During 1991, tropical cyclones formed within seven different

tropical cyclone basins Traditionally, areas of tropical cyclone formation are divided into seven basins. These include the north Atlantic Ocean, the eastern and western parts of the northern Pacific Ocean, the southwestern Pacific, the southwestern and southeastern Ind ...

, located within various parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. During the year, a total of 100 systems formed with 75 of these developing further and were named by the responsible warning centre. The strongest

tropical cyclone A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain and squalls. Depen ...

of the year was Typhoon Yuri, which was estimated to have a minimum

barometric pressure Atmospheric pressure, also known as barometric pressure (after the barometer), is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth. The standard atmosphere (symbol: atm) is a unit of pressure defined as , which is equivalent to 1013.25 millibars, 7 ...

of . The deadliest tropical cyclone was Cyclone BOB 01, which caused 138,866 fatalities in

Bangladesh Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...

Northeastern India , native_name_lang = mni , settlement_type = , image_skyline = , image_alt = , image_caption = , motto = , image_map = Northeast india.png , ...

Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John Wells explai ...

Yunnan Yunnan , () is a landlocked province in the southwest of the People's Republic of China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 48.3 million (as of 2018). The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders the C ...

, while the costliest was Typhoon Mireille, which caused an estimated $10 billion

USD The United States dollar (symbol: $; code: USD; also abbreviated US$ or U.S. Dollar, to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies; referred to as the dollar, U.S. dollar, American dollar, or colloquially buck) is the official ...

in damage after striking Japan. Four Category 5 tropical cyclones formed in 1991. Tropical cyclone activity in each basin is under the authority of an RSMC. The National Hurricane Center (NHC) is responsible for tropical cyclones in the North Atlantic and East Pacific. The Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC) is responsible for tropical cyclones in the Central Pacific. Both the NHC and CPHC are subdivisions of the

National Weather Service The National Weather Service (NWS) is an agency of the United States federal government that is tasked with providing weather forecasts, warnings of hazardous weather, and other weather-related products to organizations and the public for the ...

. Activity in the West Pacific is monitored by the

Japan Meteorological Agency The , abbreviated JMA, is an agency of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. It is charged with gathering and providing results for the public in Japan that are obtained from data based on daily scientific observation an ...

(JMA). Systems in the North Indian Ocean are monitored by the India Meteorological Department (IMD). The Météo-France located in Réunion (MFR) monitors tropical activity in the South-West Indian Ocean. The Australian region is monitored by five TCWCs that are under the coordination of the Australian

Bureau of Meteorology The Bureau of Meteorology (BOM or BoM) is an executive agency of the Australian Government responsible for providing weather services to Australia and surrounding areas. It was established in 1906 under the Meteorology Act, and brought together ...

(BOM). Similarly, the South Pacific is monitored by both the

Fiji Meteorological Service The Fiji Meteorological Service (FMS) is a Department of the government of Fiji responsible for providing weather forecasts and is based on the grounds of Nadi Airport in Nadi. The current director of Fiji Meteorological Service is Misaeli Funak ...

(FMS) and the Meteorological Service of New Zealand Limited. Other, unofficial agencies that provide additional guidance in tropical cyclone monitoring include the

Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration Pagasa may refer to: * ''Pagasa'' (genus), an insect genus in the family Nabidae * PAGASA, an acronym for the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration *"May Pagasa", a pen-name of José Rizal José Prot ...

(PAGASA) and the

Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South P ...

(JTWC).

Global conditions and hydrological summary

Summary

ImageSize = width:1600 height:336 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:80 right:20 left:20 Legend = columns:3 left:30 top:58 columnwidth:270 AlignBars = early DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:25/12/1990 till:10/01/1992 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMinor = grid:black unit:month increment:1 start:01/01/1991 Colors = id:canvas value:gray(0.88) id:NATL value:blue legend: North_Atlantic_Ocean id:EPAC/CPAC value:green legend: East_and_Central_Pacific_Ocean id:WPAC value:red legend: West_Pacific_Ocean id:NIO value:orange legend: North_Indian_Ocean id:SWIO value:purple legend: Southwest_Indian_Ocean id:SPAC value:yellow legend: South_Pacific_Ocean id:AUSR value:pink legend: Australian_Region id:SATL value:black legend: South_Atlantic_Ocean id:MED value:gray(0.99) legend: Mediterranean_Sea Backgroundcolors = canvas:canvas BarData = barset:Hurricane bar:Month PlotData= barset:Hurricane width:11 align:left fontsize:S shift:(4,-4) anchor:till from:08/01/1991 till:18/01/1991 color:SWIO text:"Alison" from:17/01/1991 till:20/01/1991 color:NIO text:"01A" from:18/01/1991 till:04/02/1991 color:SWIO text:"

Bella Bella is a feminine given name. It is a diminutive form of names ending in -bella. ''Bella'' is related to the Italian, Spanish, Greek, Portuguese and Latin words for beautiful, to the name Belle, meaning ''beautiful'' in French. It increased in ...

" from:15/02/1991 till:21/02/1991 color:AUSR text:"Chris" from:16/02/1991 till:19/02/1991 color:SWIO text:"Cynthia" from:21/02/1991 till:28/02/1991 color:AUSR text:"Daphne" from:24/02/1991 till:05/03/1991 color:AUSR text:"Kelvin" from:26/02/1991 till:05/03/1991 color:AUSR text:"Elma" from:10/04/1991 till:14/04/1991 color:SATL text:"Unnamed" bar:Month width:5 align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,-20) anchor:middle color:canvas from:25/12/1990 till:31/12/1990 text:Dec. '90 from:01/01/1991 till:31/01/1991 text:January from:01/02/1991 till:28/02/1991 text:February from:01/03/1991 till:31/03/1991 text:March from:01/04/1991 till:30/04/1991 text:April from:01/05/1991 till:31/05/1991 text:May from:01/06/1991 till:30/06/1991 text:June from:01/07/1991 till:31/07/1991 text:July from:01/08/1991 till:31/08/1991 text:August from:01/09/1991 till:30/09/1991 text:September from:01/10/1991 till:31/10/1991 text:October from:01/11/1991 till:30/11/1991 text:November from:01/12/1991 till:31/12/1991 text:December from:01/01/1992 till:10/01/1992 text:Jan. '92 TextData = pos:(690,30) text:"This table is based on the" pos:(810,30) text:"

Systems

January

January was the least active in terms of

tropical cyclogenesis Tropical cyclogenesis is the development and strengthening of a tropical cyclone in the atmosphere. The mechanisms through which tropical cyclogenesis occurs are distinctly different from those through which temperate cyclogenesis occurs. Tr ...

and named storms, with three tropical systems formed, with two named storms formed. Tropical Cyclone Bella caused flooding in Rodrigues.

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Global effects

Notes

¹ Only systems that formed either on or after January 1, 1991 are counted in the seasonal totals.
² Only systems that formed either before or on December 31, 1991 are counted in the seasonal totals.
³ The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone/basin are based on the IMD Scale which uses 3-minute sustained winds.
⁴ The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone/basin are based on the Saffir Simpson Scale which uses 1-minute sustained winds.
⁵The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone are based on Météo-France which uses gust winds.

References

Bay of Bengal The Bay of Bengal is the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean, bounded on the west and northwest by India, on the north by Bangladesh, and on the east by Myanmar and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India. Its southern limit is a line betwee ...

and the

Arabian Sea The Arabian Sea ( ar, اَلْبَحرْ ٱلْعَرَبِيُّ, Al-Bahr al-ˁArabī) is a region of the northern Indian Ocean bounded on the north by Pakistan, Iran and the Gulf of Oman, on the west by the Gulf of Aden, Guardafui Channel ...

Météo-France – La Reunion
nbsp;– South Indian Ocean from 30°E to 90°E
Fiji Meteorological Service
nbsp;– South Pacific west of 160°E, north of 25° S Tropical Cyclone Warning Centers
Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency of Indonesia
nbsp;– South Indian Ocean from 90°E to 141°E, generally north of 10°S
Australian Bureau of Meteorology (TCWC's Perth, Darwin & Brisbane)
nbsp;– South Indian Ocean & South Pacific Ocean from 90°E to 160°E, generally south of 10°S
Papua New Guinea National Weather Service
nbsp;– South Pacific Ocean from 141°E to 160°E, generally north of 10°S
Meteorological Service of New Zealand Limited
nbsp;– South Pacific west of 160°E, south of 25°S {{DEFAULTSORT:Tropical cyclones in 1991 * Tropical cyclones by year 1991 Atlantic hurricane season 1991 Pacific hurricane season 1991 Pacific typhoon season 1991 North Indian Ocean cyclone season 1990–91 Australian region cyclone season 1991–92 Australian region cyclone season 1990–91 South Pacific cyclone season 1991–92 South Pacific cyclone season 1990–91 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season 1991–92 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season 1991-related lists