''Trečias frontas'' () was a short-lived Lithuanian literary magazine which was the official organ of the Trečiafrontininkai (Third Fronters) group. The magazine was preparing to publish its 6th and 7th issues however after the 5th issue, the magazine was banned by the Lithuanian authorities in 1931.

Contributors

The initiator of the magazine and the ideologist of the program of its activism was

Kazys Boruta Kazys Boruta (6 January 1905, in Kūlokai, near Marijampolė – 9 March 1965, in Vilnius Vilnius ( , ; see also other names) is the capital and largest city of Lithuania, with a population of 592,389 (according to the state register) or ...

, who lived in political exile. The editorial board of the magazine included: , Jonas Šimkus and

Antanas Venclova Antanas Venclova (7 January 1906 – 28 June 1971) was a Soviet and Lithuanian politician, poet, journalist and translator. Early life Born in Trempiniai in Suwałki Governorate, Venclova studied Lithuanian, Russian and French at the Vytau ...

. Among the prominent contributors of the magazine were Butkų Juzė,

Petras Cvirka Petras Cvirka (March 12, 1909, Jurbarkas District Municipality, Klangai, Kovno Governorate – May 2, 1947, Vilnius) was a Lithuanian writer of several novels, children's books, and short story collections. He wrote under a variety of pen names: A. ...

, ,

Kostas Korsakas Kostas Korsakas (5 October 1909 – 22 November 1986) was a Lithuanian and Soviet literary researcher, critic, philologist, poet and public figure. Biography Born in to a poor working-class family, Korsakas spent most of his childhood in Riga whe ...

, and later contributors and Salomėja Nėris.

Content

Gathered around the magazine, young writers of

leftist Left-wing politics describes the range of political ideologies that support and seek to achieve social equality and egalitarianism, often in opposition to social hierarchy. Left-wing politics typically involve a concern for those in soci ...

and

anti-fascist Anti-fascism is a political movement in opposition to fascist ideologies, groups and individuals. Beginning in European countries in the 1920s, it was at its most significant shortly before and during World War II, where the Axis powers were ...

views, with

socialist Socialism is a left-wing economic philosophy and movement encompassing a range of economic systems characterized by the dominance of social ownership of the means of production as opposed to private ownership. As a term, it describes the e ...

sentiments, formed a literary group of the Third Fronters. They considered themselves representatives of the third generation of writers, replacing the Lithuanian symbolists and the ''

Keturi vėjai Keturi vėjai (''The Four Winds'') was a Lithuanian literary movement and literary magazine, active from 1924 to 1928. The ''Keturi vėjai'' movement began with the publication of ''The Prophet of the Four Winds'' by Kazys Binkis (1893–1942). ...

'' and criticized the official ideology of the state, clericalism as well as stagnation in the Lithuanian literary life. In the beginning, the magazine promoted activism and the new creative method neorealism (in this case a synthesis of realism,

expressionism Expressionism is a modernist movement, initially in poetry and painting, originating in Northern Europe around the beginning of the 20th century. Its typical trait is to present the world solely from a subjective perspective, distorting it rad ...

and

futurism Futurism ( it, Futurismo, link=no) was an artistic and social movement that originated in Italy, and to a lesser extent in other countries, in the early 20th century. It emphasized dynamism, speed, technology, youth, violence, and objects such ...

). Kostas Korsakas played a major role in changing the direction of the magazine and the creative attitudes of the Third Front members, who in an affirmed the idea of the class character of literature and the need to serve the proletariat. Spontaneous rebellion and avant-garde experiments were replaced by radical ideologization, an orientation towards

Marxist ideology Marxism is a left-wing to far-left method of socioeconomic analysis that uses a materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to understand class relations and social conflict and a dialecti ...

and

proletarian literature Proletarian literature refers here to the literature created by left-wing writers mainly for the class-conscious proletariat. Though the ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' states that because it "is essentially an intended device of revolution", it is ...

, a transition to political agitation and a realistic manner of writing. A significant place in the journal was occupied by translations from foreign languages and information about foreign literary life, reflecting the search for like-minded people in other countries.

References

{{Italic title Magazines established in 1930 1930 establishments in Lithuania Magazines disestablished in 1931 1931 disestablishments in Lithuania Lithuanian-language magazines Defunct literary magazines published in Europe Mass media in Kaunas Defunct magazines published in Lithuania