''Trechona'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...
of
South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the sout ...
n
curtain web spiders that was first described by
C. L. Koch in 1850.
The venom of at least one species is considered potentially dangerous to humans.
Characteristics
Spiders of this genus grow up to 5 cm in length, are brownish to blackened, with a
'' zebra '' coloring on the abdomen, with clear transverse bands, the lyre is composed of rigid bristles of different sizes. They are spiders of fossorial and nocturnal habits, found in tunnels dug in ravines, also on top of logs or rocks in the forest, this species is very common in the Atlantic forest. Studies show that the venom of T. venosa is more potent than that of the Brazilian yellow scorpion (
Tityus serrulatus). Few recorded accidents, possibly caused by T. rufa.
The venom of T. venosa has a lethal dose of 0.070 mg for 20 grams rat by subcutaneous injection, and 0.030 mg by intravenous injection, 2 mg by intramuscular injection results in muscle contractions, paralysis and death in rats, while 0.4 mg results in death by tetanism, for pigeons, the lethal dose ranges from 0.01-0.007 mg, by intravenous injection. The average yield is 1,00 mg, and the maximum is 1,70 mg.
Species
it contains 7 species, all found in
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
:
*''
Trechona adspersa''
Bertkau, 1880 – Brazil
*''
Trechona cotia''
Pedroso, de Miranda & Baptista, 2019 — Brazil
*''
Trechona diamantina''
Guadanuccia, Fonseca-Ferreira, Baptista & Pedroso, 2016 – Brazil
*''
Trechona excursora''
Pedroso, de Miranda & Baptista, 2019 — Brazil
*''
Trechona rufa''
Vellard, 1924 – Brazil
*''
Trechona uniformis''
Mello-Leitão, 1935 – Brazil
*''
Trechona venosa''
(Latreille, 1832) (
type) – Brazil
References
Dipluridae
Mygalomorphae genera
Spiders of Brazil
{{Mygalomorphae-stub