Torrens Island is an
island
An island (or isle) is an isolated piece of habitat that is surrounded by a dramatically different habitat, such as water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets, skerries, cays or keys. An island ...
in the Australian state of
South Australia
South Australia (commonly abbreviated as SA) is a state in the southern central part of Australia. It covers some of the most arid parts of the country. With a total land area of , it is the fourth-largest of Australia's states and territories ...
located in the
Adelaide metropolitan area in the
Port River
The Port River (officially known as the Port Adelaide River) is part of a tidal estuary located north of the Adelaide city centre in the Australian state of South Australia. It has been used as a shipping channel since the beginning of European ...
Estuary about northwest of the
Adelaide city centre
Adelaide city centre (Kaurna: Tarndanya) is the inner city locality of Greater Adelaide, the capital city of South Australia. It is known by locals simply as "the City" or "Town" to distinguish it from Greater Adelaide and from the City of Ade ...
. Since European settlement of
Adelaide
Adelaide ( ) is the capital city of South Australia, the state's largest city and the fifth-most populous city in Australia. "Adelaide" may refer to either Greater Adelaide (including the Adelaide Hills) or the Adelaide city centre. The dem ...
in 1836, it has been used for a number of purposes.
Geographical features
An island in the Port River Estuary between the Port River to the west and
Barker Inlet
The Barker Inlet is a tidal inlet of the Gulf St Vincent in Adelaide, South Australia, named after Captain Collet Barker who first sighted it in 1831. It contains one of the southernmost mangrove forests in the world, a dolphin sanctuary, seagra ...
to the east, Torrens Island is located about north-west of Adelaide. Light Passage, named after founder of Adelaide Colonel
William Light
William Light (27 April 1786 – 6 October 1839), also known as Colonel Light, was a British- Malayan naval and army officer. He was the first Surveyor-General of the new British Province of South Australia, known for choosing the site o ...
, lies in the
Port River
The Port River (officially known as the Port Adelaide River) is part of a tidal estuary located north of the Adelaide city centre in the Australian state of South Australia. It has been used as a shipping channel since the beginning of European ...
between
Pelican Point and Torrens Island. Torrens Island is separated from the smaller
Garden Island to the south by the
Angas Inlet
The Barker Inlet is a tidal inlet of the Gulf St Vincent in Adelaide, South Australia, named after Captain Collet Barker who first sighted it in 1831. It contains one of the southernmost mangrove forests in the world, a dolphin sanctuary, seag ...
, but is connected to the mainland by a causeway and a bridge over the
North Arm
North Arm is a settlement in Lafonia, the southern part of East Falkland, in the Falkland Islands, It is on the south coast, on the shore of the Bay of Harbours, and overlooks Sea Lion Island in the distance. In 2007, the population was 25 p ...
.
History
European discovery and use
According to the ''
Australian Dictionary of Biography
The ''Australian Dictionary of Biography'' (ADB or AuDB) is a national co-operative enterprise founded and maintained by the Australian National University (ANU) to produce authoritative biographical articles on eminent people in Australia's ...
'', Governor
George Gawler
Lieutenant-Colonel George Gawler, KH, (21 July 1795 – 7 May 1869) was the second Governor of South Australia, at the same time serving as Resident Commissioner, from 17 October 1838 until 15 May 1841.
Biography Early life
Gawler, born on 21 ...
in 1837 named the site after
Robert Torrens senior, who was chairman of the South Australian Colonisation Commission, the board responsible for setting up and running the colony in its early years.
Quarantine Station
![TIQS - Refshauge House, 2017-09-21](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/TIQS_-_Refshauge_House%2C_2017-09-21.jpg)
Being uninhabited, an island, adjacent to
Port Adelaide
Port Adelaide is a port-side region of Adelaide, approximately northwest of the Adelaide CBD. It is also the namesake of the City of Port Adelaide Enfield council, a suburb, a federal and state electoral division and is the main port for the ...
, and near
Outer Harbor, Torrens Island was initially used as the site of a Quarantine Station for new arrivals (by sea) to South Australia.
[D. Wals]
Torrens Island Quarantine Station
''Weekendnotes'', 4 July 2013. Accessed 17 July 2013. One example of its use was during the
Boonah crisis
HMAT ''Boonah'' was built in Germany in 1912 for the Australian trade, and known as the ''Melbourne''. In Sydney at the outbreak of World War I in 1914, she was seized by the Government of Australia, Commonwealth Government, renamed ''Boonah'', a ...
.
There were two quarantine stations on the site at different times; the surviving Torrens Island Quarantine Station is listed on the
South Australian Heritage Register
The South Australian Heritage Register, also known as the SA Heritage Register, is a statutory register of historic places in South Australia. It extends legal protection regarding demolition and development under the ''Heritage Places Act 1993'' ...
.
Tours of the heritage-listed Quarantine Station are conducted by the
South Australian Maritime Museum
The South Australian Maritime Museum is a state government museum, part of the History Trust of South Australia. The Museum opened in 1986 in a collection of historic buildings in the heart of Port Adelaide, South Australia's first heritage prec ...
.
Internment Camp
The Torrens Island
Internment Camp
Internment is the imprisonment of people, commonly in large groups, without charges or intent to file charges. The term is especially used for the confinement "of enemy citizens in wartime or of terrorism suspects". Thus, while it can simply ...
was a
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
detention camp which held up to 400 men of German or Austro-Hungarian background between 9 October 1914 and 16 August 1915.
Land use
Power Stations
![Quarantine Power Station Torrens island Adelaide](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Quarantine_Power_Station_Torrens_island_Adelaide.jpg)
There are three power stations on Torrens Island:
*
Torrens Island Power Station
Torrens Island Power Station is located on Torrens Island, near Adelaide, South Australia and is operated by AGL Energy. It burns natural gas in eight steam turbines to generate up to 1,280 MW of electricity. The gas is supplied via the SEAGas ...
, completed in 1967, and since 2007 operated by
AGL Energy
AGL Energy Ltd () is an Australian listed public company involved in both the generation and retailing of electricity and gas for residential and commercial use. AGL is Australia's largest electricity generator, and the nation's largest carbo ...
; capacity of 1,280 MW.
*
Quarantine Power Station
Quarantine Power Station is a gas-powered electricity generation facility near the northern end of Torrens Island in the northwestern suburbs of Adelaide, South Australia. It is at the opposite end of Torrens Island from AGL Energy's Torrens Isla ...
, built and operated since 2002 by
Origin Energy
Origin Energy an ASX listed public company with headquarters in Sydney. It is a major integrated electricity generator, and electricity and natural gas retailer. It operates Australia’s largest coal-fired power station at Lake Macquarie, New ...
; original capacity 95 MW, expanded in 2009 to 216 MW.
*
Barker Inlet Power Station
Barker Inlet Power Station is a power station in South Australia. It was announced on 7 June 2017 by AGL Energy to replace part of its ageing Torrens Island Power Station and was built alongside the existing station on Torrens Island in the nort ...
was announced in 2017 with construction commenced in the third quarter of the year and opened in November 2019.
Protected area status
![Port Adelaide aerial view](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Port_Adelaide_aerial_view.jpg)
Torrens Island has been located within the boundaries of the following
protected area
Protected areas or conservation areas are locations which receive protection because of their recognized natural, ecological or cultural values. There are several kinds of protected areas, which vary by level of protection depending on the ena ...
s to varying extents since 1963, 1973 and 2005 respectively – the
Torrens Island Conservation Park
Torrens Island Conservation Park (formerly Torrens Island National Park Reserve and Torrens Island Wild-life Reserve) is a protected area in the Australian state of South Australia located on Torrens Island in the Adelaide metropolitan area ...
which covers all of the island down to
low water
Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the combined effects of the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon (and to a much lesser extent, the Sun) and are also caused by the Earth and Moon orbiting one another.
Tide tables ca ...
with exception to the most of land associated with the
former quarantine station and the land associated with the
Quarantine Power Station
Quarantine Power Station is a gas-powered electricity generation facility near the northern end of Torrens Island in the northwestern suburbs of Adelaide, South Australia. It is at the opposite end of Torrens Island from AGL Energy's Torrens Isla ...
and
Torrens Island Power Station
Torrens Island Power Station is located on Torrens Island, near Adelaide, South Australia and is operated by AGL Energy. It burns natural gas in eight steam turbines to generate up to 1,280 MW of electricity. The gas is supplied via the SEAGas ...
s, the
Barker Inlet-St Kilda Aquatic Reserve
Barker may refer to:
Occupations
* Barker (occupation), a person who attempts to attract patrons to entertainment events
* Barker (coachbuilder), a builder of horse-drawn coaches and later of bodywork for prestige cars
* a person who strips tanb ...
which covers all of the east side of the island located below
high water
Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the combined effects of the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon (and to a much lesser extent, the Sun) and are also caused by the Earth and Moon orbiting one another.
Tide tables can ...
and the
Adelaide Dolphin Sanctuary
Adelaide Dolphin Sanctuary (ADS) is a marine protected area in the Australian state of South Australia located on the east coast of Gulf St Vincent in and adjoining the north-western part of the Adelaide, covering the estuary of the Port River ar ...
which overlays the entire island.
See also
*List of islands of Australia
This is a list of selected Australian islands grouped by State or Territory. Australia has 8,222 islands within its maritime borders.
Largest islands
The islands larger than are:
* Tasmania (Tas) ;
* Melville Island, Northern Territory (NT ...
*List of power stations in South Australia
This is a list of active power stations in South Australia, Australia. Candidates for this list must already be commissioned and capable of generating 1 MW or more of electricity.
Coal fired
Since 2016, there has been no coal-fired power gener ...
References
Islands of South Australia
Geography of Adelaide
Gulf St Vincent
History of Port Adelaide
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