The Train 2T, 4T and 6T were low power piston engines for light aircraft, produced in

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

. They were inverted, air-cooled in-line engines with the same bore and stroke, differing chiefly in the number of cylinders.

Design and development

In the 1930s Train introduced a series of

air-cooled Air-cooled engines rely on the circulation of air directly over heat dissipation fins or hot areas of the engine to cool them in order to keep the engine within operating temperatures. In all combustion engines, a great percentage of the heat ge ...

, inverted in-line piston engines for light aircraft. The T series all used the same

cylinders A cylinder (from ) has traditionally been a three-dimensional solid, one of the most basic of curvilinear geometric shapes. In elementary geometry, it is considered a prism with a circle as its base. A cylinder may also be defined as an infini ...

piston A piston is a component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors, hydraulic cylinders and pneumatic cylinders, among other similar mechanisms. It is the moving component that is contained by a cylinder and is made gas-tig ...

connecting rod A connecting rod, also called a 'con rod', is the part of a piston engine which connects the piston to the crankshaft. Together with the crank, the connecting rod converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotation of the cranksh ...

valve train A valvetrain or valve train is a mechanical system that controls the operation of the intake and exhaust valves in an internal combustion engine. The intake valves control the flow of air/fuel mixture (or air alone for direct-injected engines) ...

s and ignition system, combined into 2 (2T), 4 (4T), and 6 (6T) cylinder units of the same layout. The number of crankshaft bearings (3, 5 or 7) and throws (2, 4 or 6) naturally depended on the number of cylinders, as did the number of cams (4, 8 or 12) on the underhead camshaft. Each cylinder had a swept volume of , so the displacements were , and and the rated outputs , and respectively. The Train 6D was a variant of the 6T with increased bore of .

Operational history

Several International 2-litre Class records were set in 1937 by aircraft powered by the Train 4T. On 7 June 1937 M. Duverene averaged over and over in a single engine Kellner-Béchereau E.1. On 27 December 1937 Mme Lafargue reached an altitude of in a Touya, setting both a class and a women's record. It also powered aircraft on some notable cross-country flights; on 30 December 1937 M. Lenee flew a Kellner-Béchereau E.1 from

Elde The Elde () is a river in northern Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and a few km in Brandenburg), a right tributary of the Elbe. Its total length is . The Elde originates near Altenhof, south of Malchow. It first flows southeast towards the southe ...

Biarritz Biarritz ( , , , ; Basque also ; oc, Biàrritz ) is a city on the Bay of Biscay, on the Atlantic coast in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the French Basque Country in southwestern France. It is located from the border with Spain. ...

, a distance of ; the same day M. Blazy flew a two-seat SFAN 5 aircraft from

Guyancourt Guyancourt () is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. It is located in the south-western suburbs of Paris, from the center of Paris, in the "new town" of Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines. Geography ...

to Champniers, Charente, covering . Six Train 4Ts were used in the 2 seat, span

Potez-CAMS 160 The Potez-CAMS 160 was a one-off 5/13 scale flight model built in France, first flown in the summer of 1938 to test aerodynamic and hydrodynamic qualities of the Potez-CAMS 161 airliner and mail carrier, which was too large for detailed modelling ...

flying boat, a 1:2.6 scale model of the large

Potez-CAMS 161 The Potez-CAMS 161 was a large, French six-engined flying boat airliner, designed to operate on the North Atlantic routes that were opening up in the late 1930s. Its development was almost halted by World War II. Just one was built and partiall ...

aircraft.

Variants

From ''Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938'' unless noted ;Train 2T :2-cylinders, , , ;Train 4T :4-cylinders, , , ::Train 4A - variant of the 4T ::Train 4E - variant of the 4T ;Train 6T :6-cylinders, , , ;Train 6C-01 : Powered the Tokyo Imperial University LB-2 ;Train 6D :6-cylinders, , ,

Applications

From ''Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938'' and www.AviaFrance

4-cylinder models

* Brochet MB.50 (4T) * Carmier T.10 (4A) * Caudron C.344 (4T) * Chilton D.W.1A (4T) * Druine Aigle 777 (4T) * Duverne-Saran (4T) * Hennion 01 (4A 01) * Kellner-Béchereau E.1 (4T) *

Mauboussin Hémiptère The Mauboussin M.40 Hémiptère was an experimental, single seat, single engine light aircraft with unequal span tandem wings, designed in France in the 1930s. Only one was built. Design and development Between 1928 and 1932 Pierre Maubouss ...

(4T) * Morane-Saulnier MS-660 (4E-01) * Nicolas-Claude NC-2 Aquilon (4E-01?) * Payen AP-10 (4T) *

(4T or 4A-01) * Régnier 12 (4T) * Touya aircraft (4T) * Trébucien Sport (4T)

6-cylinder models

* Aubert PA-20 Cigale (6T) * Duverne-Saran 01 (6T) * Kellner-Béchereau EC.4 (6T) * Kellner-Béchereau ED.5 (6T) * S.E.C.A.T. S.4 Mouette * SECAT VI La Mouette (6T) * SFAN 5 (6T) * Volland V-10 (6T)

Specifications (4T)

References

{{Reflist, refs= {{cite book , title= Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938, last= Grey , first= C.G. , year=1972, publisher= David & Charles, location= London, isbn=0-7153-5734-4, page=56d {{cite book , title=Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938, last= Grey , first= C.G. , year=1972, page=111c {{cite journal , date=24 August 1936, title=Un nouveaux moteur: le Train 4E-01 de 50/55CV, journal=Les Ailes, issue=946, pages=7, url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6555914g/f15 {{cite journal , date=3 November 1938, title=Que reste-t-il des Avions du 1936?, journal=Les Ailes, issue=910, pages=15, url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6554706x/f7 1930s aircraft piston engines