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Type Species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen(s). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name that has that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have such types.
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Hygromia
''Hygromia'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Hygromiidae, the hairy snails and their allies. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Hygromia Risso, 1826. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=882571 on 2021-03-13 Species Species within the genus ''Hygromia'' include: * † ''Hygromia carinatissima'' (Sacco, 1886) * ''Hygromia cinctella'' Draparnaud, 1801 * ''Hygromia golasi'' Prieto & Puente, 1992 * ''Hygromia limbata'' (Draparnaud, 1805) * ''Hygromia montana'' * ''Hygromia odeca'' (Bourguignat, 1882) * ''Hygromia riopida'' * ''Hygromia striolata'' * ''Hygromia tassyi'' (Bourguignat, 1884) ;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Hygromia folliculata'' Risso, 1826: synonym of '' Ciliella ciliata'' (W. Hartmann, 1821) (junior synonym) * ''Hygromia kovacsi'' Varga & Pintér, 1972: synonym of ''Kovacsia kovacsi ''Kovacsia kovacsi'', is a species o ...
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Monacha
''Monacha'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Trochulininae Lindholm, 1927 of the family Hygromiidae, the hairy snails and their allies. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Monacha Fitzinger, 1833. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=426406 on 2021-08-12 Distribution The distribution of the genus ''Monacha'' includes western Europe, Central Europe, Mediterranean, Asia minor and Turkey (more than 50 species of ''Monacha''), Georgia, Russia, Arabia, Iran, Azerbaijan (1 species). It is not in Armenia. The greatest diversity of species is in the Pontic region. Species Species within the genus ''Monacha'' include:Hausdorf B. (2000). "The genus ''Monacha'' in the Western Caucasus (Gastropoda: Hygromiidae)". '' Journal of Natural History'' 34(8): 1575-1594PDF. . * '' Monacha albocincta'' (P. Hesse, 1912) * '' Monacha aniliensis'' P. L. ...
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Cygnus Cygnus EM1B8407 (33625656403) (2)
Cygnus is the Latin word for swan and may refer to: Astronomy * Cygnus (constellation), a northern constellation ** Cygnus A, a radio galaxy within the constellation ** Cygnus X (star complex), a star complex within the constellation ** Cygnus X-1, a binary system within the constellation ** Cygnus X-3, a binary system within the constellation Business & industry * Cygnus 20, a Canadian sailboat design * ''Cygnus'' (spacecraft), a space vehicle developed by Orbital Sciences Corporation and Thales Alenia Space * Cygnus Air or Gestair Cargo, a Spanish cargo airline * Cygnus Business Media, a U.S.-based business-to-business publishing company * Cygnus Solutions, a company that provided commercial support for free software and the original developer of Cygwin Other uses * ''Cygnus'' (genus), the genus of most swans * Cygnus (mythology) or Cycnus, a number of characters in Greek mythology * Cygnus X-1 (song series), a 1977–1978 two-part song series by Rush * Cygnus X (music ...
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Genetypes
Genetypes is a taxonomic concept proposed in 2010 to describe any genetic sequences from type specimens. This nomenclature integrates molecular systematics and terms used in biological taxonomy. This nomenclature is designed to label, or flag, genetic sequences that were sampled from type specimens. The nomenclature of genetypes proposes that genetic sequences from a holotype should be referred to as a “hologenetype” (from “holotype” and “genetype”), sequences from a topotype should be a “topogenetype”, and so forth. In addition, the genetic marker(s) used should be incorporated into the nomenclature (e.g. paragenetype ND2). The genetypes nomenclatural system could be used to flag “gold standard” sequences that due to their direct link to type specimens will be more credible than standard sequences whose species identification may be problematic. Misidentifications plague many sequences on GenBank and having some sequences that are linked to type specimens will ...
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Glossary Of Scientific Naming
This is a list of terms and symbols used in scientific names for organisms, and in describing the names. For proper parts of the names themselves, see List of Latin and Greek words commonly used in systematic names. Note that many of the abbreviations are used with or without a stop. Naming standards and taxonomic organizations and their codes and taxonomies * ICTV – International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses * ICSP – International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes ** formerly the ICSB – International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology ** publishes the ICNP – International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes *** formerly the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria (ICNB) or Bacteriological Code (BC) * ICZN – International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature ** publishes ''ICZN'' the '' International Code of Zoological Nomenclature'' or "ICZN Code" * IBC – International Botanical Congress ** publishes ''ICN'' the '' International Code of Nomen ...
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Hypericum
''Hypericum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Hypericaceae (formerly considered a subfamily of Clusiaceae). The genus has a nearly worldwide distribution, missing only from tropical lowlands, deserts and polar regions. Many ''Hypericum'' species are regarded as invasive species and noxious weeds. All members of the genus may be referred to as St. John's wort, and some are known as goatweed. The white or pink flowered marsh St. John's worts of North America and eastern Asia are generally accepted as belonging to the separate genus '' Triadenum'' Raf. ''Hypericum'' is unusual for a genus of its size because a worldwide taxonomic monograph was produced for it by Norman Robson (working at the Natural History Museum, London). Robson recognizes 36 sections within ''Hypericum''. Description ''Hypericum'' species are quite variable in habit, occurring as trees, shrubs, annuals, and perennials. Trees in the sense of single stemmed woody plants are rare, as most woody s ...
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Hypericum Aegypticum
''Hypericum aegypticum'' is a species of flowering plant of the St. John's wort family ( Hypericaceae) which is native to the Eastern Mediterranean. It was described by Carl Linnaeus in the second volume of his '' Species Plantarum'' in 1753, who named it after Egypt despite it not being distributed there. The plant is commonly known as shrubby St. John's wort or Egyptian St. John's wort in English. Like other members of section '' Adenotrias'', it is found among limestone rocks in coastal areas. While it has been evaluated as threatened on the island of Malta, the species has no legal protections. The species is a shrub or shrublet that grows up to 2 meters (6.5 feet) tall with many branches, each having a single small flower with five yellow petals and many stamens. Its leaves lack hairs, and have densely patterned glands and large primary veins. The species is notable for its heterostyly, a trait which within the ''Hypericum'' genus is unique to section ''Adenotrias'', an ...
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Homarus Gammarus
''Homarus gammarus'', known as the European lobster or common lobster, is a species of clawed lobster from the eastern Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea and parts of the Black Sea. It is closely related to the American lobster, ''H. americanus''. It may grow to a length of and a mass of , and bears a conspicuous pair of claws. In life the lobsters are blue, only becoming "lobster red" on cooking. Mating occurs in the summer, producing eggs which are carried by the females for up to a year before hatching into planktonic larvae. ''Homarus gammarus'' is a highly esteemed food, and is widely caught using lobster pots, mostly around the British Isles. Description ''Homarus gammarus'' is a large crustacean, with a body length up to and weighing up to , although the lobsters caught in lobster pots are usually long and weigh . Like other crustaceans, lobsters have a hard exoskeleton which they must shed in order to grow, in a process called ecdysis (molting). This may oc ...
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Synonym (taxonomy)
The Botanical and Zoological Codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently. * In botanical nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linnaeus was the first to give a scientific name (under the currently used system of scientific nomenclature) to the Norway spruce, which he called ''Pinus abies''. This name is no longer in use, so it is now a synonym of the current scientific name, '' Picea abies''. * In zoology, moving a species from one genus to another results in a different binomen, but the name is considered an alternative combination rather than a synonym. The concept of synonymy in zoology is reserved for two names at the same rank that refers to a taxon at that rank - for example, the name ''Papilio prorsa'' Linnaeus, 1758 is a junior synonym of ''Papilio levana'' Linnaeus, 1758, being names for different seasonal forms of the species now referred to as ''Araschnia ...
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Homarus Marinus
''Homarus gammarus'', known as the European lobster or common lobster, is a species of clawed lobster from the eastern Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea and parts of the Black Sea. It is closely related to the American lobster, ''H. americanus''. It may grow to a length of and a mass of , and bears a conspicuous pair of claws. In life the lobsters are blue, only becoming "lobster red" on cooking. Mating occurs in the summer, producing eggs which are carried by the females for up to a year before hatching into planktonic larvae. ''Homarus gammarus'' is a highly esteemed food, and is widely caught using lobster pots, mostly around the British Isles. Description ''Homarus gammarus'' is a large crustacean, with a body length up to and weighing up to , although the lobsters caught in lobster pots are usually long and weigh . Like other crustaceans, lobsters have a hard exoskeleton which they must shed in order to grow, in a process called ecdysis (molting). This may oc ...
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Astacus Marinus
''Homarus gammarus'', known as the European lobster or common lobster, is a species of clawed lobster from the eastern Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea and parts of the Black Sea. It is closely related to the American lobster, ''H. americanus''. It may grow to a length of and a mass of , and bears a conspicuous pair of claws. In life the lobsters are blue, only becoming "lobster red" on cooking. Mating occurs in the summer, producing eggs which are carried by the females for up to a year before hatching into planktonic larvae. ''Homarus gammarus'' is a highly esteemed food, and is widely caught using lobster pots, mostly around the British Isles. Description ''Homarus gammarus'' is a large crustacean, with a body length up to and weighing up to , although the lobsters caught in lobster pots are usually long and weigh . Like other crustaceans, lobsters have a hard exoskeleton which they must shed in order to grow, in a process called ecdysis (molting). This may oc ...
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Annual Review Of Entomology
The ''Annual Review of Entomology'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes review articles about entomology, the study of insects. First published in 1956 from a collaboration between the Entomological Society of America and Annual Reviews, its longest-serving editors are Thomas E. Mittler (1967–1997) and May Berenbaum (1998–2018). As of 2022, it has a 2021 impact factor of 22.682. History In 1953, a committee within the Entomological Society of America examined the volume of literature published each year in the field and recommended that a journal be established that published review articles. The Entomological Society approached the nonprofit publisher Annual Reviews, which also agreed that there was a need for a review series in entomology. The ''Annual Review of Entomology'' published its first volume in 1956, making it the tenth title published by Annual Reviews. At first, the ESA remained involved with the operation of the journal and confirmed the ...
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