''Criniger'' is a genus of

songbird A songbird is a bird belonging to the suborder Passeri of the perching birds (Passeriformes). Another name that is sometimes seen as the scientific or vernacular name is Oscines, from Latin ''oscen'', "songbird". The Passeriformes contains 500 ...

s in the

bulbul The bulbuls are members of a family, Pycnonotidae, of medium-sized passerine songbirds, which also includes greenbuls, brownbuls, leafloves, and bristlebills. The family is distributed across most of Africa and into the Middle East, tropical As ...

family, Pycnonotidae. The species of ''Criniger'' are found in western and central Africa.

Taxonomy

The genus ''Criniger'' was introduced in 1820 by the Dutch zoologist

Coenraad Jacob Temminck Coenraad Jacob Temminck (; 31 March 1778 – 30 January 1858) was a Dutch people, Dutch Aristocracy (class), aristocrat, Zoology, zoologist and museum director. Biography Coenraad Jacob Temminck was born on 31 March 1778 in Amsterdam in the Dut ...

, the name ''Criniger'' is

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...

for "long-haired" (from ''crinis'', meaning "hair" and ''gerere'', meaning "to carry"). A year later Temminck designated the

type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ...

as the western bearded greenbul.

Species

The genus contains five species: * Western bearded greenbul (''Criniger barbatus'') *

Eastern bearded greenbul The eastern bearded greenbul (''Criniger chloronotus'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found from south-eastern Nigeria to Central African Republic, north-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo and ex ...

(''Criniger chloronotus'') * Red-tailed greenbul (''Criniger calurus'') * White-bearded greenbul (''Criniger ndussumensis'') * Yellow-bearded greenbul (''Criniger olivaceus'')

Former species

Formerly, some authorities also considered the following species (or subspecies) as species within the genus ''Criniger'': * Striated bulbul (as ''Tricophorus striatus'' or ''Criniger striatus'') * Streak-eared bulbul (as ''Criniger Conradi'') * Western greenbul (as ''Trichophorus tephrolaemus'') * Olive-headed greenbul (as ''Criniger olivaceiceps'') * Golden greenbul (as ''Criniger serinus'') *

Honeyguide greenbul The honeyguide greenbul (''Baeopogon indicator'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is widespread throughout the African tropical rainforest. Taxonomy and systematics The honeyguide greenbul was originally describ ...

(as ''Criniger indicator'') * Upper Guinea honeyguide greenbul (as ''Trichophorus leucurus'') *

Yellow-bellied greenbul The yellow-bellied greenbul (''Chlorocichla flaviventris'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in eastern, southern and west-central Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, su ...

(as ''Trichophorus flaviventris'') * Falkenstein's greenbul (as ''Criniger Falkensteini'') * Simple greenbul (as ''Trichophorus simplex'') *

Yellow-throated leaflove The yellow-throated leaflove (''Atimastillas flavicollis'') is a species of leaflove in the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is the only species of the monotypic genus ''Atimastillas''. The yellow-throated leaflove is found in western and ce ...

(as ''Trichophorus flavicollis'' or ''Criniger flavicollis'') * Uganda yellow-throated greenbul (as ''Trichophorus flavigula'') * Northern brownbul (as ''Criniger strepitans'') *

Fischer's greenbul Fischer's greenbul (''Phyllastrephus fischeri'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in eastern Africa from southern Somalia to north-eastern Mozambique. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry f ...

(as ''Criniger Fischeri'') * Cabanis's greenbul (as ''Criniger cabanisi'') *

Icterine greenbul The icterine greenbul (''Phyllastrephus icterinus'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in western and central Africa. Taxonomy and systematics The icterine greenbul was originally described in the genus '' ...

(as ''Trichophorus icterinus'') * Red-tailed bristlebill (multicolor) (as ''Criniger multicolor'') * Green-tailed bristlebill (as ''Trichophorus eximius'') * Yellow-lored bristlebill (as ''Trichophorus notatus'') * Grey-headed bristlebill (as ''Trichophorus canicapillus'') *

Finsch's bulbul Finsch's bulbul (''Iole finschii'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found on the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by h ...

(as ''Criniger finschi'') *

White-throated bulbul The white-throated bulbul (''Alophoixus flaveolus'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in south-eastern Asia from the eastern Himalayas to Myanmar and western Thailand. Its natural habitat is subtropical or ...

(as ''Trichophorus flaveolus'' or ''Criniger flaveolus'') * White-throated bulbul (burmanicus) (as ''Criniger burmanicus'') *

Puff-throated bulbul The puff-throated bulbul (''Alophoixus pallidus'') is a songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. The species was first described by Robert Swinhoe in 1870. It is found in Southeast Asia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist l ...

(as ''Criniger pallidus'') * Grey-crowned bulbul (as ''Criniger griseiceps'') * Puff-throated bulbul (henrici) (as ''Criniger Henrici'') * Ochraceous bulbul (as ''Criniger ochraceus'') * Ochraceous bulbul (sordidus) (as ''Criniger sordidus'') * Ochraceous bulbul (sumatranus) (as ''Criniger sumatranus'') * Ochraceous bulbul (ruficrissus) (as ''Criniger ruficrissus'') *

Grey-cheeked bulbul The grey-cheeked bulbul (''Alophoixus tephrogenys'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found from the Malay Peninsula to the Greater Sunda Islands. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland f ...

(as ''Criniger bres'') * Grey-cheeked bulbul (tephrogenys) (as ''Trichophorus tephrogenys'') * Grey-cheeked bulbul (gutturalis) (as ''Trichophorus gutturalis'' or ''Criniger gutturalis'') *

Palawan bulbul The Palawan bulbul or grey-throated bulbul (''Alophoixus frater'') is a species of songbird in the family Pycnonotidae. It is endemic to Palawan Island in the Philippines. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests ...

(as ''Criniger frater'') *

Yellow-bellied bulbul The yellow-bellied bulbul (''Alophoixus phaeocephalus'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found on the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra and Borneo. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. T ...

(as ''Criniger phaeocephalus'') * Yellow-bellied bulbul (diardi) (as ''Criniger diardi'') * Yellow-bellied bulbul (sulphuratus) (as ''Trichophorus sulphuratus'') *

Yellow-browed bulbul The yellow-browed bulbul (''Acritillas indica''), or golden-browed bulbul, is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in the forests of southern India and Sri Lanka. The yellow-browed bulbul is mainly yellow on the ...

(as ''Trichophorus indicus'') * Yellow-browed bulbul (icterica) (as ''Criniger ictericus'') * Hairy-backed bulbul (as ''Trichophorus minutus'') * Hairy-backed bulbul (sericeus) (as ''Criniger sericea'') *

Grey-eyed bulbul The grey-eyed bulbul (''Iole propinqua'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in Southeast Asia in its natural habitat of subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. Taxonomy and systematics The grey-eyed ...

(as ''Criniger propinquus'') * Charlotte's bulbul (as ''Criniger charlottae'') * Sulphur-bellied bulbul (as ''Criniger palawanensis'') * Seram golden bulbul (as ''Criniger affinis'') * Ambon golden bulbul (as ''Trichophorus flavicaudus'') * Northern golden bulbul (as ''Criniger longirostris'') * Sangihe golden bulbul (as ''Criniger Platenae'') * Togian golden bulbul (as ''Criniger aureus'') * Halmahera golden bulbul (as ''Criniger Chloris'') * Buru golden bulbul (as ''Criniger mystacalis'') *

Yellowish bulbul The yellowish bulbul (''Hypsipetes everetti'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. Taxonomy and systematics The yellowish bulbul was originally described in the genus ''Criniger ''and later placed in the genus ''Ixos'' ...

(as ''Criniger Everetti'') * Sulu bulbul (as ''Criniger Haynaldi'')

Taxonomy

Species

Former species

References

Further reading