The Treaty of Knäred (, ) was signed on 21 January 1613 and ended the
Kalmar War (1611–1613) between
Denmark-Norway and
Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic count ...
. The peace negotiations came about under an English initiative. The peace was guaranteed by King
James I of
England
England is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is located on the island of Great Britain, of which it covers about 62%, and List of islands of England, more than 100 smaller adjacent islands. It ...
and VI of
Scotland
Scotland is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It contains nearly one-third of the United Kingdom's land area, consisting of the northern part of the island of Great Britain and more than 790 adjac ...
.
The treaty was named after the village of
Knäred in
Halland
Halland () is one of the traditional provinces of Sweden (''landskap''), on the western coast of Götaland, southern Sweden. It borders Västergötland, Småland, Skåne, Scania and the sea of Kattegat. Until 1645 and the Second Treaty of Br ...
, where it was signed at a border bridge in what was then the Danish Halland. The peace meant that the kingdoms restored the conquests made during the war. Under the terms of the treaty, Sweden would give back
Jemtland and
Herjedalen to Norway.
Denmark-Norway would give back
Borgholm,
Kalmar
Kalmar (, , ) is a city in the southeast of Sweden, situated by the Baltic Sea. It had 41,388 inhabitants in 2020 and is the seat of Kalmar Municipality. It is also the capital of Kalmar County, which comprises 12 municipalities with a total of ...
and
Öland
Öland (, ; ; sometimes written ''Oland'' internationally) is the second-largest Swedish island and the smallest of the traditional provinces of Sweden. Öland has an area of and is located in the Baltic Sea just off the coast of Småland. ...
.
As a result, Sweden also had to pay the
Älvsborg Ransom of one million
Rixdollar Rixdollar is the English term for silver coinage used throughout the European continent (, , , ).
The same term was also used of currency in Cape Colony and Ceylon. However, the Rixdollar only existed as a coin in Ceylon. Unissued remainder bankn ...
s
for the return of the fortress of
Älvsborg. The ransom was paid by 1619.
Gustavus Adolphus - Foreign Policy
/ref>
A memorial stone over the site was erected between Knäred and Markaryd
Markaryd () is a locality and the seat of Markaryd Municipality, Kronoberg County, Sweden with 3,966 inhabitants in 2010.
International relations
Twin towns — Sister cities
Markaryd is twinned with:
* Bytów, Poland
Poland, official ...
in 1925 by the Halland Art Museum (''Hallands konstmuseum'').
See also
* ''Dominium maris baltici
The establishment of a , . ("Baltic Sea dominion") was one of the primary political aims of the Kingdom of Denmark, Danish and Kingdom of Sweden, Swedish kingdoms in the Late Middle Ages, late medieval and Early Modern era, early modern eras. Th ...
''
* List of Danish wars
* List of Swedish wars
* List of treaties
This list of treaties contains known agreements, pacts, peaces, and major contracts between states, armies, governments, and tribal groups.
Before 1200 CE
1200–1299
1300–1399
1400–1499
1500–1599
1600–1699
1700–1799
...
References
External links
Hallands Konstmuseum website
Knared
Knared
Knared
Knared
1613 in Denmark
1613 treaties
Treaties of the Swedish Empire
Treaties of Denmark–Norway
1613 in Sweden
{{Treaty-stub