Trolleybuses In Ä°zmir
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The Ä°zmir trolleybus system formed part of the public transport network in the city of Ä°zmir, Turkey, from 1954 to 1992.Murray, Alan (2000). ''World Trolleybus Encyclopaedia'', pp. 37, 73, 101 and 103. Yateley, Hampshire, UK: Trolleybooks. . Operated by ESHOT, the system was one of five trolleybus systems to have existed in Turkey, along with ones in Ankara, Istanbul,
Malayta Malaita is the primary island of Malaita Province in Solomon Islands. Malaita is the most populous island of the Solomon Islands, with a population of 161,832 as of 2021, or more than a third of the entire national population. It is also the se ...
, and Sanliurfa. Prior to the opening of the Malatya system, in 2015,''Trolleybus Magazine'' No. 321 (May–June 2015), p. 90. National Trolleybus Association (UK). ISSN 0266-7452. the İzmir system had been the last surviving trolleybus system in Turkey at the time of its closure in 1992. Trolleybuses operated mainly in Konak, with lines to Buca,
Balçova Balçova (pronounced Balchova), is a district of Izmir Province in Turkey. It is one of the eleven districts in the Greater Metropolitan Area of Izmir, the smallest in terms of area. Balçova is a fully urbanized at the rate of 100,0 per cent an ...
and Tepecik.


History

Trolleybuses replaced the declining tramways of İzmir. The first trolleybuses, built by MAN,Haseldine, Peter (May 1979). "Turkish Delight". ''Trolleybus Magazine'' No. 106, pp. 66–69. National Trolleybus Association. . arrived in İzmir on May 14, 1954, on a ship from Germany.Orhan Berent (2005)
İzmir Troleybüsleri (Trolleybuses of İzmir)
Retrieved 2012-01-21.
The first trolleybus line opened on July 28, 1954, or August 16, 1954, between Konak and Güzelyalı. The original fleet totalled eighteen vehicles, MAN trolleybuses (model MKE 3) with Rathgeber bodies, numbered 1–18.''Trolleybus Magazine'' No. 170 (March–April 1990), pp. 46–48. National Trolleybus Association. . The fleet was expanded in 1957 with a purchase of 20
Fiat Fiat Automobiles S.p.A. (, , ; originally FIAT, it, Fabbrica Italiana Automobili di Torino, lit=Italian Automobiles Factory of Turin) is an Italian automobile manufacturer, formerly part of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, and since 2021 a subsidiary ...
2411F trolleybuses, numbered 19–38. The İzmir system was the only Turkish trolleybus system ever to use articulated trolleybuses, but it had only three such vehicles, total. They were built by Fiat/Viberti in 1958 and were numbered 39–41. ESHOT never acquired any more articulated trolleybuses. In the 1960s, the high cost of importing new trolleybuses led the company to convert a batch of Büssing motorbuses into trolleybuses. There were three such conversions in 1962, numbered 42 and 44–45, and 18 more in 1968, numbered 46–63. After the closure of the Istanbul trolleybus system, in 1984, İzmir acquired most of its trolleybuses. These were built in 1962 by
Alfa Romeo Alfa Romeo Automobiles S.p.A. () is an Italian luxury car manufacturer and a subsidiary of Stellantis Italy. It was founded on 24 June 1910 in Milan, Italy, as A.L.F.A., an acronym for ''Anonima Lombarda Fabbrica Automobili''. The brand is know ...
-Fiat, and a total of 75 were acquired secondhand from Istanbul. This was the last fleet of trolleybuses to enter service in Ä°zmir. As of mid-1989, the active trolleybus fleet included 19 of the 1957 Fiat 2411F vehicles, all three of the 1958 Viberti-bodied Fiat articulated vehicles, one 1959 Fiat 2411F (No. 43), and 67 ex-Istanbul Alfa Romeo-Fiat vehicles built in 1962. The last of the MAN trolleybuses that opened the system were retired in 1987 and the last Büssing vehicles in 1988 or 1989. Route 3 was withdrawn on June 9, 1989, leaving four routes still operating: 1, 2, 70 and 80. With its fleet falling apart, ESHOT discontinued trolleybus service in 1992, with different sources giving the date as either March 6, 1992, or September 1992.


Routes

*10 Gümrük–Alsancak - Line later became Route 1. *11 Fahrettin Altay–Alsancak - Line later became Route 2. *12 Fahrettin Altay–Lausanne Square *21 Fahrettin Altay–Montrö *30 Fahrettin Altay–Tepecik - Line later became Route 4. *40 Fahrettin Altay–Kahramanlar - Line later became Route 3. *50 Hatay-Montrö - Line later became Route 86. *70 Montrö–Buca *Fuar Line - A line that circled the International Fairgrounds.


See also

* List of trolleybus systems *
Transport in İzmir İzmir is a transportation hub for western Anatolia. İzmir has an extensive bus system, a developing metro and commuter rail system and a large urban ferry network. The city also has a highway to Çeşme and Aydın as well as a ring around the ci ...


References

{{reflist Izmir Transport in Ä°zmir Izmir