Surigae continued to rapidly intensify, and on April 16, the JTWC upgraded Surigae to a Category 2-equivalent typhoon on the SSHWS. The system continued its rapid intensification until it reached Category 5-equivalent super typhoon status, becoming the most intense typhoon ever recorded in the month of April. Surigae soon reached its peak intensity, with a minimum central pressure of , 10-minute
maximum sustained wind The maximum sustained wind associated with a tropical cyclone is a common indicator of the intensity of the storm. Within a mature tropical cyclone, it is found within the eyewall at a distance defined as the radius of maximum wind, or RMW. Unl ...
s of 220 km/h (140 mph), and 1-minute sustained winds of 315 km/h (195 mph). After attaining peak intensity, signs of a concentric eyewall indicated that the storm was undergoing an
eyewall replacement cycle In meteorology, eyewall replacement cycles, also called concentric eyewall cycles, naturally occur in intense tropical cyclones, generally with winds greater than , or major hurricanes ( Category 3 or above). When tropical cyclones reach this int ...
, with the central dense overcast starting to warm and the eye becoming cloud-filled. On April 19, following its eyewall replacement cycle, Surigae became annular. A few days later, on April 22, Surigae began to weaken again, with the storm's structure deteriorating and its large eye dissipating. Soon afterward, all of the remaining convection was sheared to the east as the storm moved over cooler waters. As most of the remaining thunderstorms had dissipated, the JTWC assessed that Surigae transitioned into a subtropical cyclone on April 23. Late on April 24, the JTWC issued their final advisory on the system as it was nearing the completion of its
extratropical transition Extratropical cyclones, sometimes called mid-latitude cyclones or wave cyclones, are low-pressure areas which, along with the anticyclones of high-pressure areas, drive the weather over much of the Earth. Extratropical cyclones are capable of p ...
. A few hours later, the JMA declared that Surigae had become extratropical. After being named, tropical storm watches and warnings were issued for Yap in the
Federated States of Micronesia The Federated States of Micronesia (; abbreviated FSM) is an island country in Oceania. It consists of four states from west to east, Yap, Chuuk, Pohnpei and Kosraethat are spread across the western Pacific. Together, the states comprise a ...
, as well as for
Koror Koror is the state comprising the main commercial centre of the Republic of Palau. It consists of several islands, the most prominent being Koror Island (also ''Oreor Island''). It is Palau’s most populous state. History In the oral tradition ...
and Kayangel in Palau on April 14. Warnings were eventually issued for Ngulu Atoll as well. Winds of up to 30 mph (50 km/h) were recorded in Yap on that day as Surigae passed from the southwest. Damage in Palau was estimated at US$4.8 million. On April 16, as the storm tracked towards the Philippines, the PAGASA issued Signal #1 warnings for areas around the country, also issuing Signal #2 warnings the next day for Catanduanes and
Samar Samar ( ) is the third-largest and seventh-most populous island in the Philippines, with a total population of 1,909,537 as of the 2020 census. It is located in the eastern Visayas, which are in the central Philippines. The island is divided in ...
. Very strong winds and heavy
rain Rain is water droplets that have condensed from atmospheric water vapor and then fall under gravity. Rain is a major component of the water cycle and is responsible for depositing most of the fresh water on the Earth. It provides water f ...
s affected the eastern part of the Philippines, with
storm surge A storm surge, storm flood, tidal surge, or storm tide is a coastal flood or tsunami-like phenomenon of rising water commonly associated with low-pressure weather systems, such as cyclones. It is measured as the rise in water level above the n ...
inundating parts of coastline nearest to the typhoon. Surigae killed a total of 8 people and left another 10 missing. The storm also caused at least
The Philippine peso sign (₱) is the currency symbol used for the Philippine peso, the official currency of the Philippines. The symbol resembles a Roman letter P with two horizontal strokes. It differs from the currency symbol used for the pe ...
272.55 million (
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5.65 million) in damages.


Tropical Depression 03W (Crising)

On May 11, the JTWC noted a persistent area of
convection Convection is single or multiphase fluid flow that occurs spontaneously due to the combined effects of material property heterogeneity and body forces on a fluid, most commonly density and gravity (see buoyancy). When the cause of the convec ...
in the
Philippine Sea The Philippine Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean east of the Philippine archipelago (hence the name), the largest in the world, occupying an estimated surface area of . The Philippine Sea Plate forms the floor of the sea. Its ...
, approximately west of Palau. The JTWC issued a TCFA for the convection on May 12, as it further developed in an environment with low vertical wind shear and warm
sea surface temperature Sea surface temperature (SST), or ocean surface temperature, is the ocean temperature close to the surface. The exact meaning of ''surface'' varies according to the measurement method used, but it is between and below the sea surface. Air mass ...
s. Just three hours later, the agency recognised that the area of convection had quickly consolidated into a tropical depression and assigned it with the identifier of ''03W''. Around the same time, the JMA had also recognised the storm as a tropical depression while it was to the east of Mindanao. Since the storm developed within the Philippine Area of Responsibility, the PAGASA immediately named the storm ''Crising'' once the agency recognized it as a tropical depression as well, and later raised Signal No. 2 warnings for areas in Mindanao. In the early hours of May 13, the JTWC upgraded the system into a tropical storm, with the PAGASA following suit hours later. Later that day, Crising's low-level circulation center became exposed due to wind shear, and it lost organization. At 8:20 p.m.
Philippine Standard Time Philippine Standard Time (PST or PhST; fil, Pamantayang Oras ng Pilipinas), also known as Philippine Time (PHT), is the official name for the time zone used in the Philippines. The country only uses one time zone, at an offset of UTC+08:00, b ...
(12:20 UTC), Crising made landfall in Baganga, Davao Oriental as a weakening tropical storm. It quickly degraded as soon as it made landfall, with both the JTWC and the PAGASA downgrading it to a tropical depression at 15:00 UTC. At 03:00 UTC on that day, the PAGASA reported that the system degenerated to an area of low-pressure in the vicinity of Piagapo in Lanao del Sur, thus lifting all warning signals on Mindanao and issuing their final advisory. On May 14, the system dissipated over the
Sulu Sea The Sulu Sea ( fil, Dagat Sulu; Tausug: ''Dagat sin Sūg''; Chavacano: ''Mar de Sulu''; Cebuano: ''Dagat sa Sulu''; Hiligaynon: ''Dagat sang Sulu''; Karay-a: ''Dagat kang Sulu''; Cuyonon: ''Dagat i'ang Sulu''; ms, Laut Sulu) is a body o ...
, and both the JMA and the JTWC issued their final advisories on the storm. In preparations for the storm, the local government of Davao Occidental raised a blue alert on May 13, with the authorities in the area preparing rescue equipment in case of emergency. The PAGASA also warned small vessels near the area to stay away from the rough seas caused by the storm. Schools were ordered to be suspended from that day in Davao Occidental, including the submission of modules. When Crising made landfall, it caused widespread rains and flooding across Mindanao and Southern Visayas. Gusty winds were also felt in parts of Mindanao where the storm passed. In Baganga, some trees were knocked down by strong winds, while strong winds with heavy rainfall were reported in
Cateel Cateel (), officially the Municipality of Cateel ( ceb, Lungsod sa Cateel; tl, Bayan ng Cateel), is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Davao Oriental, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 44,207 people. Cate ...
and
Boston Boston (), officially the City of Boston, is the state capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as well as the cultural and financial center of the New England region of the United States. It is the 24th- mo ...
, all in the province. Three men and a carabao were required to be rescued from the rising
Kabacan River The Kabacan River is a river in the province of Cotabato in the Philippines. It is a tributary of the Pulangi River, discharging at Kayaga, Kabacan, Cotabato. Flooding Flooding occurs during heavy rainfall, thunderstorms A thundersto ...
in the early hours of May 14; they were successfully released safely from the said river. An evacuation center in
South Upi, Maguindanao South Upi, officially the Municipality of South Upi ( Maguindanaon: ''Pagabagatan Upi''; Iranun: ''Inged a South Upi''; tl, Bayan ng South Upi), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Maguindanao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 202 ...
were reported to be flooded and some crops near the center were submerged in floodwaters, all due to a rising river near the area. Agricultural damages were estimated at ₱23.2 million (US$486,000).


Tropical Storm Choi-wan (Dante)

On May 27, the JMA and the JTWC noted the persistence of an area of atmospheric convection about south-southeast of
Guam Guam (; ch, Guåhan ) is an organized, unincorporated territory of the United States in the Micronesia subregion of the western Pacific Ocean. It is the westernmost point and territory of the United States (reckoned from the geographic cent ...
. The area's nearby environment exhibited low wind shear and warm sea surface temperatures, which were ideal conditions for tropical cyclogenesis. The JMA assessed the area to have developed into a tropical depression on May 29 at 06:00 UTC. The PAGASA made a similar assessment in a Tropical Cyclone Advisory issued at 15:00 UTC. The JTWC later followed with their own assessment, identifying the center of the newly developed tropical depression and assigning the designation ''04W''. As the system tracked westward, it entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility at 01:00 PHT (17:00 UTC). The PAGASA then named the storm ''Dante'' in its first Tropical Cyclone Bulletin for the storm. Dante further organized in the Philippine Sea, and on May 30 at 15:00 UTC, the JTWC upgraded it to a tropical storm, with the PAGASA doing the same at 21:00 UTC. On the next day at 00:00 UTC, the JMA also upgraded Dante into a tropical storm, giving it the international name ''Choi-wan''. Choi-wan's center was exposed due to a
tropical upper tropospheric trough A tropical upper tropospheric trough (TUTT), also known as the mid-oceanic trough, is a trough situated in the upper-level (at about 200 hPa) tropics. Its formation is usually caused by the intrusion of energy and wind from the mid-latitudes into th ...
from the northeast, inducing shear on the system. On June 1 at 12:30 UTC, Choi-wan made landfall on Sulat, Eastern Samar as a minimal tropical storm, with the JTWC downgrading it to a tropical depression at 15:00 UTC. It made a second landfall on
Cataingan Cataingan, officially the Municipality of Cataingan, is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Masbate, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 50,623 people. It is about southeast of Masbate City. History In 1 ...
at 17:00 UTC. Choi-wan made several more landfalls on the Philippines, making its third landfall on Balud, Masbate at 19:30 UTC. It made a fourth landfall on Romblon, Romblon on June 2 at 00:00 UTC, a fifth on San Agustin, Romblon at 00:50 UTC, a sixth on
Pola, Oriental Mindoro Pola, officially the Municipality of Pola ( tgl, Bayan ng Pola), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Oriental Mindoro, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 35,455 people. Pola is the birthplace of former ...
at 06:00 UTC, a seventh on
Tingloy, Batangas Tingloy, officially the Municipality of Tingloy ( tgl, Bayan ng Tingloy), is a 5th class municipality in the province of Batangas, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 19,215 people. The municipality comprises Mari ...
at 11:20 UTC, and an eighth and final landfall on the Calatagan Peninsula before moving into the South China Sea. On June 3 at 03:00 UTC, the JTWC upgraded Choi-wan back to a tropical storm. At 03:00 UTC, the PAGASA removed all Tropical Cyclone Warning Signals as Choi-wan moved away from the country. Choi-wan then exited the PAR on June 3 at 18:00 UTC before weakening into a tropical depression on the next day at 06:00 UTC and re-entering the PAR at 08:00 UTC. Then, it passed southeast of the island of
Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...
before moving out near the
Okinawa Prefecture is a prefecture of Japan. Okinawa Prefecture is the southernmost and westernmost prefecture of Japan, has a population of 1,457,162 (as of 2 February 2020) and a geographic area of 2,281 km2 (880 sq mi). Naha is the capital and largest city o ...
and heading towards
Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
. On June 5 at 06:00 UTC, the
Japan Meteorological Agency The , abbreviated JMA, is an agency of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. It is charged with gathering and providing results for the public in Japan that are obtained from data based on daily scientific observation an ...
issued their final advisory on the system. 3 hours later at 09:00 UTC, the JTWC upgraded Choi-wan back into a tropical storm, however at 15:00 UTC, the
Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South P ...
downgraded the system to a tropical depression, also issuing their final advisory on the system. Heavy rains caused floods in parts of Mindanao; 11 fatalities were reported, 3 people were injured, and 2 people are missing. As of June 4, 55,226 people were affected and 16,680 people are inside evacuation centers. A total of ₱307.2 million (US$6.39 million) of damages were incurred throughout the country, of which ₱152.1 million (US$3.17 million) was agricultural damages and ₱155.1 million (US$3.23 million) was related to infrastructure. On June 1, classes and government work for parts of Davao de Oro,
Eastern Samar Eastern Samar (Waray-Waray: ''Sinirangan Samar''; tl, Silangang Samar), officially the Province of Eastern Samar, is a province in the Philippines located in the Eastern Visayas region. Its capital is the city of Borongan. Eastern Samar occupies ...
,
Leyte Leyte ( ) is an island in the Visayas group of islands in the Philippines. It is eighth-largest and sixth-most populous island in the Philippines, with a total population of 2,626,970 as of 2020 census. Since the accessibility of land has be ...
, and Surigao del Sur were suspended for the day.


Tropical Storm Koguma

On June 10, the JTWC started to monitor an area of low-pressure in the
South China Sea The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean. It is bounded in the north by the shores of South China (hence the name), in the west by the Indochinese Peninsula, in the east by the islands of Taiwan and northwestern Phil ...
, approximately to the south of
Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China ( abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China on the eastern Pearl River Delt ...
, with the agency classifying the system as a monsoon depression. Tracking west-northwestward, the storm was located in a favorable environment for further development, with warm
sea surface temperatures Sea surface temperature (SST), or ocean surface temperature, is the ocean temperature close to the surface. The exact meaning of ''surface'' varies according to the measurement method used, but it is between and below the sea surface. Air masse ...
and low wind shear. At 00:00 UTC on June 11, the JMA upgraded the system into a tropical depression. Six hours later, the JTWC issued a TCFA for the system as it began to show characteristics of a monsoon depression. By 18:00 UTC, the JMA upgraded the system to a tropical storm, assigning it the name ''Koguma''. On June 12 at 00:00 UTC, the JTWC upgraded Koguma to a tropical depression, assigning it the designation ''05W''. Later that day, the JTWC also upgraded Koguma to a tropical storm. By June 12, it had made landfall southeast of
Hanoi Hanoi or Ha Noi ( or ; vi, Hà Nội ) is the capital and second-largest city of Vietnam. It covers an area of . It consists of 12 urban districts, one district-leveled town and 17 rural districts. Located within the Red River Delta, Hanoi is ...
, dissipating on the next day. 1 person died in Yên Bái province as a result of Koguma.


Typhoon Champi

At 00:00 UTC on June 18, the JTWC started to monitor a broad area of convection nearly to the south-southwest of
Pohnpei Pohnpei "upon (''pohn'') a stone altar (''pei'')" (formerly known as Ponape or Ascension, Proto-Chuukic-Pohnpeic: ''*Fawo ni pei)'' is an island of the Senyavin Islands which are part of the larger Caroline Islands group. It belongs to Pohnpei ...
. The system remained weak as it moved northwestwards in a favorable environment for further intensification, characterized by warm sea surface temperatures, low to moderate wind shear and good
outflow Outflow may refer to: *Capital outflow, the capital leaving a particular economy *Bipolar outflow, in astronomy, two continuous flows of gas from the poles of a star *Outflow (hydrology), the discharge of a lake or other reservoir system * Outflow ...
; the disturbance remained weak as it moved northwestwards. The JTWC issued a TCFA on the system two days later, though the system remained disorganised. The JMA upgraded the system to a tropical depression at 00:00 UTC on June 21. Meanwhile, the JTWC designated it as ''06W'' in their first advisory on the system, with an exposed LLCC being evident on satellite imagery due to moderate wind shear, being induced by a tropical upper tropospheric trough to its north. By 21:00 on June 21, 06W made its closest passage to the south-southwest of Guam, continuing its northwest track. On June 22, at 06:00 UTC, the JTWC upgraded the system into a tropical storm as it continued to move away from Guam. The JMA followed and upgraded the system into a tropical storm, in June 23 at 00:00 UTC, and assigned it the name ''Champi''. At 18:00 UTC, the JMA upgraded the storm to a severe tropical storm as it turned northwestwards. At this time, a microwave imagery scan of Champi revealed an eye feature emerging in the system; however, this was short lived as dry air continued to impact the storm from the west. In addition, poleward outflow on the system remained weak on June 24, restricting Champi to significantly develop. However, on the next day, as a shortwave trough crossed the
Ryukyu Islands The , also known as the or the , are a chain of Japanese islands that stretch southwest from Kyushu to Taiwan: the Ōsumi, Tokara, Amami, Okinawa, and Sakishima Islands (further divided into the Miyako and Yaeyama Islands), with Yonaguni ...
, the outflow increased on the storm which allowed it to intensify further. On June 25, at 06:00 UTC, the JMA officially declared the storm a typhoon. The JTWC soon followed, upgrading it into a Category 1-equivalent typhoon. At this time, a Champi turned north and north-northwestwards, and subsequently reached its peak intensity of 120 km/h (75 mph) ten-minute
maximum sustained winds The maximum sustained wind associated with a tropical cyclone is a common indicator of the intensity of the storm. Within a mature tropical cyclone, it is found within the eyewall at a distance defined as the radius of maximum wind, or RMW. Unl ...
with a minimum
barometric pressure Atmospheric pressure, also known as barometric pressure (after the barometer), is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth. The standard atmosphere (symbol: atm) is a unit of pressure defined as , which is equivalent to 1013.25 millibars, 7 ...
of by 21:00 UTC on June 25, however it was downgraded to a tropical storm a day later. The storm continued to weaken as it move towards the Japanese islands, until on June 27, the JMA issued its last advisory at 12:00 UTC as the system became an
extratropical low Extratropical cyclones, sometimes called mid-latitude cyclones or wave cyclones, are low-pressure areas which, along with the anticyclones of high-pressure areas, drive the weather over much of the Earth. Extratropical cyclones are capable of p ...
. The JTWC also issued its last warning for Champi at 09:00 UTC, same day. In the wake of the tropical depression, the
National Weather Service The National Weather Service (NWS) is an Government agency, agency of the Federal government of the United States, United States federal government that is tasked with providing weather forecasts, warnings of hazardous weather, and other weathe ...
in Guam issued a tropical storm watch for Rota in the
Northern Mariana Islands The Northern Mariana Islands, officially the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI; ch, Sankattan Siha Na Islas Mariånas; cal, Commonwealth Téél Falúw kka Efáng llól Marianas), is an unincorporated territory and commonw ...
and a tropical storm warning for the whole island of Guam on June 21. Marine and flash flood warnings were also posted on the former and on
Saipan Saipan ( ch, Sa’ipan, cal, Seipél, formerly in es, Saipán, and in ja, 彩帆島, Saipan-tō) is the largest island of the Northern Mariana Islands, a Commonwealth (U.S. insular area), commonwealth of the United States in the western Pa ...
, Tinian, and other islands in the east and south, while classes on an elementary and a high school in the latter were suspended on the next day due to a reported power outage. Electrical disruptions were also experienced on Chalan Pago, Toto/Canada, and Santa Rita in Guam due to the system's near approach. As it moved away from the island and the Marianas, the watch and warning on these areas were lifted at 01:00 UTC on June 22. In the
Bonin Islands The Bonin Islands, also known as the , are an archipelago of over 30 subtropical and tropical islands, some directly south of Tokyo, Japan and northwest of Guam. The name "Bonin Islands" comes from the Japanese word ''bunin'' (an archaic readi ...
, residents in the area were advised of rough seas and gusty winds caused by Champi.


Tropical Depression 07W (Emong)

On July 2, the JTWC started to monitor a tropical disturbance to the southwest of Guam. Moving northwestwards, the disturbance was located in an environment conducive for intensification in the Philippine Sea, with warm sea surface temperatures, and low wind shear, in addition to good poleward outflow, being induced by an upper-level trough to the northwest. The JMA upgraded the broad and weak system to a tropical depression at 18:00 UTC on the next day, followed by a TCFA being issued by the JTWC an hour and a half later. The PAGASA subsequently upgraded the system to a tropical depression at 02:00 UTC on July 4, naming it ''Emong''. At 21:00 UTC, the JTWC also upgraded the system to a tropical depression, designating it as ''07W''. On July 6, PAGASA issued its last advisory on Tropical Depression Emong at 03:00 UTC as it moved outside the PAR and also lift up the warnings which were imposed earlier in the wake of Emong. Meanwhile, the JMA soon followed and issued its last advisory. JTWC also issued its last advisory as its convection was significantly sheared and its low level circulation dissipated rapidly over six hours. In the Philippines, the depression's approach required the raising of Public Storm Warning Signal No. 1 in the provinces of
Batanes Batanes, officially the Province of Batanes ( ivv, Provinsiya nu Batanes; Ilocano: ''Probinsia ti Batanes''; fil, Lalawigan ng Batanes, ), is an archipelagic province in the Philippines, administratively part of the Cagayan Valley region. It i ...
and the northeastern portion of
Cagayan Cagayan ( ), officially the Province of Cagayan ( ilo, Probinsia ti Cagayan; ibg, Provinsiya na Cagayan; itv, Provinsiya ya Cagayan; fil, Lalawigan ng Cagayan), is a Provinces of the Philippines, province in the Philippines located in the C ...
, including the Babuyan Islands, starting on July 4. The Office of Civil Defense of Cagayan were also on blue alert on the next day due to the storm, with the agency conducting a pre-disaster assessment with other government bureaus that day. The residents in the coastal areas of
Palanan Palanan, officially the Municipality of Palanan ( ilo, Ili ti Palanan; tl, Bayan ng Palanan), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Isabela, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 17,684 people. It was in Pal ...
,
Divilacan Divilacan, officially the Municipality of Divilacan ( ilo, Ili ti Divilacan; tl, Bayan ng Divilacan), is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Isabela, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 5,827 people. Etymo ...
,
Maconacon Maconacon, officially the Municipality of Maconacon ( ilo, Ili ti Maconacon; tl, Bayan ng Maconacon), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Isabela, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 3,977 people, making ...
and Dinapigue in Isabela were also warned of the storm while fishing activities in the region were prohibited due to Emong.


Tropical Depression 08W

At 12:00 UTC on July 3, the
PAGASA Pagasa may refer to: * ''Pagasa'' (genus), an insect genus in the family Nabidae *PAGASA, an acronym for the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration *"May Pagasa", a pen-name of José Rizal *Pagasa, alternate s ...
started to monitor a low-pressure area that developed near Torrijos, Marinduque or 149 kilometers to the south of
Manila Manila ( , ; fil, Maynila, ), officially the City of Manila ( fil, Lungsod ng Maynila, ), is the capital of the Philippines, and its second-most populous city. It is highly urbanized and, as of 2019, was the world's most densely populate ...
, followed by the
Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South P ...
(JTWC)'s advisory at 01:00 UTC on the next day, citing the system's development as "low". In the latter's analysis on the disturbance, multispectral and microwave image scans on the system showed a weak
low-level circulation center The eye is a region of mostly calm weather at the center of tropical cyclones. The eye of a storm is a roughly circular area, typically in diameter. It is surrounded by the ''eyewall'', a ring of towering thunderstorms where the most severe weat ...
over the eastern part of
Mindoro Mindoro is the seventh largest and eighth-most populous island in the Philippines. With a total land area of 10,571 km2 ( 4,082 sq.mi ) and has a population of 1,408,454 as of 2020 census. It is located off the southwestern coast of Luz ...
with flaring convection in the western periphery. Traveling northwestwards, the storm was located in an environment conductive for further intensification, with warm
sea surface temperatures Sea surface temperature (SST), or ocean surface temperature, is the ocean temperature close to the surface. The exact meaning of ''surface'' varies according to the measurement method used, but it is between and below the sea surface. Air masse ...
of , low wind shear around the region and good equatorial
outflow Outflow may refer to: *Capital outflow, the capital leaving a particular economy *Bipolar outflow, in astronomy, two continuous flows of gas from the poles of a star *Outflow (hydrology), the discharge of a lake or other reservoir system * Outflow ...
; however, model forecasts were split regarding the disturbance's strengthening trend. Also that day at 15:00 UTC, the low-pressure area exited the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR), which was followed by the
Japan Meteorological Agency The , abbreviated JMA, is an agency of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. It is charged with gathering and providing results for the public in Japan that are obtained from data based on daily scientific observation an ...
(JMA) upgrading the storm to a tropical depression roughly three hours later. Eventually, the JTWC upgraded the system's potential intensification trend to "high" and subsequently issued a
Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert A Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) is a bulletin released by the U.S. Navy-operated Joint Typhoon Warning Center in Honolulu, Hawaii or the Fleet Weather Center in Norfolk, Virginia, warning of the possibility of a tropical cyclone forming ...
at 00:30 UTC on June 6 as a circulation became well-defined. It then changed its motion towards the west along the periphery of a
subtropical ridge The horse latitudes are the latitudes about 30 degrees north and south of the Equator. They are characterized by sunny skies, calm winds, and very little precipitation. They are also known as Subtropics, subtropical ridges, or highs. It is a h ...
on the north and northwest as it approached the
Hainan Island Hainan (, ; ) is the smallest and southernmost province of the People's Republic of China (PRC), consisting of various islands in the South China Sea. , the largest and most populous island in China,The island of Taiwan, which is slightly l ...
. By 06:00 UTC on the next day, the disturbance moved inland on the region near Lingshui Li Autonomous County before emerging on the
Gulf of Tonkin The Gulf of Tonkin is a gulf at the northwestern portion of the South China Sea, located off the coasts of Tonkin (northern Vietnam) and South China. It has a total surface area of . It is defined in the west and northwest by the northern ...
, in an area of low to moderate wind shear. Later, the disturbance began to reorganize; however, strong wind gradient suppressed its intensification, with flaring convection displaced to the west. Nine hours later, the JTWC upgraded the system to a weak tropical depression with maximum sustained winds of 45 km/h (30 mph); the JMA analysed the storm to be at 55 km/h (35 mph) and a minimum
barometric pressure Atmospheric pressure, also known as barometric pressure (after the barometer), is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth. The standard atmosphere (symbol: atm) is a unit of pressure defined as , which is equivalent to 1013.25 millibars, 7 ...
of 1000
hPa HPA may refer to: Organizations * Harry Potter Alliance, a charity * Halifax Port Authority, Canada * Hamburg Port Authority, Germany * Hawaii Preparatory Academy, a school in Hawaii, US * Health Protection Agency, UK * Heerespersonalamt, the Ger ...
(29.53
inHg Inch of mercury (inHg and ″Hg) is a non- SI unit of measurement for pressure. It is used for barometric pressure in weather reports, refrigeration and aviation in the United States. It is the pressure exerted by a column of mercury in heigh ...
). By the night of that day, the depression, with the identifier ''08W'' from the JTWC made landfall on Thanh Hoa,
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
on that intensity, before subsequently issuing their final warning as the agency confirmed that the system dissipated inland, with the evidences of radar and satellite imagery. The JMA continued to monitor the system until it dissipated at 00:00 UTC on July 8 over
Laos Laos (, ''Lāo'' )), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic ( Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ, French: République démocratique populaire lao), is a socialist ...
. PAGASA issued rainfall advisories on July 6 as the depression's precursor low tracked near the Philippines. The China Meteorological Administration (CMA),
Hong Kong Observatory The Hong Kong Observatory is a weather forecast agency of the government of Hong Kong. The Observatory forecasts the weather and issues warnings on weather-related hazards. It also monitors and makes assessments on radiation levels in Ho ...
(HKO), and
Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau The Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau (SMG, ; pt, Direcção dos Serviços Meteorológicos e Geofisicos) is a department of the Macao Government. It provides weather forecasts and issues warnings on weather-related hazards. It also provides ...
(SMG) issued tropical cyclone warnings on July 7. The warnings imposed by the HKO and SMG were later lifted at 06:10 UTC (14:10  HKT) as the system moved away from Hong Kong and Macao. As the depression approached Vietnam, the Vietnamese Ministry of Defense readied 264,272 soldiers and 1,979 vehicles for potential emergencies. Aquaculture activities were also temporarily banned. A peak rainfall total of was recorded at
Sầm Sơn Sầm Sơn is a resort city in north-central Vietnam, situated 16 km east of Thanh Hóa Province capital, Thanh Hóa, on the shore of the East Sea of Vietnam. History The French colonial rulers began exploiting Sầm Sơn in 1906, and ...
on July 7. Rough seas and flooding were experienced in
Thanh Hóa Thanh Hóa () is the capital of Thanh Hóa Province. The city is situated in the east of the province on the Ma River (Sông Mã), about 150 kilometers (93 miles) south of Hanoi and 1560 kilometers (969 miles) north of Ho Chi Minh City. Thanh ...
's Hoằng Hóa District. About of rice crops and a water pipeline in Minh Luong commune, Van Ban district were both inundated and washed away by floods in
Lào Cai Lào Cai () is a city in the Northwest region of Vietnam. It is the capital of Lào Cai Province. The city borders Bảo Thắng District, Bát Xát District, Sa Pa and the city of Hekou Yao Autonomous County, in Yunnan province of southwes ...
.


Typhoon In-fa (Fabian)

At 06:00 UTC on July 14, the JTWC started to monitor an area of low pressure west-northwest of Guam. Located in an area favorable for intensification with warm sea surface temperatures as its outflow improved, the system struggled to develop under moderate wind shear before gradually intensifying, with the agency issuing a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert at 20:30 UTC on the next day. On July 16, the PAGASA upgraded the disturbance to a tropical depression as it entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility, assigning it the local name ''Fabian''. The JMA later recognized the system as a tropical depression at 03:00 UTC on the same day, with the JTWC doing the same at 09:00 UTC, designating it as ''09W''. On July 18 at 00:00 UTC, the JMA upgraded it to a tropical storm assigning it the name ''In-fa''. The JTWC also upgraded it to a tropical storm at 03:00 UTC. The system had deep flaring convection, however its low-level circulation was broad and elongated. On July 18, at 00:00 UTC, the JMA upgraded the system to a severe tropical storm. In-fa started moving westwards, and as it gradually strengthened, In-fa developed a formative eye on July 20, at 03:00 UTC. At 09:00 UTC, the JTWC declared In-fa to have strengthened into a typhoon as it had deep convection and robust outflow. The JMA also followed suit and upgraded In-fa to a typhoon at 12:00 UTC because of good upper-level outflow and higher sea surface temperatures; however, its central dense overcast was still obscure. On the next day at 03:00 UTC, In-fa strengthened into a Category 2-equivalent typhoon as its central convection continued to deepen. The feeder bands became more compact and the eye of the typhoon became clearer and more defined. The JTWC assessed that it peaked as a Category 2-equivalent typhoon with maximum wind speeds of at 03:00 UTC the same day. Because of dry air, the JTWC later downgraded In-fa to a Category 1-equivalent typhoon at 03:00 UTC the next day despite the presence of warm sea surface temperatures and low wind shear. On July 23 at 21:00 UTC, In-fa got further downgraded to a tropical storm by the JTWC, as its eyewall became fragmented and the deep convection was not continuous over the eye; it later re-intensified into a Category 1-equivalent typhoon again at 03:00 UTC the next day as it regained convective depths and it managed to maintain a ragged eye. At 09:00 UTC, PAGASA issued its final advisory as Typhoon In-fa moved northwards and exited the PAR. On July 24, at 06:00 UTC, In-fa peaked as a typhoon with maximum 10-minute sustained wind speeds of and a minimum pressure of , according to the JMA. On the next day, the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) noted In-fa to have made landfall in
Putuo Island Mount Putuo (, from Sanskrit: "Mount Potalaka") is an island in Putuo District, Zhoushan, Putuo District, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China. It is a renowned site in Chinese Buddhism and is the bodhimaṇḍa of the bodhisattva Guanyin. Mount Putuo ...
at around 04:30 UTC. After making landfall, the JTWC downgraded it to a tropical storm at 09:00 UTC as it eye structure began to degrade. JMA later downgraded to a severe tropical storm at 12:00 UTC, because of influence of land and involvement of dry air. In Okinawa Prefecture, rough waves impacted coastal areas. Rains began to pound Minamidaitō and
Kitadaitōjima , also spelled as Kita Daitō, Kita-Daitō-shima, and Kitadaitō, is the northernmost island in the Daitō Islands group, located in the Philippine Sea southeast of Okinawa, Japan. It is administered as part of the village of Kitadaitō, Shimaj ...
on July 19. Winds up to were recorded on
Nanjō is a city located in the southern part of Okinawa Island in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. Translated literally, the name Nanjō means "southern castle". Many castle ruins, called gusuku in the Okinawan language, can be found throughout the city. T ...
in the early hours of July 21, with being recorded at
Uruma is a city located in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. The modern city of Uruma was established on April 1, 2005, when the cities of Gushikawa and Ishikawa were merged with the towns of Katsuren and Yonashiro (both from Nakagami District). As of M ...
and being recorded at Naha. This was enough to down power lines, which affected 860 people in the main island of
Okinawa is a prefecture of Japan. Okinawa Prefecture is the southernmost and westernmost prefecture of Japan, has a population of 1,457,162 (as of 2 February 2020) and a geographic area of 2,281 km2 (880 sq mi). Naha is the capital and largest city ...
and the villages of
Iheya is a village located in Shimajiri District, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. It encompasses the island of Iheya. As of October 2016, the village has an estimated population of 1,214 and the density of 56 persons per km². The total area is 21.72&n ...
and Izena. In
Mainland China "Mainland China" is a geopolitical term defined as the territory governed by the People's Republic of China (including islands like Hainan or Chongming), excluding dependent territories of the PRC, and other territories within Greater China. ...
, record-breaking rainfall was reported, which caused flooding in the province of
Henan Henan (; or ; ; alternatively Honan) is a landlocked province of China, in the central part of the country. Henan is often referred to as Zhongyuan or Zhongzhou (), which literally means "central plain" or "midland", although the name is al ...
. These devastating floods brought the death toll of the
2021 Henan floods China's Henan Province experienced flooding between 17 and 31 July 2021 as a result of heavy rainfall. On July 20, Zhengzhou, the provincial capital, recorded of rainfall within an hour, the highest ever figure recorded since measurements bega ...
to 99. This was caused because of the moisture associated with Cempaka and In-fa, despite being far away. The CMA issued a blue warning over the
Fujian Fujian (; alternately romanized as Fukien or Hokkien) is a province on the southeastern coast of China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, Guangdong to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the east. Its capi ...
coast and north
Zhejiang Zhejiang ( or , ; , also romanized as Chekiang) is an eastern, coastal province of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Hangzhou, and other notable cities include Ningbo and Wenzhou. Zhejiang is bordered by Jiang ...
. CMA later upgraded the warning to an orange warning as In-fa moved closer to China. After making landfall, CMA downgraded its warning to a yellow warning as the threat of the typhoon lessened. In Taiwan, the Central Weather Bureau issued a heavy rainfall warning for
Kaohsiung Kaohsiung City (Mandarin Chinese: ; Wade–Giles: ''Kao¹-hsiung²;'' Pinyin: ''Gāoxióng'') is a special municipality located in southern Taiwan. It ranges from the coastal urban center to the rural Yushan Range with an area of . Kaohsi ...
,
Pingtung County Pingtung County is a county located in southern Taiwan. It has a warm tropical monsoon climate and is known for its agriculture and tourism. Kenting National Park, Taiwan's oldest national park, is located in the county. The county seat is Pin ...
and Hengchun Peninsula and a sea warning for the northern and eastern coasts of the country as In-fa's periphery nears, however it was cancelled at 02:05 UTC (10:05  TST). In the Philippines, In-fa strengthened the annual monsoon, causing heavy rainfall mainly in
Luzon Luzon (; ) is the largest and most populous island in the Philippines. Located in the northern portion of the Philippines archipelago, it is the economic and political center of the nation, being home to the country's capital city, Manila, as ...
. Heavy rainfall and flooding have been reported in some areas. As the typhoon moved southwest towards the Philippine Sea, PAGASA raised a Signal No. 1 warning for the province of
Batanes Batanes, officially the Province of Batanes ( ivv, Provinsiya nu Batanes; Ilocano: ''Probinsia ti Batanes''; fil, Lalawigan ng Batanes, ), is an archipelagic province in the Philippines, administratively part of the Cagayan Valley region. It i ...
and the Babuyan Islands in preparation of strong winds and heavy rainfall. The warnings were later lifted as it exited the PAR.


Typhoon Cempaka

On July 17, the JMA reported that a tropical depression had formed. The JTWC later issued a TCFA for the system, as the aforementioned area of convection became more organized. By the next day, the JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical depression and designated it as ''10W'', with the storm possessing an improved convective structure and a defined low-level circulation. The JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical storm at 21:00 UTC as it had a defined low-level circulation center with improved banding structure. At 00:00 UTC on July 19, the JMA upgraded the system to a tropical storm, assigning it the name ''Cempaka''. At 21:00 UTC, the JTWC declared Cempaka to have strengthened into a Category 1-equivalent typhoon as it developed a ragged wide eye. The JMA later upgraded it to a severe tropical storm at 00:00 UTC on the next day. On July 20, at 06:00 UTC, Cempaka peaked as a severe tropical storm with 10-sustained maximum wind speed of with minimum pressure of , according to JMA. JTWC assessed that it peaked as a typhoon with maximum 1-minute sustained wind of . Cempaka made landfall near
Jiangcheng District Jiangcheng () is a district of Yangjiang, Guangdong Guangdong (, ), alternatively romanized as Canton or Kwangtung, is a coastal province in South China on the north shore of the South China Sea. The capital of the province is Guangzhou. ...
,
Yangjiang Yangjiang (, ), alternately romanized as Yeungkong, is a prefecture-level city in southwestern Guangdong Province in the People's Republic of China. It borders Maoming to the west, Yunfu to the north, Jiangmen to the east, and looks out to the ...
,
Guangdong Guangdong (, ), alternatively romanized as Canton or Kwangtung, is a coastal province in South China on the north shore of the South China Sea. The capital of the province is Guangzhou. With a population of 126.01 million (as of 2020) ...
Province, and the JTWC downgraded it to a tropical storm at 18:00 UTC the same day as its low-level circulation center became obscure. The JMA also downgraded Cempaka to a tropical storm at 00:00 UTC the next day as it moved further inland and its central dense overcast disappeared. At 09:00 UTC, the JTWC further downgraded Cempaka to a tropical depression as its deep convection declined; however, it still retained a well-defined wind field. After moving inland, Cempaka started moving westward at 00:00 UTC on July 21 due to weak steering flow. Remaining inland, Cempaka maintained tropical storm intensity as it continued westward, but due to unfavorable conditions over land, it weakened into a tropical depression on the next day at 00:00 UTC. On July 22, at 09:00 UTC, Cempaka then moved southwards towards the
Gulf of Tonkin The Gulf of Tonkin is a gulf at the northwestern portion of the South China Sea, located off the coasts of Tonkin (northern Vietnam) and South China. It has a total surface area of . It is defined in the west and northwest by the northern ...
because of the influence of the monsoonal westerlies, while maintaining its tropical depression intensity inland. Cempaka moved southward, crossed
Móng Cái Móng Cái () is a city of Quảng Ninh Province in northern Vietnam. Located on China–Vietnam border, it sits on the southern bank of Beilun River across Dongxing city of China's Guangxi Autonomous Region. It has a population of about 103,000 ...
, Quảng Ninh Province in Vietnam and later entered the Gulf of Tonkin at 03:00 UTC. However, Cempaka further weakened despite the presence of warm sea surface temperatures because of high monsoonal wind shear and land interaction. At 15:00 UTC, the JTWC issued its final warning on the system as it became a weakly defined system with an exposed low-level circulation center over
Bạch Long Vĩ Island Bạch Long Vĩ island is located in the Gulf of Tonkin, about halfway between Haiphong (Vietnam) and Hainan Island ( China). The island is an offshore district of Haiphong city. Fishing comprises the majority of economic activity in the Gulf o ...
. On July 26 at 00:00 UTC, the JMA issued its last advisory. In preparation for the tropical depression, the HKO issued a Signal No. 1 warning for Hong Kong at 13:40 UTC on July 18, which was later upgraded to a Signal No. 3 warning as Cempaka neared the
Pearl River Delta The Pearl River Delta Metropolitan Region (PRD; ; pt, Delta do Rio das Pérolas (DRP)) is the low-lying area surrounding the Pearl River estuary, where the Pearl River flows into the South China Sea. Referred to as the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Mac ...
. However, as it moved away from Hong Kong, the HKO downgraded it to a Signal No. 1 warning, which was later cancelled at 11:40 UTC. The CMA issued an orange alert for the southern provinces of China as Cempaka moved closer to
Guangdong, China Guangdong (, ), alternatively romanized as Canton or Kwangtung, is a coastal province in South China on the north shore of the South China Sea. The capital of the province is Guangzhou. With a population of 126.01 million (as of 2020) ...
, though it was later downgraded to a blue alert as it entered the Chinese mainland. It was later lifted by the CMA, as the threat of Cempaka was minimal. As Cempaka made landfall in Guangdong, there were reports of heavy rainfall and rough waves in the region. Over 990 flights were cancelled in Guangzhou,
Shenzhen Shenzhen (; ; ; ), also historically known as Sham Chun, is a major sub-provincial city and one of the special economic zones of China. The city is located on the east bank of the Pearl River estuary on the central coast of southern province ...
and
Zhuhai Zhuhai (, ; Yale: ''Jyūhói''), also known as Chuhai is a prefecture-level city located on the west bank of Pearl River estuary on the central coast of southern Guangdong province, People's Republic of China, on the southeastern edge of Pearl ...
. The influence of Cempaka caused heavy rainfall in Henan Province, along with In-fa causing devastating floods in the region.


Tropical Storm Nepartak

At 06:00 UTC on July 22, the
Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South P ...
(JTWC) started to monitor a tropical disturbance with
subtropical The subtropical zones or subtropics are geographical zone, geographical and Köppen climate classification, climate zones to the Northern Hemisphere, north and Southern Hemisphere, south of the tropics. Geographically part of the Geographical z ...
features along the eastern portion of a monsoon trough, located approximately to the north of
Guam Guam (; ch, Guåhan ) is an organized, unincorporated territory of the United States in the Micronesia subregion of the western Pacific Ocean. It is the westernmost point and territory of the United States (reckoned from the geographic cent ...
. A weak system, multispectral satellite imageries revealed that the disturbance was disorganized along the said trough, while advanced scaterrometer data showed another same feature with southerly convergent flow over the northern
Mariana Islands The Mariana Islands (; also the Marianas; in Chamorro: ''Manislan Mariånas'') are a crescent-shaped archipelago comprising the summits of fifteen longitudinally oriented, mostly dormant volcanic mountains in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, betw ...
. Environmental analysis depicted an unfavorable amount of wind shear, although the agency noted that the disturbance can form as a subtropical cyclone along the subtropical trough with the help of baroclinity. Tracking northeastward, the system slowly organized, with
low-level circulation center The eye is a region of mostly calm weather at the center of tropical cyclones. The eye of a storm is a roughly circular area, typically in diameter. It is surrounded by the ''eyewall'', a ring of towering thunderstorms where the most severe weat ...
developing seen on meteorological satellite imageries. The
Japan Meteorological Agency The , abbreviated JMA, is an agency of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. It is charged with gathering and providing results for the public in Japan that are obtained from data based on daily scientific observation an ...
(JMA) designated the disturbance as a tropical depression, seventeen hours later while the JTWC upgraded the system's potential intensification trend from "medium" to "high" and subsequently issued a
Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert A Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) is a bulletin released by the U.S. Navy-operated Joint Typhoon Warning Center in Honolulu, Hawaii or the Fleet Weather Center in Norfolk, Virginia, warning of the possibility of a tropical cyclone forming ...
(TCFA) on the storm at 22:30 UTC that day. At 12:00 UTC, Dvorak intensity observations and surface wind data from satellite
scatterometer A scatterometer or diffusionmeter is a scientific instrument to measure the return of a beam of light or radar waves scattered by diffusion in a medium such as air. Diffusionmeters using visible light are found in airports or along roads to measur ...
confirmed that the depression further intensified to the eighth
tropical storm A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain and squalls. Depend ...
of the season, whereupon the JMA named it as ''Nepartak''. The JTWC, however only issued its first warning on Nepartak as ''Tropical Depression 11W'', three hours later as its LLCC further became broad and exposed with its center remaining weakly defined while being steered on the continued direction by a north–south oriented
subtropical ridge The horse latitudes are the latitudes about 30 degrees north and south of the Equator. They are characterized by sunny skies, calm winds, and very little precipitation. They are also known as Subtropics, subtropical ridges, or highs. It is a h ...
. Another nine hours later, the agency further upgraded the system to a subtropical storm as vigorous deep convection further became constant on the east of the still-exposed and elongated circulation center. By July 24, Nepartak was guided north-northeastwards by an upper-level low and a trough. Baroclinic interaction with the latter also led to the development of a large and asymmetric wind field, with the maximum sustained winds of being far from the center. Later, the system's core became ragged as it turned northwards and further northeast before shifting north again while remaining at that intensity. At 09:00 UTC of the next day, the JTWC noted two distinct vorticities, being spaced to each other, with each having an elongated circulation from the south-southwest to the north-northeast. The intensity of Nepartak remained at until 15:00 UTC on July 26, when the system slightly intensified to as it underwent a rapid structural evolution while moving west-northwestwards. At that time, the storm was now almost centered underneath an upper-level low, in which it interacted with for several days prior. Nepartak also began to accelerated as it moved poleward, while subsequently reaching its peak intensity 12 hours later, with winds of and a minimum
barometric pressure Atmospheric pressure, also known as barometric pressure (after the barometer), is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth. The standard atmosphere (symbol: atm) is a unit of pressure defined as , which is equivalent to 1013.25 millibars, 7 ...
of . As it turned towards the north, the system started to approach the
Tōhoku region The , Northeast region, or consists of the northeastern portion of Honshu, the largest island of Japan. This traditional region consists of six prefectures (''ken''): Akita, Aomori, Fukushima, Iwate, Miyagi, and Yamagata. Tōhoku retains a ...
, and its circulation center became well-defined while located under the cold-core low, which was causing dry air intrusions within the cyclone. The system began to weaken to a low-end tropical storm before making landfall near the town of
Minamisanriku is a town in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. , it had an estimated population of 12,516, and a population density of 77 persons per km² in 4504 households. The total area of the town is . It is a resort town on a coastline of wooded islands and moun ...
in Miyagi Prefecture at 23:00 UTC as a subtropical depression. As it rapidly crossed far western
Honshu , historically called , is the largest and most populous island of Japan. It is located south of Hokkaidō across the Tsugaru Strait, north of Shikoku across the Inland Sea, and northeast of Kyūshū across the Kanmon Straits. The island separ ...
, its LLC became disorganized and ragged, with its convective signature collapsing as it crossed the
Japanese Alps The is a series of mountain ranges in Japan which bisect the main island of Honshu. The peaks that tower over central Honshu have long been the object of veneration and pilgrimage. These mountains had long been exploited by local people for raw m ...
. At 15:00 UTC on July 28, the JTWC issued its final warning and bulletin on the system as it emerged over the
Sea of Japan The Sea of Japan is the marginal sea between the Japanese archipelago, Sakhalin, the Korean Peninsula, and the mainland of the Russian Far East. The Japanese archipelago separates the sea from the Pacific Ocean. Like the Mediterranean Sea, it h ...
. Meanwhile, the JMA continued to monitor the remaining remnants on the area until it dissipated at 12:00 UTC on July 31. The system was the first tropical cyclone to make landfall in any part of Miyagi Prefecture since reliable records began in 1951. As Nepartak was anticipated to bring bad weather in the midst of the
2020 Summer Olympics The , officially the and also known as , was an international multi-sport event held from 23 July to 8 August 2021 in Tokyo, Japan, with some preliminary events that began on 21 July. Tokyo was selected as the host city during the ...
, the
rowing competitions Rowing is the act of propelling a human-powered watercraft using the sweeping motions of oars to displace water and generate reactional propulsion. Rowing is functionally similar to paddling, but rowing requires oars to be mechanically att ...
were rescheduled.


Tropical Depression 12W

On August 1, the JTWC issued a TCFA for a disturbance in the open western Pacific as it had an ill-defined low-level circulation center and deep convection. On the next day, at 00:00 UTC, the JMA recognized it as a tropical depression as it was located near
Minami-Tori-shima , also known as Marcus Island, is an isolated Japanese coral atoll in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, located some southeast of Tokyo and east of the closest Japanese island, South Iwo Jima of the Ogasawara Islands, and nearly on a straight li ...
. It was moving northwards at . A few hours later, the JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical depression, giving it the designation ''12W''. At that time, the LLC of the storm remained exposed and its strongest convection or thunderstorms were displaced to the west. A deep-layered subtropical ridge to the east guided the depression to move to the north-northwest while being near from a monsoon gyre. Despite being located in a favorable environment for additional strengthening, another system to the south slowly interacted with the depression, which weakened the storm's intensity. It reached its peak intensity that day, with winds of in the estimates of the JMA and the JTWC. By August 3, the JTWC downgraded 12W to a disturbance as its structure deteriorated; the agency upgraded it back to a tropical depression a day later. The system's LLC then became fully exposed, and on August 6, both the JTWC and the JMA assessed that 12W had dissipated.


Tropical Storm Lupit (Huaning)

On August 2, the JMA noted a tropical depression near Zhanjiang had formed. Soon afterwards, the JTWC issued a TCFA on the disturbance situated approximately 153 nm west-southwest of Hong Kong. On the same day at 21:00 UTC, the JTWC assessed the system as a tropical depression and accordingly designated it as ''13W''. Twenty four hours later, the agency upgraded the system to a tropical storm. On August 4 at 12:00 UTC, the JMA followed suit and designated the system as a tropical storm, assigning it the name ''Lupit''. A day later at 03:20 UTC, it made landfall over Nan'ao County in
Shantou Shantou, alternately romanized as Swatow and sometimes known as Santow, is a prefecture-level city on the eastern coast of Guangdong, China, with a total population of 5,502,031 as of the 2020 census (5,391,028 in 2010) and an administrative ...
,
Guangdong Province Guangdong (, ), alternatively romanized as Canton or Kwangtung, is a coastal province in South China on the north shore of the South China Sea. The capital of the province is Guangzhou. With a population of 126.01 million (as of 2020) ...
. At 08:50 UTC, it made another landfall over Dongshan County in
Zhangzhou Zhangzhou (), alternately romanized as Changchow, is a prefecture-level city in Fujian Province, China. The prefecture around the city proper comprises the southeast corner of the province, facing the Taiwan Strait and surrounding the prefec ...
,
Fujian Province Fujian (; alternately romanized as Fukien or Hokkien) is a province on the southeastern coast of China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, Guangdong to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the east. Its cap ...
. On August 7, it headed eastward and briefly entered the PAR, and was named ''Huaning'' by PAGASA. On August 8, at 18:00 UTC, Lupit peaked as a tropical storm with maximum 10-minute sustained winds of and minimum pressure of . Maximum 1-minute sustained speed of Lupit was . On August 9, at 00:00 UTC, the JMA issued its final warning, as it completed its extratropical transition. At 21:00 UTC, the JTWC followed and issued its final warning.


Severe Tropical Storm Mirinae (Gorio)

On August 3, at 18:00 UTC, the JMA issued a tropical cyclone advisory for a tropical depression which was located off the east coast of Taiwan and north of the Philippines. The JMA later issued its first prognostic reasoning at the same time, stating that clusters of convective bursts were scattered around the low-level circulation. At 22:00 UTC, the same day, the JTWC issued a TCFA for the system, as it had a consolidating low-level circulation, and it was located in a very conductive environment with high sea surface temperatures and low to moderate vertical wind shear. On the next day, at 03:00 UTC, the PAGASA recognized it as a tropical depression and named it ''Gorio'', as it was located inside the PAR. At 06:00 UTC, the JTWC did the same and designated it as ''14W'', as satellite imagery showed a fully exposed mesovortex. On August 5, at 06:00 UTC, the JMA upgraded it to a tropical storm, naming it as ''Mirinae''. Clusters of convective bursts were gathering around the center with a curved manner, with Mirinae having distinct anticyclonic outflow. At 15:00 UTC, the JTWC followed and upgraded it to a tropical storm, as the storm developed a partially exposed low-level circulation center. Flaring convection was present, though it was affected by moderate westerly wind shear. On August 7, at 18:00 UTC, Mirinae peaked as a tropical storm with maximum 10-sustained wind speed of and minimum barometric pressure of . Maximum 1-minute sustained wind speed of Mirinae was . On August 9, at 09:00 UTC, the JTWC issued its final warning for the system. The JMA later issued its last warning on the next day at 00:00 UTC, as it became an extratropical cyclone.


Severe Tropical Storm Nida

On August 3, at 06:00 UTC, the JMA noted a tropical depression north of the
Mariana Islands The Mariana Islands (; also the Marianas; in Chamorro: ''Manislan Mariånas'') are a crescent-shaped archipelago comprising the summits of fifteen longitudinally oriented, mostly dormant volcanic mountains in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, betw ...
which was moving northwards at . At 03:00 UTC, the next day, the JTWC issued a TCFA for the system. By that time, it had developed a partially obscured low-level circulation center. At 15:00 UTC, the JTWC recognized it as a tropical depression, designating it as ''15W''. On August 5, 03:00 UTC, the JTWC upgraded it to a tropical storm, as its low-level circulation center became more defined. Three hours later, the JMA followed and named it ''Nida.'' Satellite imagery showed that convective bursts were organized into a curved band and that the system was exhibiting good anticyclone outflow. On August 6, at 18:00 UTC, the JMA upgraded it to a severe tropical storm, as it had distinct anticyclonic outflow. Nida then started moving eastwards at 6:00 UTC the next day, because a mid-level subtropical high-pressure area along with the
westerlies The westerlies, anti-trades, or prevailing westerlies, are prevailing winds from the west toward the east in the middle latitudes between 30 and 60 degrees latitude. They originate from the high-pressure areas in the horse latitudes and trend to ...
. On August 7, at 09:00 UTC, the JTWC issued the last advisory for the system, as its low-level circulation center was partly exposed due to the westerlies inflicting shear upon the storm. However, the JMA continued to publish bulletins for the system. Nida continued its trajectory. On August 7, 12:00 UTC, the JMA downgraded it to a tropical storm due to shear and a generally less conductive environment. The JMA further downgraded it to an extratropical low at 00:00 UTC the next day as it completed its extratropical transition.


Tropical Storm Omais (Isang)

On August 6, the Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC) first noted an area of disturbed weather positioned around south-southwest of
Honolulu Honolulu (; ) is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Hawaii, which is in the Pacific Ocean. It is an unincorporated county seat of the consolidated City and County of Honolulu, situated along the southeast coast of the island ...
. Four days later, the low-pressure area crossed the
International Date Line The International Date Line (IDL) is an internationally accepted demarcation on the surface of Earth, running between the South and North Poles and serving as the boundary between one calendar day and the next. It passes through the Pacific O ...
, and on August 10, at 06:00 UTC, the JMA declared it as a tropical depression as it was located northeast of
Ratak The Ratak Chain ( Marshallese: , ) is a chain of islands within the island nation of the Marshall Islands. Ratak means "sunrise". It lies to the east of the country's other island chain, the Ralik Chain. In 1999 the total population of the Rata ...
. By 13:00 UTC, the JTWC issued a TCFA for the system as satellite imagery showed it had developed a well-defined low-level circulation. At 15:00 UTC, the JTWC recognized it as a tropical depression and designated it as ''16W'' as satellite imagery depicted developing spiral bands and a defined low-level circulation center. The system briefly became a tropical storm; However, at 21:00 UTC, the JTWC downgraded it to a tropical depression as its convection struggled to organize itself. It regained its intensity at 09:00 UTC the next day as its convection became more organized. Satellite imagery also continued to indicate the presence of a well-defined low-level circulation center. It was downgraded to a tropical depression again on the next day as its low-level circulation center became less defined. On August 16, at 00:00 UTC, the JMA issued its final advisory for the system, losing its tropical cyclone characteristics because of unfavorable conditions. Later at 00:00 UTC, the next day, the JMA started tracking the system again. At 09:00 UTC, the JTWC issued its final advisory as the system's convection became further disorganized despite the presence of a marginally favorable environment. At 19:30 UTC on August 18, the JTWC issued a TCFA for its remnants as its low-level circulation center improved significantly. On August 19, the system was upgraded by PAGASA to a tropical depression, and a few hours later, it received the local name ''Isang'' as it entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility. At 15:00 UTC, the system was re-upgraded to a tropical depression by the JTWC, as its deep convection started to become more organized over the low-level center. On August 20, at 12:00 UTC, the JMA upgraded to a tropical storm, naming it as ''Omais''. Favorable conditions like high sea-surface temperatures, high
tropical cyclone heat potential Tropical Cyclone Heat Potential (TCHP) is one of such non-conventional oceanographic parameters influencing the tropical cyclone intensity. The relationship between Sea Surface Temperature Sea surface temperature (SST), or ocean surface tempera ...
, and low wind shear helped it to develop over the past few hours. The JTWC did the same thing at 21:00 UTC, the same day. At 18:00 UTC the next day, the JMA upgraded it to a severe tropical storm as satellite imagery showed convective bursts gathering around the center in a curved manner; however, shortly after at 06:00 UTC on August 22, it weakened into a tropical storm due to increasing wind shear from the
westerlies The westerlies, anti-trades, or prevailing westerlies, are prevailing winds from the west toward the east in the middle latitudes between 30 and 60 degrees latitude. They originate from the high-pressure areas in the horse latitudes and trend to ...
. At 03:00 UTC on August 23, the JTWC downgraded it to a tropical depression as its convection was severely affected by the extremely high westerly wind shear. On August 24 at 00:00 UTC, the JMA issued its final advisory as the system became an extratropical cyclone over the
Sea of Japan The Sea of Japan is the marginal sea between the Japanese archipelago, Sakhalin, the Korean Peninsula, and the mainland of the Russian Far East. The Japanese archipelago separates the sea from the Pacific Ocean. Like the Mediterranean Sea, it h ...
. Nine hours later, the JTWC followed and issued its last warning for Omais. As the system neared the islands of Guam, the NWS issued a tropical storm watch at 22:36 UTC on August 14. At 10:00 UTC on August 15, the NWS issued a tropical storm watch for the island of Rota. However, all watches were lifted by the NWS at 09:14 UTC the next day as the system further weakened.


Tropical Depression 17W

On September 1 on 00:00 UTC, the JMA noticed a tropical depression near
Wake Island Wake Island ( mh, Ānen Kio, translation=island of the kio flower; also known as Wake Atoll) is a coral atoll in the western Pacific Ocean in the northeastern area of the Micronesia subregion, east of Guam, west of Honolulu, southeast of To ...
. At 06:00 UTC, the JTWC gave a medium chance of formation for the system over the same area, despite being classified as subtropical depression, as it developed a well defined, partially exposed low-level circulation center. At 20:00 UTC, the JTWC issued a TCFA for the system, and at 03:00 UTC the next day, it was upgraded to a tropical depression and was designated as ''17W'', as its low-level circulation center became more defined but still partially exposed. The system maintained its defined convective structure, however at 09:00 UTC on September 3, it struggled to consolidate because of presence of dry air causing its convective structure to diminish. At 21:00 UTC, the JTWC issued its final advisory as its remaining convection was sheared by the incoming westerlies. At 12:00 UTC on September 4, the JMA stopped tracking the system.


Severe Tropical Storm Conson (Jolina)

On September 3, a disturbance was noted by the JTWC, approximately from
Andersen Air Force Base Andersen Air Force Base (Andersen AFB, AAFB) is a United States Air Force base located primarily within the village of Yigo in the United States territory of Guam. The host unit at Andersen AFB is the 36th Wing (36 WG), assigned to the Pacific ...
in
Yigo, Guam Yigo, Guam ( ch, Yigu; pronounced ) is the northernmost village of the United States territory of Guam, and is the location of Andersen Air Force Base. The municipality of Yigo is the largest village on the island in terms of area. It contains a n ...
, as it developed a weakly defined low-level circulation center. The disturbance gradually intensified, and on September 5, the JMA recognized the system as a tropical depression. Later that day, the JTWC issued a TCFA as its low-level circulation center and its surrounding convection became well organized. The agency recognized the system as a tropical depression around four hours later. At 21:00 UTC, the PAGASA recognized the system as a tropical depression, with the agency assigning it the local name ''Jolina''. The next day on 06:00 UTC, the JMA upgraded the system to a tropical storm, assigning it the international name ''Conson'', with the JTWC following suit three hours later. At 12:00 UTC, the JTWC upgraded it typhoon before downgrading it into a tropical storm at 18:00 UTC. Three hours later, the JMA upgraded it to a severe tropical storm. At the same moment, Conson rapidly intensified into a typhoon according to the PAGASA as it made its first landfall on
Hernani, Eastern Samar Hernani, officially the Municipality of Hernani ( war, Bungto han Hernani; tl, Bayan ng Hernani), is a 5th class municipality in the province of Eastern Samar, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 8,531 people. It w ...
. Conson then made another landfall at 02:30 PHT (18:30 UTC) in
Daram, Samar Daram, officially the Municipality of Daram ( war, Bungto han Daram; tl, Bayan ng Daram), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Samar, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 41,608 people. Etymology The origi ...
, and another one at 03:40 PHT (19:40 UTC) in
Santo Niño, Samar Santo Niño, officially the Municipality of Santo Niño ( ceb, Lungsod sa Santo Niño; war, Bungto han Santo Niño; tl, Bayan ng Santo Niño), is a 5th class municipality in the province of Samar, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it ha ...
. At 06:30 PHT (22:30 UTC), Conson made a fourth landfall in Almagro, Samar. At 00:00 UTC on September 7, the JMA downgraded it to a tropical storm as it was significantly weakened by multiple landfalls. Conson then made a fifth landfall in
Dimasalang, Masbate Dimasalang, officially the Municipality of Dimasalang, is a 4th class municipality in the province of Masbate, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 24,909 people. In 1951 the barrios of Palanas, Nipa, Nabangig, Banc ...
at 11:00 PHT (03:00 UTC), later weakening into a severe tropical storm, according to PAGASA. Conson then made a sixth landfall over Torrijos, Marinduque. Conson continued to pummel through more islands, making a seventh landfall over the area in
Lobo, Batangas Lobo, officially the Municipality of Lobo ( tgl, Bayan ng Lobo), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Batangas, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 40,736 people. Etymology The name "Lobo" may have come f ...
. After making its eighth landfall at
San Juan, Batangas San Juan, officially the Municipality of San Juan ( tgl, Bayan ng San Juan), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Batangas, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 114,068 people. The town is known for its ba ...
, Conson traversed the
Batangas Batangas, officially the Province of Batangas ( tl, Lalawigan ng Batangas ), is a province in the Philippines located in the Calabarzon region on Luzon. Its capital is the city of Batangas, and is bordered by the provinces of Cavite and La ...
Cavite Cavite, officially the Province of Cavite ( tl, Lalawigan ng Kabite; Chavacano: ''Provincia de Cavite''), is a province in the Philippines located in the Calabarzon region in Luzon. Located on the southern shores of Manila Bay and southwest ...
area as the
PAGASA Pagasa may refer to: * ''Pagasa'' (genus), an insect genus in the family Nabidae *PAGASA, an acronym for the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration *"May Pagasa", a pen-name of José Rizal *Pagasa, alternate s ...
declared it to have weakened back into a tropical storm. Conson made its ninth and final landfall in the vicinity of
Mariveles, Bataan Mariveles, officially the Municipality of Mariveles ( tl, Bayan ng Mariveles), is a first class municipality in the province of Bataan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 149,879 people. History Founded as a ''p ...
. At 12:00 UTC, Conson re-intensified into a severe tropical storm, as it entered the West
Philippine Sea The Philippine Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean east of the Philippine archipelago (hence the name), the largest in the world, occupying an estimated surface area of . The Philippine Sea Plate forms the floor of the sea. Its ...
. Three hours later, the PAGASA issued its final bulletin for Conson as it exited the PAR and accelerated westward. As Conson moved westward, it came in contact with unfavorable conditions such as increasing vertical wind shear and land interaction with
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
. These conditions made Conson weaken, prompting the JMA to downgrade it to a tropical storm at 12:00 UTC on September 11 to further downgrade it to a tropical depression at 18:00 UTC the same day, with the JTWC downgrading it to a tropical depression at 03:00 UTC on September 12. It stalled off the coast of Vietnam near Quang Nam because of the confluence of three ridges. At 21:00 UTC, the JTWC issued its final advisory as it made landfall near Da Nang, Vietnam, which caused the system to weaken rapidly. Satellite imagery showed that its low-level circulation center weakened significantly and became less defined. By 18:00 UTC of September 13, the JMA stopped tracking Conson, as the agency last noted it at 12:00 UTC. According to the
NDRRMC The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), formerly known as the National Disaster Coordinating Council (NDCC), is a working group of various government, non-government, civil sector and private sector organizations o ...
, as of September 15, 20 people have died from the storm, with combined infrastructural and agricultural damages totalling up to
The Philippine peso sign (₱) is the currency symbol used for the Philippine peso, the official currency of the Philippines. The symbol resembles a Roman letter P with two horizontal strokes. It differs from the currency symbol used for the pe ...
1.59 billion (US$31.8 million) in damages. In
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
, 2 people were killed by flooding.Daily Report 13/09/2021
/ref> Agriculture damages on the offshore island of
Lý Sơn LY or ly may refer to: Government and politics * Libya (ISO 3166-1 country code LY) * Lý dynasty, a Vietnamese dynasty * Labour Youth of Ireland * Legislative Yuan, the unicameral legislature of the Republic of China (Taiwan) Science and te ...
is estimated to be about 100 billion (US$4.3 million).


Typhoon Chanthu (Kiko)

At 06:00 UTC on September 5, the JTWC began monitoring an area of convection that had formed from Legazpi, Philippines. At 18:00 UTC the same day, the JMA declared it as a tropical depression. Five and half hours later, the JTWC issued a TCFA as its circulation and convection had significantly improved. At 09:00 UTC the next day, the JTWC upgraded the disturbance to a tropical depression, designating it as ''19W''. The JTWC later upgraded it to a tropical storm as it was noted that an eye-like feature was forming. The JMA later did the same at 00:00 UTC on September 7, naming it ''Chanthu''. At 09:30 UTC, the PAGASA reported that Chanthu entered the PAR, assigning it the name ''Kiko''. At 12:00 UTC, the JMA upgraded it to a severe tropical storm. At the same moment, Chanthu started its rapid intensification as it quickly became a minimal typhoon. Several hours later, the typhoon reached Category 4-equivalent status, and by the next day at 09:00 UTC, it reached Category 5-equivalent intensity, developing a -wide eye which was surrounded by very compact, intense convection. After reaching its initial peak, Chanthu was downgraded to a Category 4-equivalent super typhoon as its pinhole-shaped eye started to fade. However, by September 10, Chanthu began to re-intensify as its eye began to clear up. Chanthu further intensified into a Category 5-equivalent super typhoon once again at 09:00 UTC that day. On 05:00 PHT on September 11 (21:00 UTC on September 10), the PAGASA reported that Chanthu passed to the east of the Babuyan Islands; at 08:30 PHT (00:30 UTC), Chanthu made landfall in
Ivana, Batanes Ivana, officially the Municipality of Ivana ( ivv, Kavahayan nu Ivana; tl, Bayan ng Ivana), is a 6th class municipality in the province of Batanes, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 1,407 people. History Ivana ...
as the storm began to weaken slightly. On September 11, Chanthu began to weaken as it continued to move northwards with the presence of dry air. The PAGASA issued its last bulletin for Chanthu since it exited the PAR on the next day. By September 14, Chanthu was no longer a typhoon as it slowly moved south-eastwards towards Japan. Due to decreasing wind shear and marginally favorable sea surface temperatures, Chanthu strengthened enough for the JMA to re-classify it as a severe tropical storm on the next day. On September 17 on 09:00 UTC, Chanthu crossed near the town of Ikitsuki, Nagasaki in Japan. It continued to move northwards as it moved through the rugged Japanese islands, causing it to weaken significantly. This caused the JMA to downgrade it to a tropical storm three hours later. At 21:00 UTC, the JTWC downgraded it to a tropical depression, as it was also undergoing extratropical transition. On September 18, the JTWC issued its final warning for the system. Chanthu caused devastating effects in the islands of Batanes as it was made a direct hit from the typhoon. According to the local residents it was the most ferocious storm even seen. More than 30,000 residents were affected from Region I, II,
III III or iii may refer to: Companies * Information International, Inc., a computer technology company * Innovative Interfaces, Inc., a library-software company * 3i, formerly Investors in Industry, a British investment company Other uses * Ins ...
and
CAR A car or automobile is a motor vehicle with wheels. Most definitions of ''cars'' say that they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four wheels, and mainly transport people instead of goods. The year 1886 is regarded as ...
. Four municipalities went without power and none were restored and one municipality experienced water supply outage and none were restored. There were also reports of landslide and flooding mostly from Region I and III. As of September 15, total damages from the typhoon were up to
The Philippine peso sign (₱) is the currency symbol used for the Philippine peso, the official currency of the Philippines. The symbol resembles a Roman letter P with two horizontal strokes. It differs from the currency symbol used for the pe ...
37.4 million (US$748,000). On September 12, Chanthu passed east of Taiwan. This caused heavy rainfall over the island including the capital city
Taipei Taipei (), officially Taipei City, is the capital and a special municipality of the Republic of China (Taiwan). Located in Northern Taiwan, Taipei City is an enclave of the municipality of New Taipei City that sits about southwest of the n ...
. Up to of rainfall was recorded and winds up to were reported. In
China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
, the storm shut down both
Shanghai Port The Port of Shanghai (), located in the vicinity of Shanghai, comprises a deep-sea port and a river port. The main port enterprise in Shanghai, the Shanghai International Port Group (SIPG), was established during the reconstitution of the S ...
, the world's largest container port, and Ningbo-Zhoushan Port, the world's largest port by cargo throughput, briefly on 12–14 September, with about 86 vessels waiting outside the ports. As Chanthu passed near the island of
Jeju Jeju may refer to: * Jeju Island (Jejudo), an island near South Korea * Jeju Province (formerly transliterated Cheju), a province of South Korea comprising Jejudo **Jeju City, the biggest city on Jejudo **Jeju dog, a dog native to Jejudo ** Jeju l ...
, it caused winds up to and of rainfall. There were reports of structural damage and overwhelmed drainage systems on the island. 23 flights were grounded and 48 ferry sailings were cancelled.


Typhoon Mindulle

On September 21, the JTWC spotted an area of convection formed approximately from
Guam Guam (; ch, Guåhan ) is an organized, unincorporated territory of the United States in the Micronesia subregion of the western Pacific Ocean. It is the westernmost point and territory of the United States (reckoned from the geographic cent ...
. The system rapidly consolidated itself and formed a well-defined LLCC, and thus, the system strengthened into a tropical depression on 00:00 UTC of September 22. The JTWC did the same later that day, designating the system as ''20W''. At 09:00 UTC of September 23, the JTWC upgraded it to a tropical storm, as its low-level circulation center became partially exposed. The JMA did the same three hours later, and named it ''Mindulle''. At 12:00 UTC of September 24, the JMA upgraded it to a severe tropical storm. By 03:00 UTC the next day, the JTWC upgraded it to a Category 1-equivalent typhoon, as it developed a small eye. The presence of dry air had slowed its intensification, but it still managed to become a typhoon. Mindulle started to rapidly intensify as it quickly intensified into a Category 2-equivalent typhoon. Its eye expanded but became ragged due to the presence of dry air. Mindulle continued its rapid intensification, as it further intensified into a Category 4-equivalent typhoon at 15:00 UTC. Its eye became well-defined and at 03:00 UTC the next day, it became a Category 5-equivalent super typhoon, making it the third super typhoon of this season. Satellite imagery showed that the typhoon had developed a well defined eye and deepening of the central core. At 15:00 UTC, Mindulle weakened into a Category 4-equivalent super typhoon as the eye and the convective structure started to degrade. It also underwent an eyewall replacement cycle, as it developed another eyewall. At 03:00 UTC of September 27, the JTWC further downgraded the system to a Category 3-equivalent typhoon, and six hours later, the agency had further downgraded it to a Category 2-equivalent typhoon because of the effects of the eyewall replacement cycle and the increasing presence of dry air. At 15:00 UTC of September 28, Mindulle re-intensified into a Category 3-equivalent typhoon, as it moved over favorable conditions. Satellite imagery showed that the typhoon continued to struggle to intensify. Its eye had steadily shrunk but it remained cloud covered and ragged. By the next day at 03:00 UTC, the JTWC re-upgraded it to a Category 4-equivalent typhoon as the eye cleared out again. At 21:00 UTC of September 29, it rapidly weakened and by 15:00 UTC the next day, it weakened from a Category 3-equivalent typhoon to a Category 1-equivalent typhoon. Cool dry air and cool sea-surface temperatures were responsible for the weakening. At 21:00 UTC of October 1, the JTWC issued its final warning as it downgraded to a tropical storm. Three hours later, JMA also issued its final warning, as it became extratropical cyclone, off the coast of
Hokkaido is Japan's second largest island and comprises the largest and northernmost prefecture, making up its own region. The Tsugaru Strait separates Hokkaidō from Honshu; the two islands are connected by the undersea railway Seikan Tunnel. The la ...
.


Tropical Storm Dianmu

On September 21 at 18:00 UTC, the JMA noted a westward-moving low-pressure area over the South China Sea near the Philippines. Three hours later, the JTWC recognized this system. By 15:00 UTC the next day, the JTWC upgraded it to a tropical depression without issuing a TCFA for the system, as it rapidly improved its convective structure and developed a low-level circulation center; the JMA did the same three hours later. On September 23 at 06:00 UTC, the JMA upgraded it to a tropical storm and named it as ''Dianmu'' as it continued to move westward and come closer to the Vietnamese coastline. The JTWC did the same thing, three hours later. At 15:00 UTC, the JTWC issued its last warning on the system as it made landfall near Da Nang, Vietnam, with its low-level circulation center being hampered following landfall. At 06:00 UTC on September 24, the JMA downgraded it to a tropical depression as it moved further inland. Dianmu caused a total of 8 deaths, of which 6 occurred in Thailand and 2 occurred in Vietnam.


Tropical Storm Lionrock (Lannie)

On October 2, the JTWC noted an area of convection located approximately east of Davao, Philippines Later that day, the JTWC issued a TCFA as it developed sufficient convection and a fairly defined LLCC. However, the JTWC cancelled the TCFA as it crossed the
Visayas The Visayas ( ), or the Visayan Islands (Bisayan languages, Visayan: ''Kabisay-an'', ; tl, Kabisayaan ), are one of the three Island groups of the Philippines, principal geographical divisions of the Philippines, along with Luzon and Mindanao ...
region. Despite this, the PAGASA had already classified the system as a tropical depression and named it ''Lannie'', on October 3. Lannie made its first landfall on Bucas Grande Island at 04:30 PHT (October 3, 20:00 UTC). It then made an additional seven landfalls: ones in
Cagdianao Cagdianao, officially the Municipality of Cagdianao (Surigaonon language, Surigaonon: ''Lungsod nan Cagdianao''; ceb, Lungsod sa Cagdianao; tl, Bayan ng Cagdianao), is a 3rd class municipality of the Philippines, municipality in the Philippine ...
in the
Dinagat Islands Dinagat Islands (Cebuano language, Cebuano: ''Mga Pulo sa Dinagat''; Surigaonon language, Surigaonon: ''Mga Puyo nan Dinagat''; Kabalian language, Kabalian: ''Mga Puyo san Dinagat''; Waray language, Waray: ''Mga Purô han Dinagat''; Filipino lang ...
, Liloan and Padre Burgos in Southern Leyte,
Mahanay Island {{Infobox islands , name = Mahanay Island , native_name = , native_name_link = , native_name_lang = , sobriquet = , image_name = , image_size = , image_caption = , image_alt = , image_ma ...
and Getafe in Bohol,
San Fernando San Fernando may refer to: People *Ferdinand III of Castile (c. 1200–1252), called ''San Fernando'' (Spanish) or ''Saint Ferdinand'', King of Castile, León, and Galicia Places Argentina *San Fernando de la Buena Vista, city of Greater Buenos ...
in
Cebu Cebu (; ceb, Sugbo), officially the Province of Cebu ( ceb, Lalawigan sa Sugbo; tl, Lalawigan ng Cebu; hil, Kapuroan sang Sugbo), is a province of the Philippines located in the Central Visayas region, and consists of a main island and 167 ...
, Guihulngan in Negros Oriental, and its last two landfalls at Iloc Island and El Nido,
Palawan Palawan (), officially the Province of Palawan ( cyo, Probinsya i'ang Palawan; tl, Lalawigan ng Palawan), is an archipelagic province of the Philippines that is located in the region of Mimaropa. It is the largest province in the country in ...
. At 14:30 UTC of October 4, the JTWC re-issued a TCFA for the system, as it moved over the
South China Sea The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean. It is bounded in the north by the shores of South China (hence the name), in the west by the Indochinese Peninsula, in the east by the islands of Taiwan and northwestern Phil ...
. At 06:00 UTC of October 5, the JMA recognized it as a tropical depression. At 11:00 PHT (03:00 UTC) of October 6, the PAGASA issued its final warning. At 09:00 UTC of the next day, the JTWC upgraded from a monsoonal depression to a tropical depression. It was designated as ''22W''. Satellite imagery found that the LLCC had become exposed but still had a defined warm core. The system's center was also ragged. At 18:00 UTC, the JMA upgraded it to a tropical storm and named it ''Lionrock''. Nine hours later, the JTWC did the same as the convection developed a curved pattern. Lionrock continued its trajectory, and between 09:00 UTC and 15:00 UTC of October 8, it made its first landfall over the island of
Hainan Hainan (, ; ) is the smallest and southernmost province of the People's Republic of China (PRC), consisting of various islands in the South China Sea. , the largest and most populous island in China,The island of Taiwan, which is slightly l ...
. After making landfall, it briefly intensified a bit before weakening to its original intensity at 21:00 UTC. At 09:00 UTC of the next day, it crossed the island completely and entered the
Gulf of Tonkin The Gulf of Tonkin is a gulf at the northwestern portion of the South China Sea, located off the coasts of Tonkin (northern Vietnam) and South China. It has a total surface area of . It is defined in the west and northwest by the northern ...
. On October 10, at 09:00 UTC, the JTWC downgraded it to a tropical depression and issued its last warning, as it made landfall near Cat Bi International Airport and its convection became disorganized over land. The JMA also downgraded it to a tropical depression at 06:00 UTC the same day, but continued to monitor it. The JMA last noted at 18:00 UTC of October 10. In its early stages of formation, the system passed through the central
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
. As of October 7, the NDRRMC recorded three deaths and estimated agricultural damages were topped at
The Philippine peso sign (₱) is the currency symbol used for the Philippine peso, the official currency of the Philippines. The symbol resembles a Roman letter P with two horizontal strokes. It differs from the currency symbol used for the pe ...
12.2 million (US$241,000).


Severe Tropical Storm Kompasu (Maring)

On October 6 of 18:00 UTC, the JMA noted that a low-pressure area had formed that was embedded in a large monsoonal circulation to the north of
Palau Palau,, officially the Republic of Palau and historically ''Belau'', ''Palaos'' or ''Pelew'', is an island country and microstate in the western Pacific. The nation has approximately 340 islands and connects the western chain of the Caro ...
. The system developed into a tropical depression at 00:00 UTC of the next day. At 09:00 UTC (17:00 PHT), the PAGASA issued its first bulletin for the first tropical depression and assigned it the name ''Maring''. The JMA also noted the persistence of another, nearby tropical depression to its northeast, later named ''
Nando Nando (from "News and Observer") was an American internet news service and Internet service provider (ISP), founded in 1993 by the publishers of ''The News & Observer'' newspaper in Raleigh, North Carolina. Initially it relied on access via bullet ...
''. As it is embedded in the same monsoonal depression and due to its proximity, Nando began to merge with Maring, and therefore formed a rather broad and large circulation. This prompted the JMA to upgrade the overall system to a tropical storm, and was named ''Kompasu''. However at that time, the JTWC still considered the system as two separate disturbances and issued separate TCFAs later in the day for both depressions, albeit noting the possibility of merging. The JTWC later considered the entire system as merged with their first warning for Kompasu. At midnight of October 11, the JMA upgraded it to a severe tropical storm, as it attained good cloud characteristics. At 12:10 UTC (20:10 PHT), Kompasu made its first landfall near
Fuga Island Fuga Island is an island and barangay located north of Luzon and is part of the Babuyan Islands, which is the second-northernmost island group of the Philippines. Barangay Fuga Island is one of the 42 barangays under the jurisdiction of the munic ...
of
Cagayan Province Cagayan ( ), officially the Province of Cagayan ( ilo, Probinsia ti Cagayan; ibg, Provinsiya na Cagayan; itv, Provinsiya ya Cagayan; fil, Lalawigan ng Cagayan), is a province in the Philippines located in the Cagayan Valley region, covering ...
. At 05:00 PHT of October 13 (21:00 UTC of October 12), the PAGASA issued its final bulletin as its exited the PAR and continued towards Hainan. Between 03:00 and 09:00 UTC of October 13, Kompasu had made landfall over the east coast of Hainan. By 18:00 UTC, the JMA downgraded it to a tropical storm, as it crossed the entire island and entered the Gulf of Tonkin, as its convection had rapidly weakened because of the rough terrain of the island. At 09:00 UTC of the next day, the JTWC issued its final warning followed by downgrading to a tropical depression, as its convection had diminished and the low-level circulation center had been weakened significantly because of the increasing vertical wind shear and dry air, despite not making landfall over northern Vietnam. The JMA issued its final warning after downgrading it to a tropical depression at 18:00 UTC. As of October 31, the NDRRMC has confirmed a total of 43 deaths, along with 16 people still missing. Total estimated damages of both infrastructure and agriculture is topped to
The Philippine peso sign (₱) is the currency symbol used for the Philippine peso, the official currency of the Philippines. The symbol resembles a Roman letter P with two horizontal strokes. It differs from the currency symbol used for the pe ...
6.39 billion (US$126.5 million). In
Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China ( abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China on the eastern Pearl River Delt ...
, one person was killed and 21 people were injured.


Tropical Depression Nando

On 00:00 UTC of October 7, the JMA began monitoring on a tropical depression that had developed to the north of
Palau Palau,, officially the Republic of Palau and historically ''Belau'', ''Palaos'' or ''Pelew'', is an island country and microstate in the western Pacific. The nation has approximately 340 islands and connects the western chain of the Caro ...
, that was embedded in the same monsoonal circulation as Tropical Depression Maring. As the circulation moved inside the Philippine Area of Responsibility, the PAGASA began issuing advisories and assigned the local name ''Nando'' to the depression. By the next day, the JMA stopped tracking the system after it began to merge with Maring, which subsequently became Tropical Storm Kompasu. The PAGASA issued its final bulletin on the system on October 9. The JTWC issued separate TCFAs for two invests in the monsoonal depression that contained Maring and Nando — Invests ''93W'' and ''94W'', respectively. As the two merged, the JTWC cancelled the TCFA for Invest 93W and soon began issuing a single tropical cyclone warning for the overall system.


Severe Tropical Storm Namtheun

On October 8, the JTWC noted an area of convection persisted approximately from
Wake Island Wake Island ( mh, Ānen Kio, translation=island of the kio flower; also known as Wake Atoll) is a coral atoll in the western Pacific Ocean in the northeastern area of the Micronesia subregion, east of Guam, west of Honolulu, southeast of To ...
, which had a defined low-level circulation with a good
outflow Outflow may refer to: *Capital outflow, the capital leaving a particular economy *Bipolar outflow, in astronomy, two continuous flows of gas from the poles of a star *Outflow (hydrology), the discharge of a lake or other reservoir system * Outflow ...
. The JMA later recognized the same area of convection as a tropical depression on October 9. At 14:00 UTC the same day, the JTWC issued a TCFA for the invest as it developed a flaring convection which was circulating over the obscured LLCC. By midnight of the next day, the JMA upgraded it to a tropical storm and named it ''Namtheun''. The JTWC recognized it as a tropical depression, three hours later, and six hours later, the JTWC upgraded it to a tropical storm. Namtheun managed to maintain its intensity for two days, until at 09:00 UTC of October 13, it was downgraded to a tropical depression by the JTWC, as it started moving westwards because of the presence of a subtropical ridge towards the southeast of the system. Satellite imagery showed that the deep convection had been displaced towards the northeast and the LLCC of the system had become less defined. However at 15:00 UTC of the next day, the JTWC re-upgraded it to a tropical storm, as it entered over warm sea-surface temperatures which allowed the system to maintain its intensity despite high wind shear. Satellite imagery also indicated that it developed subtropical characteristics. Unexpectedly, Namtheun further intensified into a severe tropical storm according to JMA at 06:00 UTC of October 16, and a Category 1-equivalent typhoon according to JTWC at 09:00 UTC of October 16. Satellite imagery depicted that the system had developed a compact core with improved convection structure near its center. It also developed an eye-like feature. The weakening of the vertical wind shear was main reason for the intensification and also the presence of marginally favorable sea-surface temperatures (). A few hours later, both JMA and JTWC downgraded to a tropical storm, as its convection had weakened significantly because of further cooling of sea-surface temperatures and strengthening of the wind shear. Namtheun managed its intensity as it continued north-northwards but since it was interacting with the
baroclinic zone A weather front is a boundary separating air masses for which several characteristics differ, such as air density, wind, temperature, and humidity. Disturbed and unstable weather due to these differences often arises along the boundary. For in ...
, it started its extratropical transition between 00:00 and 15:00 UTC. For the next several days, the system moved eastward across the North Pacific, before undergoing
explosive intensification In meteorology, rapid intensification is a situation where a tropical cyclone intensifies dramatically in a short period of time. The United States National Hurricane Center defines rapid intensification as an increase in the maximum sustained ...
and developing into a bomb cyclone on October 21, reaching an extratropical peak of , while situated off the coast of the
Pacific Northwest The Pacific Northwest (sometimes Cascadia, or simply abbreviated as PNW) is a geographic region in western North America bounded by its coastal waters of the Pacific Ocean to the west and, loosely, by the Rocky Mountains to the east. Though ...
. Afterward, the system curved northward and then north-northwestward, while gradually weakening, before being absorbed into another approaching extratropical cyclone from the west, late on October 22. Namtheun's extratropical remnant brought heavy rain and powerful winds to the Pacific Northwest.


Typhoon Malou

On October 20, the JTWC noted an area of convection approximately east of Guam. Infrared satellite imagery found that it formed a flaring convection which was displaced to the northwest from the actual center, but at 06:00 UTC the next day, the JTWC discontinued giving advisories to the area of convection, as its convection had completely dissipated. On the same day at 18:00 UTC, the JMA recognized the same area of convection, as a low pressure area. At 15:00 UTC of October 22, the JTWC started giving advisories for the area of convection as it developed sufficient convection and a poorly defined low-level circulation. On the next day at 18:00 UTC, the JMA upgraded it to a tropical depression, and three and a half hour later, the JTWC issued a TCFA. At 03:00 UTC of October 24, the JTWC upgraded to a tropical depression and designated as ''25W''. Later at 18:00 UTC, the JTWC upgraded it to a tropical storm, as the organization of the convection had increased. Six hours later, the JMA did the same thing and named it ''Malou''. At midday of the next day, the JMA upgraded it to a severe tropical storm. Early on October 27, the JTWC upgraded it to a Category 1-equivalent typhoon, as it developed an eye-like feature wrapped around a ragged spiral bandings. At 18:00 UTC the same day, the JMA upgraded it to a typhoon.


Tropical Depression 26W

At 00:00 UTC of October 22, the JMA noted the formation of a low-pressure area east of
Mindanao Mindanao ( ) ( Jawi: مينداناو) is the second-largest island in the Philippines, after Luzon, and seventh-most populous island in the world. Located in the southern region of the archipelago, the island is part of an island group of ...
. Two days later at 06:00 UTC, the JMA upgraded it to a tropical depression as it was located off the coast of the island of Palawan. On the same day, the JTWC noted the same low pressure area and gave a low chance of formation, which was later upgraded to medium. At 05:30 UTC of October 25, the JTWC issued a TCFA for the system, as its convection had improved and developed a weakly defined LLCC. On the next day, after re-issuing the TCFA at 05:00 UTC, the JTWC upgraded it to a tropical depression at 09:00 UTC as it was located off the coast of Vietnam. Satellite imagery found that its LLCC had become defined however the convective structure continued to remain disorganized. Between 15:00 UTC of October 26 and 03:00 UTC of October 27, the system made landfall near Nha Trang and at 03:00 UTC, the JTWC issued its final advisory as its convection had rapidly disorganized after landfall, as it moved over the mountainous terrain of Vietnam. Over 50,000 sea vehicles with over 261,000 people in it were already informed on the brewing system and its path, according to a meeting about the depression on October 25. Over 3,200 officer soldiers and 270 public vehicles were also put on standby. The areas between Thừa Thiên Huế and Khánh Hòa received heavy rainfall from the system.


Typhoon Nyatoh

Early of November 26, the JTWC noted the formation of an area of convection located east-southeast of Guam. On the next day, the JMA recognized the same system as a low pressure area. At 06:00 UTC of November 28, the JTWC issued a TCFA as it developed a poorly defined center, and by midnight of November 28, the JMA upgraded the system to a tropical depression. The JTWC followed suit and designated it as ''27W'' at 15:00 UTC the same day. Six hours later, the JTWC further upgraded it to a tropical storm. At midnight of the next day, the JMA followed suit and named it as ''Nyatoh''. On 00:00 UTC of December 1, the JMA further upgraded it to a severe tropical storm. Fifteen hours later, the JTWC declared it a typhoon and upgraded it to a Category 1-equivalent status, as Nyatoh developed an eye according to microwave imagery. The JMA followed suit at 18:00 UTC. By 03:00 UTC the next day, it further intensified into a Category 2-equivalent typhoon as it briefly formed a ragged eye. Later that day, Nyatoh unexpectedly rapidly intensified to a Category 4-equivalent super typhoon due to jet interaction. It later reached peak intensity with 10-minute sustained winds of 185 km/h (115 mph) and a pressure of . However, this peak was short-lived as strong wind shear, dry air, and cooler sea surface temperatures shredded the system apart and rapidly weakened to a Category 1-equivalent typhoon at 18:00 UTC. On December 4 at 06:35 UTC, JMA declared Nyatoh a remnant low.


Typhoon Rai (Odette)

At 00:00 UTC of December 12, the JMA noted the existence of a tropical depression in the vicinity of the Caroline Islands. Two hours later, the JTWC issued a TCFA for the developing system, noting a "promising" environment for further development. On the next day, the JMA upgraded the system into a tropical storm and gave it the international name, ''Rai''. The PAGASA issued its first tropical cyclone advisory for the developing storm on December 12. Warnings for Palau and the Federated States of Micronesia were issued by the Guam National Weather Service by December 13. On the next day, Rai continued intensifying, and the
Japan Meteorological Agency The , abbreviated JMA, is an agency of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. It is charged with gathering and providing results for the public in Japan that are obtained from data based on daily scientific observation an ...
upgraded it to a severe tropical storm. Rai then entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility on December 14 and was given the name ''Odette'' by the
PAGASA Pagasa may refer to: * ''Pagasa'' (genus), an insect genus in the family Nabidae *PAGASA, an acronym for the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration *"May Pagasa", a pen-name of José Rizal *Pagasa, alternate s ...
. The PAGASA raised Tropical Cyclone Wind Signal #1 over parts of Eastern Visayas and Northern Mindanao. Later that same day, the JMA upgraded Rai to a typhoon. The PAGASA and the JTWC later followed suit and also upgraded Rai to a typhoon. Rai then rapidly intensified overnight, becoming a Category 5-equivalent super typhoon on the morning of December 16. Rai then made its first landfall on General Luna, Surigao del Norte at 1:30PM PHT. A few minutes later, it struck Cagdianao, Dinagat Island. It then made a third landfall in
Liloan, Southern Leyte Liloan, officially the Municipality of Liloan ( ceb, Lungsod sa Liloan; tl, Bayan ng Liloan), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Southern Leyte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 24,800 people. Liloan' ...
. It continued to cross the islands and later struck
Padre Burgos, Southern Leyte Padre Burgos, officially the Municipality of Padre Burgos ( ceb, Lungsod sa Padre Burgos; tl, Bayan ng Padre Burgos), is a 5th class municipality of the Philippines, municipality in the Philippine Province, province of Southern Leyte, Philippine ...
and President Carlos P. Garcia, Bohol. It then soon struck Bien Unido, Bohol. It lost super typhoon intensity and then struck Carcar, Cebu. It made an eighth landfall on
La Libertad, Negros Oriental La Libertad, officially the Municipality of La Libertad ( ceb, Lungsod sa La Libertad; tl, Bayan ng La Libertad), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Negros Oriental, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 4 ...
. It made a final landfall in Roxas, Palawan. The system then left the PAR by 12:40 PHT (04:40 UTC). For the first time since Typhoon Rammasun in 2014 and the third after Pamela of 1954 and the aforementioned storm, Rai unexpectedly attained Category 5-equivalent super typhoon status in the
South China Sea The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean. It is bounded in the north by the shores of South China (hence the name), in the west by the Indochinese Peninsula, in the east by the islands of Taiwan and northwestern Phil ...
, due to the favorable environment in that region, at 21:00 UTC on December 18, as it underwent a secondary period of rapid intensification. By 03:00 UTC the next day, Rai again weakened below Category 5-equivalent super typhoon intensity, while turning in a west-northwesterly direction. Its eye was cloud-filled by this time, with the storm rapidly weakening afterward. As of January 6, 2022, 410 fatalities have been reported, with 111 alone being located in Bohol. On March 23, 2022,
PAGASA Pagasa may refer to: * ''Pagasa'' (genus), an insect genus in the family Nabidae *PAGASA, an acronym for the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration *"May Pagasa", a pen-name of José Rizal *Pagasa, alternate s ...
revised their tropical cyclone scale. Rai (Odette) was considered as a super typhoon.


Tropical Depression 29W

On December 14, the JMA upgraded a westward-moving low-pressure area to a tropical depression. The JTWC began monitoring the system by the next day, noting the presence of a consolidated low-level circulation within the system. The system's chances of developing into a tropical cyclone slowly increased, and on December 16 at 17:30 UTC, the JTWC issued a TCFA for the system despite the outflow of Typhoon Rai partially exposing the system's low-level circulation. By 21:00 UTC, the JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical depression, assigning it the designation ''29W'' as it continued over marginally favorable developmental conditions. Shortly after, at 23:00 UTC, the depression made landfall north of
Kuantan Kuantan ( Jawi: ) is a city and the state capital of Pahang, Malaysia. It is located near the mouth of the Kuantan River. Kuantan is the 18th largest city in Malaysia based on 2010 population, and the largest city in the East Coast of Penin ...
and began to weaken, prompting the JTWC to issue its final advisory on the system by the next day. The JMA stopped monitoring the system on December 17 at 12:00 UTC. After passing through Peninsular Malaysia, it reached the Straits of Malacca as a low-pressure system. Persistent and continuous heavy rains for more than 24 hours began on December 17, causing the worst flooding in Central Malaysia since 2014. Floods were also reported in the states of Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang, Perak, Negeri Sembilan and Malacca.


Other systems

During January 19, the JMA reported that a tropical depression had developed to the east of Luzon, Philippines. The precursor to the depression brought scattered showers and thunderstorms to Mindanao,
Palawan Palawan (), officially the Province of Palawan ( cyo, Probinsya i'ang Palawan; tl, Lalawigan ng Palawan), is an archipelagic province of the Philippines that is located in the region of Mimaropa. It is the largest province in the country in ...
, and Visayas on January 18. The JMA, however, discontinued advisories for the system on the next day. The depression also brought stormy weather to Luzon on January 20. The PAGASA warned residents of possible flash flooding and mudslides due to heavy rainfall. The system's precursor was associated with a frontal system, with its combined effects bringing heavy rainfall over much of Visayas, the
Bicol Region Bicol, known formally as the Bicol Region or colloquially as Bicolandia ( bcl, Rehiyon kan Bikol; Rinconada Bikol: ''Rehiyon ka Bikol''; Waray Sorsogon, Masbateño: ''Rehiyon san Bikol''; tl, Rehiyon ng Bikol), is an administrative region of ...
, and Northern Mindanao, resulting in three deaths and agricultural damages of up to ₱642.5 million (US$13.2 million). On March 9, a low-pressure area entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility, though it was not expected to develop at that time. On March 14, the low-pressure area intensified into a tropical depression over the Sulu Sea before quickly degenerating back into a low-pressure area. The system brought light to moderate rains over parts of the Philippines, with the PAGASA advising residents of the possibility of floods and landslides. On May 29, the JTWC issued a TCFA for a tropical disturbance that was roughly to the southeast of Guam, near the
Nomoi Islands The Nomoi Islands, also known as the Mortlock Islands, are a group of three atolls in the state of Chuuk, Federated States of Micronesia. They are located about southeast of Chuuk Lagoon. Islands The Mortlock Islands are Ettal, Namoluk, Ta, N ...
. The system gradually developed as it was experiencing warm sea surface temperatures and low vertical wind shear. On the next day at 00:00 UTC, the JMA recognized the system as a tropical depression. On the same day, the JTWC cancelled the TCFA for the system as its structure degraded, with the JMA last recognizing the system as a tropical depression on June 1 at 18:00 UTC. On June 29, an area of convection formed from Guam with satellite imagery revealing that the system had a deep convection with a weak low level circulation. Within a favorable environments with low-to-moderate wind shear, and warm sea surface temperatures, the system gradually became more organized with a more defined low level circulation. On June 30, the JTWC issued a TCFA for the system. On July 1, animated multispectral satellite imagery indicated a very broad and ill-defined low level circulation with convection being sheared to the south-southwest of the disturbance, which prompted the JTWC to cancel the system's TCFA and downgrade its development chances within the next day to low. The JMA no longer considered it a tropical depression in their tropical disturbance summary advisories on the same day. On July 19, at 00:00 UTC, a tropical depression formed near , which was moving northwards at the speed of , according to the JMA. It lasted for two days until July 21, when it became a remnant low at 00:00 UTC. On July 28, at 00:00 UTC, the JMA noted a tropical depression near , which was moving northwards slowly. On July 30, at 00:00 UTC, the JMA noted a tropical depression near , which was moving northwestward slowly. On July 31, a tropical depression formed over the open Pacific at 18:00 UTC. By August 1, at 05:30 UTC, the JTWC issued a TCFA for the system as it had an exposed low-level circulation with persistent disorganized convection. The agency canceled the alert on the next day as it had little remaining convection and it had moved over cooler waters. On August 1, at 18:00 UTC, JMA noted a tropical depression near Taiwan. The JMA began tracking a tropical depression that had formed to the east of
Hainan Hainan (, ; ) is the smallest and southernmost province of the People's Republic of China (PRC), consisting of various islands in the South China Sea. , the largest and most populous island in China,The island of Taiwan, which is slightly l ...
on September 7. The system moved westward towards
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
and was last noted the next day. On September 27 of 06:00 UTC, the JMA noted the formation of a low-pressure area located to the east of Typhoon Mindulle. The JMA later upgraded it to a tropical depression, six hours later. At 01:00 UTC the next day, the JTWC recognized the system and gave a medium chance of formation.


Storm names

Within the Northwest Pacific Ocean, both the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) and the
Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration Pagasa may refer to: * ''Pagasa'' (genus), an insect genus in the family Nabidae *PAGASA, an acronym for the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration *"May Pagasa", a pen-name of José Rizal *Pagasa, alternate s ...
(PAGASA) assign names to tropical cyclones that develop in the Western Pacific, which can result in a tropical cyclone having two names. The Japan Meteorological Agency's RSMC Tokyo — Typhoon Center assigns international names to tropical cyclones on behalf of the
World Meteorological Organization The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for promoting international cooperation on atmospheric science, climatology, hydrology and geophysics. The WMO originated from the Internati ...
's Typhoon Committee, should they be judged to have 10-minute sustained windspeeds of . PAGASA names to tropical cyclones which move into or form as a tropical depression in their area of responsibility located between 135°E and 115°E and between 5°N and 25°N even if the cyclone has had an international name assigned to it. The names of significant tropical cyclones are retired, by both
PAGASA Pagasa may refer to: * ''Pagasa'' (genus), an insect genus in the family Nabidae *PAGASA, an acronym for the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration *"May Pagasa", a pen-name of José Rizal *Pagasa, alternate s ...
and the Typhoon Committee. Should the list of names for the Philippine region be exhausted then names will be taken from an auxiliary list of which the first ten are published each season. Unused names are marked in .


International names

During the season, 22 tropical storms developed in the Western Pacific and each one was named by the JMA, when the system was judged to have 10-minute sustained windspeeds of 65 kilometres per hour (40 mph). The JMA selected the names from a list of 140 names, that had been developed by the 14 members nations and territories of the
ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for promoting international cooperation on atmospheric science, climatology, hydrology and geophysics. The WMO originated from the Internatio ...
. Retired names, if any, will be announced by the WMO in 2023; though replacement names will be announced in 2024. During the season, the names Surigae, Koguma, Cempaka and Nyatoh were used for the first time after they replaced Mujigae, Koppu,
Melor Melor (also known in Latin as Melorius; in Cornish as Mylor; in French as Méloir; and other variations) was a 10th-century Breton saint who, in England, was venerated in Cornwall and at Amesbury Abbey, Wiltshire, which claimed some of his ...
and Meranti, which were retired following the
2015 File:2015 Events Collage new.png, From top left, clockwise: Civil service in remembrance of November 2015 Paris attacks; Germanwings Flight 9525 was purposely crashed into the French Alps; the rubble of residences in Kathmandu following the Apri ...
and 2016 seasons.


Philippines

During the season, PAGASA used its own naming scheme for the 15 tropical cyclones, that either developed within or moved into their self-defined area of responsibility. The names were taken from a list of names, that was last used during
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
and are scheduled to be used again during 2025. All of the names are the same except Uwan and Verbena which replaced the names Urduja and Vinta after they were retired.


Retirement

After the season, on March 21, 2022,
PAGASA Pagasa may refer to: * ''Pagasa'' (genus), an insect genus in the family Nabidae *PAGASA, an acronym for the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration *"May Pagasa", a pen-name of José Rizal *Pagasa, alternate s ...
removed the names ''
Jolina ''Jolina'' is the second studio album by Filipino singer and actress Jolina Magdangal released by Star Music on January 9, 1999. The album consists mostly of passionate, easy-listening love songs, a style of music quite popular in the Philippin ...
'', '' Maring'' and '' Odette'' from its rotating naming lists due to the number of deaths and amount of damage they caused, and were replaced with ''Jacinto'', ''Mirasol'' and ''Opong'' for the 2025 season.


Season effects

This table summarizes all the systems that developed within or moved into the North Pacific Ocean, to the west of the International Date Line during 2021. The tables also provide an overview of a systems intensity, duration, land areas affected and any deaths or damages associated with the system.
, - , TD , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines , , , , , , , - , Dujuan (Auring) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Palau, Philippines , , , , , , , - , TD , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines , , None , , , , , - , Surigae (Bising) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Caroline Islands, Palau, Sulawesi, Philippines , , , , , , , - , 03W (Crising) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines , , , , , , , - , Choi-wan (Dante) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Palau, Philippines, Taiwan, Japan , , , , 11 , , , - , TD , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None, , , , , - ,
Koguma is a Japanese professional wrestler, currently working for the Japanese promotion World Wonder Ring Stardom where she is a former two-time Goddess of Stardom Champion with Hazuki and a former High Speed Champion. Professional wrestling career In ...
, , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , South China, Vietnam, Laos , , , , 1 , , , - , Champi , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Mariana Islands , , None , , , , , - , TD , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , , , , - , 07W (Emong) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines, Taiwan , , None , , , , , - , 08W , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines, Southern China, Vietnam , , None , , , , , - , In-fa (Fabian) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, China , , , , , , , - , Cempaka , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , ,
South China South China () is a geographical and cultural region that covers the southernmost part of China. Its precise meaning varies with context. A notable feature of South China in comparison to the rest of China is that most of its citizens are not n ...
, Vietnam , , , , , , , - , TD , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , , , , - , Nepartak , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Japan , , None , , , , , - , TD , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , , , , - , TD , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Japan , , None , , , , , - , TD , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , , , , - , TD , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan , , None , , , , , - , 12W , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Japan , , None , , , , , - , Lupit (Huaning) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Vietnam, Southern China, Taiwan, Japan , , , , , , , - , Mirinae (Gorio) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Japan, Western Canada , , None , , , , , - , Nida , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Alaska , , None , , , , , - , Omais (Isang) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Mariana Islands, Ryukyu Islands, South Korea , , $13 million , , , , , - , 17W , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , , , , - , Conson (Jolina) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines, Vietnam , , , , , , , - , Chanthu (Kiko) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines, Taiwan, Eastern China, South Korea, Japan , , , , , , , - , TD , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Vietnam , , None , , , , , - , Mindulle , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Mariana Islands, Japan, Russian Far East , , Minimal , , , , , - ,
Dianmu Dianmu (), also known as Leizi, is the Chinese goddess of lightning, who is said to have used flashing mirrors to send bolts of lightning across the sky. She is married to Leigong, the god of thunder. She is one of the gods who work together to ...
, , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia , , Unknown , , , , , - , TD , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , , , , - , Lionrock (Lannie) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines, Southern China, Vietnam, , , , , , , - , Kompasu (Maring) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines, Taiwan,
South China South China () is a geographical and cultural region that covers the southernmost part of China. Its precise meaning varies with context. A notable feature of South China in comparison to the rest of China is that most of its citizens are not n ...
, Vietnam , , , , , , , - , Nando , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , , , , - , Namtheun , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Pacific Northwest, Alaska , , None , , , , , - , Malou , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Bonin Islands , , None , , , , , - , 26W , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines, Vietnam , , None , , , , , - , Nyatoh , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Bonin Islands , , None , , , , , - , Rai (Odette) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Caroline Islands, Palau, Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam, Southern China , , , , , , , - , 29W , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Malaysia , , , , , , , -


See also

*
Weather of 2021 The following is a list of weather events that occurred in 2021. The year began with La Niña conditions. There were several natural disasters around the world from various types of weather, including blizzards, cold waves, droughts, heat wave ...
*
Tropical cyclones in 2021 During 2021, tropical cyclones formed in seven major bodies of water, commonly known as tropical cyclone basins. Tropical cyclones will be assigned names by various weather agencies if they attain maximum sustained winds of . During the year, one ...
*
Pacific typhoon season The following is a list of Pacific typhoon seasons. The seasons are limited to the north of the equator between the 100th meridian east and the 180th meridian (aka Prime Antimeridian). Seasons Pre-1940 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s ...
*
2021 Atlantic hurricane season The 2021 Atlantic hurricane season was the third-most active Atlantic hurricane season on record, producing 21  named storms and the second season in a row (third overall) in which the designated 21-name list of storm names was exhausted. ...
*
2021 Pacific hurricane season The 2021 Pacific hurricane season was a moderately active Pacific hurricane season, with above-average tropical activity in terms of named storms; but featured below-average activity in terms of major hurricanes and a near-normal accumulated cycl ...
*
2021 North Indian Ocean cyclone season The 2021 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, peaking between May to ...
* South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons:
2020–21 The dash is a punctuation mark consisting of a long horizontal line. It is similar in appearance to the hyphen but is longer and sometimes higher from the baseline. The most common versions are the endash , generally longer than the hyphen b ...
, 2021–22 * Australian region cyclone seasons:
2020–21 The dash is a punctuation mark consisting of a long horizontal line. It is similar in appearance to the hyphen but is longer and sometimes higher from the baseline. The most common versions are the endash , generally longer than the hyphen b ...
, 2021–22 * South Pacific cyclone seasons:
2020–21 The dash is a punctuation mark consisting of a long horizontal line. It is similar in appearance to the hyphen but is longer and sometimes higher from the baseline. The most common versions are the endash , generally longer than the hyphen b ...
, 2021–22


Notes


References


External links

{{TC Decades, Year=2021, basin=Pacific, type=typhoon Articles which contain graphical timelines Pacific typhoon seasons Tropical cyclones in 2021