In topography, jut is a measure of the base-to-peak rise and visual impressiveness of a

mountain summit A summit is a point on a surface that is higher in elevation than all points immediately adjacent to it. The topographic terms acme, apex, peak (mountain peak), and zenith are synonymous. The term (mountain top) is generally used only for a m ...

or other landform. It describes how sharply or impressively a location rises above surrounding terrain by factoring both height above surroundings and steepness of ascent.

Description

A mountain with a jut of X can be interpreted to rise as sharply or impressively as a vertical cliff of X. For example, a vertical cliff of height 100 meters, a 45° slope of height 141 meters, and a 30° slope of height 200 meters all measure a jut of 100 meters and can be interpreted to rise equally sharply. Jut can be further decomposed into base-to-peak height and base-to-peak steepness, where jut equals base-to-peak height multiplied by the sine of base-to-peak steepness.

Definition

Jut

J=\max

is the maximum ''angle-reduced height'' (symbol ''H), which can be defined as the vector projection, in the line of sight, of the peak's height (or vertical separation), ''H'': :

H'=H, \sin,

where ''e'' is the summit's elevation angle. Height, angle-reduced height, and jut have unit of length (meter or feet). While height and angle-reduced height depend on the viewing location around the peak, jut is a constant value for a given peak. ''Base'' is the location where angle-reduced height is maximized.

References

{{reflist Topography Physical geography Geographical terminology in mountaineering Vertical extent