The 37th United States Congress was a meeting of the

legislative branch of the United States federal government The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is bicameral, composed of a lower body, the House of Representatives, and an upper body, the Senate. It meets in the U.S. Capitol in Wash ...

, consisting of the

United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and po ...

and the

United States House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives, often referred to as the House of Representatives, the U.S. House, or simply the House, is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, with the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they ...

. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1861, to March 4, 1863, during the first two years of

Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln ( ; February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American lawyer, politician, and statesman who served as the 16th president of the United States from 1861 until his assassination in 1865. Lincoln led the nation throu ...

presidency A presidency is an administration or the executive, the collective administrative and governmental entity that exists around an office of president of a state or nation. Although often the executive branch of government, and often personified by ...

.Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress (1774-2005)
found online a
Congress Profiles: 37th Congress (1861-1863)
viewed October 24, 2016. The apportionment of seats in the

House of Representatives House of Representatives is the name of legislative bodies in many countries and sub-national entitles. In many countries, the House of Representatives is the lower house of a bicameral legislature, with the corresponding upper house often c ...

was based on the Seventh Census of the United States in 1850. For the first time since the party's establishment, the Republicans won the majority of both chambers, and thus full control of Congress. And with

becoming the first Republican

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university * President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ...

after being sworn in on March 4, 1861, the Republicans had their first ever overall federal government trifecta.

Major events

* March 4, 1861: Republican pluralities are seated in Senate and House, becoming governing majorities in both Houses given vacancies among Southerners. Louisiana has 2 of 4 representatives remaining. Although represented in the Confederate Congress, Missouri and Kentucky remained with full delegations in the 37th Congress. * March 4, 1861: Abraham Lincoln is inaugurated President of the United States. * April 12–14, 1861:

Battle of Fort Sumter The Battle of Fort Sumter (April 12–13, 1861) was the bombardment of Fort Sumter near Charleston, South Carolina by the South Carolina militia. It ended with the surrender by the United States Army, beginning the American Civil War. Fol ...

, Civil War began. * April 19, 1861:

Union blockade The Union blockade in the American Civil War was a naval strategy by the United States to prevent the Confederacy from trading. The blockade was proclaimed by President Abraham Lincoln in April 1861, and required the monitoring of of Atlanti ...

of the South begins at Fort Monroe, Virginia. * April 27, 1861: President Lincoln suspends habeas corpus from Washington, D.C., to

Philadelphia Philadelphia, often called Philly, is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the sixth-largest city in the U.S., the second-largest city in both the Northeast megalopolis and Mid-Atlantic regions after New York City. Since ...

and called up 75,000 militia. * May 6, 1861: Arkansas Secession Convention enacted an

Ordinance of Secession An Ordinance of Secession was the name given to multiple resolutions drafted and ratified in 1860 and 1861, at or near the beginning of the Civil War, by which each seceding Southern state or territory formally declared secession from the United ...

.
Alt URL
/ref> * May 20, 1861: North Carolina Secession Convention enacted an

. * May 23, 1861: Virginia popular referendum ratified

. 5 of 12 U.S. Representatives remained. Two senators from the " Restored Government of Virginia" replaced the two who withdrew. * June 8, 1861: Tennessee popular referendum ratified

. 3 of 10 U.S. Representatives remain. One Senator,

Andrew Johnson Andrew Johnson (December 29, 1808July 31, 1875) was the 17th president of the United States, serving from 1865 to 1869. He assumed the presidency as he was vice president at the time of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. Johnson was a De ...

, remained. * July 21, 1861:

First Battle of Bull Run The First Battle of Bull Run (the name used by Union forces), also known as the Battle of First Manassas

Union approach to Richmond is repulsed. * September 17, 1862:

Battle of Antietam The Battle of Antietam (), or Battle of Sharpsburg particularly in the Southern United States, was a battle of the American Civil War fought on September 17, 1862, between Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia and Union ...

rebel invasion into Maryland is repulsed. * September 22, 1862:

Emancipation Proclamation The Emancipation Proclamation, officially Proclamation 95, was a presidential proclamation and executive order issued by United States President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, during the American Civil War, Civil War. The Proclamation c ...

ordered, to begin January 1, 1863. * November 1862: 1862 and 1863 United States House of Representatives elections and 1862 and 1863 United States Senate elections: Democrats gained 31 House seats to 31% and lost 5 Senate seats to 19%.

Two special sessions

The Senate, a continuing body, was called into special session by President Buchanan, meeting from March 4 to 28, 1861. The border states and Texas were still represented. Shortly after the Senate session adjourned, Fort Sumter was attacked. The immediate results were to draw four additional states "into the confederacy with their more Southern sisters", and Lincoln called Congress into extraordinary session on July 4, 1861. The Senate confirmed calling forth troops and raising money to suppress rebellion as authorized in the Constitution. Both Houses then duly met July 4, 1861. Seven states which would send representatives held their state elections for Representative over the months of May to June 1861. Members taking their seats had been elected before the secession crisis, during the formation of the Confederate government, and after Fort Sumter. Once assembled with a quorum in the House, Congress approved Lincoln's war powers innovations as necessary to preserve the Union. Following the July Federal defeat at First Manassas, the Crittenden Resolution asserted the reason for "the present deplorable civil war." It was meant as an address to the nation, especially to the Border States at a time of U.S. military reverses, when the war support in border state populations was virtually the only thing keeping them in the Union. Following resignations and expulsions occasioned by the outbreak of the Civil War, five states had some degree of dual representation in the U.S and the C.S. congresses. Congress accredited Members elected running in these five as Unionist (19), Democratic (6), Constitutional Unionist (1) and Republican (1). All ten Kentucky and all seven Missouri representatives were accepted. The other three states seated four of thirteen representatives from Virginia, three of ten Tennesseans, and two of four from Louisiana. The Crittenden Resolution declared the civil war "… has been forced upon the country by the disunionists of the southern States…" and it would be carried out for the supremacy of the Constitution and the preservation of the Union, and, that accomplished, "the war ought to cease". Democrats seized on this document, especially its assurances of no conquest or overthrowing domestic institutions (emancipation of slaves).

Slaves and slavery

Congressional policy and military strategy were intertwined. In the first regular March session, Republicans superseded the Crittenden Resolution, removing the prohibition against emancipation of slaves. In South Carolina, Gen.

David Hunter David Hunter (July 21, 1802 – February 2, 1886) was an American military officer. He served as a Union general during the American Civil War. He achieved notability for his unauthorized 1862 order (immediately rescinded) emancipating slaves ...

, issued a General Order in early May 1862 freeing all slaves in Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina. President Lincoln quickly rescinded the order, reserving this "supposed power" to his own discretion if it were indispensable to saving the Union. Later in the same month without directly disobeying Lincoln's prohibition against emancipation, General

Benjamin Butler Benjamin Franklin Butler (November 5, 1818 – January 11, 1893) was an American major general of the Union Army, politician, lawyer, and businessman from Massachusetts. Born in New Hampshire and raised in Lowell, Massachusetts, Butler is ...

Fort Monroe Fort Monroe, managed by partnership between the Fort Monroe Authority for the Commonwealth of Virginia, the National Park Service as the Fort Monroe National Monument, and the City of Hampton, is a former military installation in Hampton, Virgi ...

Virginia declared slaves escaped into his lines as "

contraband Contraband (from Medieval French ''contrebande'' "smuggling") refers to any item that, relating to its nature, is illegal to be possessed or sold. It is used for goods that by their nature are considered too dangerous or offensive in the eyes o ...

of war", that is, forfeit to their rebel owners. On May 24, Congress followed General Butler's lead, and passed the First Confiscation Act in August, freeing slaves used for rebellion.McPherson, p. 57-58 In Missouri,

John C. Frémont John Charles Frémont or Fremont (January 21, 1813July 13, 1890) was an American explorer, military officer, and politician. He was a U.S. Senator from California and was the first Republican nominee for president of the United States in 1856 ...

, the 1856 Republican nominee for president, exceeded his authority as a General, declaring that all slaves held by rebels within his military district would be freed. Republican majorities in Congress responded on opening day of the December Session. Sen.

Lyman Trumbull Lyman Trumbull (October 12, 1813 – June 25, 1896) was a lawyer, judge, and United States Senator from Illinois and the co-author of the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Born in Colchester, Connecticut, Trumbull es ...

introduced a bill for confiscation of rebel property and emancipation for their slaves. "Acrimonious debate on confiscation proved a major preoccupation" of Congress. On March 13, 1862, Congress directed the armies of the United States to stop enforcing the Fugitive Slave Act. The next month, the Congress abolished slavery in the District of Columbia with compensation for loyal citizens. An additional Confiscation Act in July declared free all slaves held by citizens in rebellion, but it had no practical effect without addressing where the act would take effect, or how ownership was to be proved. Lincoln's preliminary Emancipation Proclamation was issued September 22, 1862. It became the principal issue before the public in the mid-term elections that year for the 38th Congress. But Republican majorities in both houses held (see 'Congress as a campaign machine' below), and the Republicans actually increased their majority in the Senate. On January 1, 1863, the war measure by executive proclamation directed the army and the navy to treat all escaped slaves as free when entering Union lines from territory still in rebellion. The measure would take effect when the escaped slave entered Union lines and loyalty of the previous owner was irrelevant. Congress passed enabling legislation to carry out the Proclamation including "Freedman's Bureau" legislation. The practical effect was a massive internal evacuation of Confederate slave labor, and augmenting Union Army teamsters, railroad crews and infantry for the duration of the Civil War.

Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War

Congress assumed watchdog responsibilities with this and other investigating committees. The principle conflict between the president and congress was found in the Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War. Eight thick volumes of testimony were filled with investigations of Union defeats and contractor scandals. They were highly charged with partisan opinions "vehemently expressed" by chair Benjamin Wade of Ohio, Representative George Washington Julian of Indiana, and Zachariah Chandler of Michigan. Sen. Chandler, who had been one of McClellan's advocates promoting his spectacular rise, particularly documented criticism of McClellan's Peninsular Campaign with its circuitous maneuvering, endless entrenchment and murderous camp diseases. It led to support for his dismissal. A congressional committee could ruin a reputation, without itself having any military expertise. It would create the modern Congressional era in which generals fought wars with Congress looking over their shoulders, "and with public opinion following closely behind."

Republican Platform goals

Republican majorities in both houses, apart from pro-union Democrats, and without vacant southern delegations, were able to enact their party platform. These included the

Legal Tender Act Legal tender is a form of money that courts of law are required to recognize as satisfactory payment for any monetary debt. Each jurisdiction determines what is legal tender, but essentially it is anything which when offered ("tendered") in ...

, February 20, 1862, and increases in the tariff that amounted to protective tariffs. The Homestead Act, May 20, 1862, for government lands, and the Morrill Land Grant Act, July 2, 1862, for universities promoting practical arts in agriculture and mining, had no immediate war purpose. But they would have long range effects, as would the Pacific Railroad Act, July 1, 1862, for a transcontinental railroad. Treasury innovations were driven by Secretary

Salmon P. Chase Salmon Portland Chase (January 13, 1808May 7, 1873) was an American politician and jurist who served as the sixth chief justice of the United States. He also served as the 23rd governor of Ohio, represented Ohio in the United States Senate, a ...

and necessity of war. The Income Tax of 1861, numerous taxes on consumer goods such as whiskey, and a national currency all began in Civil War Congresses.

Congress as election machinery

Member's floor speeches were not meant to be persuasive, but for publication in partisan newspapers. The real audience was the constituents back home. Congressional caucuses organized and funded political campaigns, publishing pamphlet versions of speeches and circulating them by the thousands free of postage on the member's franking privilege. Party congressional committees stayed in Washington during national campaigns, keeping an open flow of subsidized literature pouring back into the home districts. Nevertheless, like other Congresses in the 1850s and 1860s, this Congress would see less than half of its membership reelected. The characteristic turmoil found in the "3rd Party Period, 1855-1896" stirred political party realignment in the North even in the midst of civil war. In this Congress, failure to gain nomination and loss at the general election together accounted for a Membership turnover of 25%.

Major legislation

* August 5, 1861: Revenue Act of 1861, Sess. 1, ch. 45, * August 6, 1861: Confiscation Act of 1861, Sess. 1, ch. 60, * February 19, 1862:

Anti-Coolie Act On February 19, 1862, the 37th United States Congress passed ''An Act to Prohibit the "Coolie Trade" by American Citizens in American Vessels.'' The act, which would be called the ''Anti-Coolie Act of 1862'' in short, was passed by the California ...

, Sess. 1, ch. 24, 27, * February 25, 1862:

Legal Tender Act of 1862 The ''Legal Tender Cases'' were two 1871 United States Supreme Court cases that affirmed the constitutionality of paper money. The two cases were '' Knox v. Lee'' and '' Parker v. Davis''. The U.S. federal government had issued paper money known ...

, Sess. 2, ch. 33, * April 16, 1862:

District of Columbia Compensated Emancipation Act An Act for the Release of certain Persons held to Service or Labor in the District of Columbia, 37th Cong., Sess. 2, ch. 54, , known colloquially as the District of Columbia Compensated Emancipation Act or simply Compensated Emancipation Act, ...

, Sess. 2, ch. 54, * May 15, 1862: An Act to Establish a Department of Agriculture, Sess. 2, ch. 72, * May 20, 1862:

Homestead Act The Homestead Acts were several laws in the United States by which an applicant could acquire ownership of government land or the public domain, typically called a homestead. In all, more than of public land, or nearly 10 percent of t ...

, Sess. 2, ch. 75, * June 19, 1862: An Act to secure Freedom to all persons within the Territories of the United States, Sess. 2, ch 111, * July 1, 1862: Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act, Sess. 2, ch. 126, * July 1, 1862: Revenue Act of 1862, Sess. 2, ch. 119, * July 1, 1862: Pacific Railway Act, Sess. 2, ch. 120, * July 2, 1862: Morrill Land Grant Colleges Act, Sess. 2, ch. 130, * July 17, 1862:

Militia Act of 1862 The Militia Act of 1862 (, enacted July 17, 1862) was an Act of the 37th United States Congress, during the American Civil War, that authorized a militia draft within a state when the state could not meet its quota with volunteers. The Act, fo ...

, Sess. 2, ch. 201, * February 25, 1863:

National Bank Act The National Banking Acts of 1863 and 1864 were two United States federal banking acts that established a system of national banks, and created the United States National Banking System. They encouraged development of a national currency backed by ...

, Sess. 3, ch 58, * March 2, 1863:

False Claims Act The False Claims Act (FCA), also called the "Lincoln Law", is an American federal law that imposes liability on persons and companies (typically federal contractors) who defraud governmental programs. It is the federal government's primary litigat ...

, Sess. 3, ch. 67, * March 3, 1863:

Enrollment Act The Enrollment Act of 1863 (, enacted March 3, 1863) also known as the Civil War Military Draft Act, was an Act passed by the United States Congress during the American Civil War to provide fresh manpower for the Union Army. The Act was the firs ...

, Sess. 3, ch. 75, * March 3, 1863: Habeas Corpus Suspension Act, Sess. 3, ch. 81, * March 3, 1863: Tenth Circuit Act,

States admitted and territories organized

States admitted

* December 31, 1862:

West Virginia West Virginia is a state in the Appalachian, Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States.The Census Bureau and the Association of American Geographers classify West Virginia as part of the Southern United States while the ...

admitted, Sess. 3, ch. 6, , pending a presidential proclamation. (It became a state on June 20, 1863)

Territories organized

* July 14, 1862:

Nevada Nevada ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, Western region of the United States. It is bordered by Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. N ...

–

Utah Utah ( , ) is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. Utah is a landlocked U.S. state bordered to its east by Colorado, to its northeast by Wyoming, to its north by Idaho, to its south by Arizona, and to its ...

boundary line moved to the east, enlarging Nevada and reducing Utah in size, Sess. 2, ch. 12, * February 24, 1863:

Arizona Territory The Territory of Arizona (also known as Arizona Territory) was a territory of the United States that existed from February 24, 1863, until February 14, 1912, when the remaining extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the state o ...

organized, Sess. 3, ch. 56, * March 3, 1863:

Idaho Territory The Territory of Idaho was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 3, 1863, until July 3, 1890, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as Idaho. History 1860s The territory ...

organized, Sess. 3, ch. 117,

States in rebellion

Congress did not accept

secession Secession is the withdrawal of a group from a larger entity, especially a political entity, but also from any organization, union or military alliance. Some of the most famous and significant secessions have been: the former Soviet republics l ...

. Most of the Representatives and Senators from states that attempted to secede left Congress; those who took part in the rebellion were expelled. * Secessions declared during previous Congress: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas. **

Louisiana Louisiana , group=pronunciation (French: ''La Louisiane'') is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It is the 20th-smallest by area and the 25th most populous of the 50 U.S. states. Louisiana is bord ...

Congressional Districts LA 1 and 2, two of its four representatives remained seated in the 37th Congress. * Secessions declared during this Congress: ** April 17, 1861:

Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth are ...

(The pro-Union Restored Government of Virginia's two senators were seated, along with duly elected Representatives for VA 1, 7, 10, 11 and 12, five of its 13 representatives in the House.) ** May 6, 1861:

Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the South Central United States. It is bordered by Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, and Texas and Oklahoma to the west. Its name is from the O ...

** May 20, 1861:

North Carolina North Carolina () is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 28th largest and List of states and territories of the United ...

** June 8, 1861:

Tennessee Tennessee ( , ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. Tennessee is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 36th-largest by ...

(Sen.

and three of the ten duly elected members of the House did not recognize secession and retained their seats in TN 2, 3 and 4.) Although secessionist factions passed resolutions of secession in

Missouri Missouri is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking 21st in land area, it is bordered by eight states (tied for the most with Tennessee): Iowa to the north, Illinois, Kentucky and Tennessee to the east, Arkansas t ...

October 31, 1861, and in

Kentucky Kentucky ( , ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States and one of the states of the Upper South. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north; West Virginia and Virginia ...

November 20, 1861, their state delegations in the U.S. Congress remained in place, seven from Missouri and ten from Kentucky. Exile state governments resided with Confederate armies out-of-state, army-elected congressional representatives served as a solid pro-Jefferson Davis administration voting bloc in the Confederate Congress.

Party summary

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

Hannibal Hamlin Hannibal Hamlin (August 27, 1809 – July 4, 1891) was an American attorney and politician who served as the 15th vice president of the United States from 1861 to 1865, during President Abraham Lincoln's first term. He was the first Republic ...

(R) *

President pro tempore A president pro tempore or speaker pro tempore is a constitutionally recognized officer of a legislative body who presides over the chamber in the absence of the normal presiding officer. The phrase '' pro tempore'' is Latin "for the time being". ...

Solomon Foot Solomon Foot (November 19, 1802March 28, 1866) was an American politician and attorney. He held numerous offices during his career, including Speaker of the Vermont House of Representatives, State's Attorney for Rutland County, member of the Un ...

(R) * Republican Conference Chairman: John P. Hale

House of Representatives

Speaker Speaker may refer to: Society and politics * Speaker (politics), the presiding officer in a legislative assembly * Public speaker, one who gives a speech or lecture * A person producing speech: the producer of a given utterance, especially: ** In ...

: Galusha A. Grow (R)

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives by district. :'' Skip to House of Representatives, below''

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1862; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1864; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1866.

Alabama (We dare defend our rights) , anthem = " Alabama" , image_map = Alabama in United States.svg , seat = Montgomery , LargestCity = Huntsville , LargestCounty = Baldwin County , LargestMetro = Greater Birmingham , area_total_km2 = 135,7 ...

: 2. Vacant : 3. Vacant

Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the South Central United States. It is bordered by Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, and Texas and Oklahoma to the west. Its name is from the O ...

: 2. William K. Sebastian (D), until July 11, 1861, vacant thereafter : 3. Charles B. Mitchel (D), until July 11, 1861, vacant thereafter

California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the m ...

: 1. Milton S. Latham (D) : 3. James A. McDougall (D)

Connecticut Connecticut () is the southernmost state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York (state), New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the ...

: 1.

James Dixon James Dixon (August 5, 1814 – March 27, 1873) was a United States representative and Senator from Connecticut. Biography Dixon, son of William & Mary (Field) Dixon, was born August 5, 1814 in Enfield, Connecticut, Dixon pursued preparat ...

(R) : 3. Lafayette S. Foster (R)

Delaware Delaware ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Maryland to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and New Jersey and the Atlantic Ocean to its east. The state takes its name from the adjacent ...

: 1. James A. Bayard Jr. (D) : 2. Willard Saulsbury Sr. (D)

Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and ...

: 1. Vacant : 3. Vacant

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States Georgia may also refer to: Places Historical states and entities * Related to the ...

: 2. Vacant : 3. Vacant

Illinois Illinois ( ) is a state in the Midwestern United States. Its largest metropolitan areas include the Chicago metropolitan area, and the Metro East section, of Greater St. Louis. Other smaller metropolitan areas include, Peoria and Rock ...

: 2. Stephen A. Douglas (D), until June 3, 1861 ::

Orville H. Browning Orville Hickman Browning (February 10, 1806 – August 10, 1881) was an attorney in Illinois and a politician who was active in the Whig and Republican Parties. He is notable for his service as a U.S. Senator and the United States Secret ...

(R), June 26, 1861 – January 12, 1863 ::

William A. Richardson William Anthony Richardson (August 27, 1795 – April 20, 1856) was an early California entrepreneur, influential in the development of Yerba Buena, the forerunner of the city of San Francisco. Richardson was the first to receive a land gran ...

(D), from January 12, 1863 : 3.

(R)

Indiana Indiana () is a U.S. state in the Midwestern United States. It is the 38th-largest by area and the 17th-most populous of the 50 States. Its capital and largest city is Indianapolis. Indiana was admitted to the United States as the 19th ...

: 1. Jesse D. Bright (D), until February 5, 1862 :: Joseph A. Wright (U), February 24, 1862 – January 14, 1863 :: David Turpie (D), from January 14, 1863 : 3.

Henry S. Lane Henry Smith Lane (February 24, 1811 – June 19, 1881) was a United States representative, Senator, and the 13th Governor of Indiana; he was by design the shortest-serving Governor of Indiana, having made plans to resign the office should his ...

(R)

Iowa Iowa () is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States, bordered by the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri River and Big Sioux River to the west. It is bordered by six states: Wiscon ...

: 2.

James W. Grimes James Wilson Grimes (October 20, 1816 – February 7, 1872) was an American politician, serving as the third Governor of Iowa and a United States Senator from Iowa. Biography Born in Deering, New Hampshire, Grimes graduated from Hampton Acad ...

(R) : 3. James Harlan (R)

Kansas Kansas () is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. Its Capital city, capital is Topeka, Kansas, Topeka, and its largest city is Wichita, Kansas, Wichita. Kansas is a landlocked state bordered by Nebras ...

: 2. James H. Lane (R), from April 4, 1861 : 3.

Samuel C. Pomeroy Samuel Clarke Pomeroy (January 3, 1816 – August 27, 1891) was a United States senator from Kansas in the mid-19th century. He served in the United States Senate during the American Civil War. Pomeroy also served in the Massachusetts House of ...

(R), from April 4, 1861

Kentucky Kentucky ( , ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States and one of the states of the Upper South. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north; West Virginia and Virginia ...

: 2.

Lazarus W. Powell Lazarus Whitehead Powell (October 6, 1812 – July 3, 1867) was the 19th Governor of Kentucky, serving from 1851 to 1855. He was later elected to represent Kentucky in the U.S. Senate from 1859 to 1865. The reforms enacted during Powell's term ...

(D) : 3. John C. Breckinridge (D), until December 4, 1861 :: Garrett Davis (U), from December 23, 1861

Louisiana Louisiana , group=pronunciation (French: ''La Louisiane'') is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It is the 20th-smallest by area and the 25th most populous of the 50 U.S. states. Louisiana is bord ...

: 2. Vacant : 3. Vacant

Maine Maine () is a state in the New England and Northeastern regions of the United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Quebec to the northeast and nor ...

: 1. Lot M. Morrill (R) : 2.

William P. Fessenden William Pitt Fessenden (October 16, 1806September 8, 1869) was an American politician from the U.S. state of Maine. Fessenden was a Whig (later a Republican) and member of the Fessenden political family. He served in the United States House ...

(R)

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It shares borders with Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware and the Atlantic Ocean t ...

: 1.

Anthony Kennedy Anthony McLeod Kennedy (born July 23, 1936) is an American lawyer and jurist who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1988 until his retirement in 2018. He was nominated to the court in 1987 by Presid ...

(U) : 3. James Pearce (D), until December 20, 1862 :: Thomas H. Hicks (U), from December 29, 1862

Massachusetts Massachusetts (Massachusett: ''Muhsachuweesut Massachusett_writing_systems.html" ;"title="nowiki/> məhswatʃəwiːsət.html" ;"title="Massachusett writing systems">məhswatʃəwiːsət">Massachusett writing systems">məhswatʃəwiːsət'' En ...

: 1.

Charles Sumner Charles Sumner (January 6, 1811March 11, 1874) was an American statesman and United States Senator from Massachusetts. As an academic lawyer and a powerful orator, Sumner was the leader of the anti-slavery forces in the state and a leader of th ...

(R) : 2.

Henry Wilson Henry Wilson (born Jeremiah Jones Colbath; February 16, 1812 – November 22, 1875) was an American politician who was the 18th vice president of the United States from 1873 until his death in 1875 and a senator from Massachusetts from 1855 ...

(R)

Michigan Michigan () is a state in the Great Lakes region of the upper Midwestern United States. With a population of nearly 10.12 million and an area of nearly , Michigan is the 10th-largest state by population, the 11th-largest by area, and t ...

: 1.

Zachariah Chandler Zachariah Chandler (December 10, 1813 – November 1, 1879) was an American businessman, politician, one of the founders of the Republican Party, whose radical wing he dominated as a lifelong abolitionist. He was mayor of Detroit, a four-term sen ...

(R) : 2.

Kinsley S. Bingham Kinsley Scott Bingham (December 16, 1808October 5, 1861) was a U.S. Representative, a U.S. Senator, and the 11th governor of Michigan. Early life in New York Bingham (whose first name is sometimes spelled ''Kingsley'') was born to the farmer fa ...

(R), until October 5, 1861 ::

Jacob M. Howard Jacob Merritt Howard (July 10, 1805 – April 2, 1871) was an American attorney and politician. He was most notable for his service as a U.S. Representative and U.S. Senator from the state of Michigan, and his political career spanned the Amer ...

(R), from January 17, 1862

Minnesota Minnesota () is a state in the upper midwestern region of the United States. It is the 12th largest U.S. state in area and the 22nd most populous, with over 5.75 million residents. Minnesota is home to western prairies, now given over t ...

: 1. Henry M. Rice (D) : 2. Morton S. Wilkinson (R)

Mississippi Mississippi () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States, bordered to the north by Tennessee; to the east by Alabama; to the south by the Gulf of Mexico; to the southwest by Louisiana; and to the northwest by Arkansas. Miss ...

: 1. Vacant : 2. Vacant

Missouri Missouri is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking 21st in land area, it is bordered by eight states (tied for the most with Tennessee): Iowa to the north, Illinois, Kentucky and Tennessee to the east, Arkansas t ...

: 1.

Trusten Polk Trusten W. Polk (May 29, 1811April 16, 1876) served as the 12th Governor of Missouri in 1857 and U.S. Senator from 1857 to 1862. Biography Polk was born in Bridgeville, Delaware. A Democrat, he was elected Governor of Missouri in 1856 and ser ...

(D), until January 10, 1862 :: John B. Henderson (U), from January 17, 1862 : 3. Waldo P. Johnson (D), March 17, 1861 – January 10, 1862 :: Robert Wilson (U), from January 17, 1862

New Hampshire New Hampshire is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec t ...

: 2. John P. Hale (R) : 3. Daniel Clark (R)

New Jersey New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delawa ...

: 1. John R. Thomson (D), until September 12, 1862 :: Richard S. Field (R), November 21, 1862 – January 14, 1863 :: James W. Wall (D), from January 14, 1863 : 2. John C. Ten Eyck (R)

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * '' ...

: 1. Preston King (R) : 3.

Ira Harris Ira Harris (May 31, 1802December 2, 1875) was an American jurist and senator from New York. He was also a friend of Abraham Lincoln. Life Ira Harris was born in Charleston, New York on May 31, 1802. He grew up on a farm, and graduated from Unio ...

(R)

North Carolina North Carolina () is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 28th largest and List of states and territories of the United ...

: 2. Thomas Bragg (D), until March 6, 1861, vacant thereafter : 3. Thomas L. Clingman (D), until March 28, 1861, vacant thereafter

Ohio Ohio () is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Of the List of states and territories of the United States, fifty U.S. states, it is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 34th-l ...

: 1. Benjamin F. Wade (R) : 3.

(R), until March 7, 1861 ::

John Sherman John Sherman (May 10, 1823October 22, 1900) was an American politician from Ohio throughout the Civil War and into the late nineteenth century. A member of the Republican Party, he served in both houses of the U.S. Congress. He also served as ...

(R), from March 21, 1861

Oregon Oregon () is a U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. The Columbia River delineates much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington (state), Washington, while the Snake River delineates much of it ...

: 2.

Edward D. Baker Edward Dickinson Baker (February 24, 1811October 21, 1861) was an American politician, lawyer, and US army officer. In his political career, Baker served in the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois and later as a U.S. Senator from Orego ...

(R), until October 21, 1861 ::

Benjamin Stark Benjamin Stark (June 26, 1820October 10, 1898) was an American merchant and politician in Oregon. A native of Louisiana, he purchased some of the original tracts of land for the city of Portland. He later served in the Oregon House of Representat ...

(D), October 29, 1861 – September 12, 1862 :: Benjamin F. Harding (D), from September 12, 1862 : 3. James W. Nesmith (D)

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, ...

: 1. Simon Cameron (R), until March 4, 1861 ::

David Wilmot David Wilmot (January 20, 1814 – March 16, 1868) was an American politician and judge. He served as Representative and a Senator for Pennsylvania and as a judge of the Court of Claims. He is best known for being the prime sponsor and ep ...

(R), from March 14, 1861 : 3.

Edgar Cowan Edgar Cowan (September 19, 1815August 31, 1885) was an American lawyer and Republican politician from Greensburg, Pennsylvania. He represented Pennsylvania in the United States Senate during the American Civil War. A native of Sewickley Towns ...

(R)

Rhode Island Rhode Island (, like ''road'') is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It is the List of U.S. states by area, smallest U.S. state by area and the List of states and territories of the United States ...

: 1.

James F. Simmons James Fowler Simmons (September 10, 1795July 10, 1864) was a businessman and politician from Rhode Island who twice served as a United States senator, first as a Whig and then as a Republican. He is notable for having the Senate consider expel ...

(R), until August 15, 1862 ::

Samuel G. Arnold Samuel Greene Arnold Jr. (April 12, 1821February 14, 1880) was an attorney and politician from Rhode Island. A Republican, he was most notable for his service as lieutenant governor and as a United States senator. Early life Born in Providence ...

(R), from December 1, 1862 : 2.

Henry B. Anthony Henry Bowen Anthony (April 1, 1815 – September 2, 1884) was a United States newspaperman and political figure. He served as editor and was later part owner of the ''Providence Journal''. He was the 21st Governor of Rhode Island, serving betwee ...

(R)

South Carolina )''Animis opibusque parati'' ( for, , Latin, Prepared in mind and resources, links=no) , anthem = " Carolina";" South Carolina On My Mind" , Former = Province of South Carolina , seat = Columbia , LargestCity = Charleston , LargestMetro = ...

: 2. Vacant : 3. Vacant

Tennessee Tennessee ( , ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. Tennessee is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 36th-largest by ...

: 1.

(D), until March 4, 1862, vacant thereafter : 2. Vacant

Texas Texas (, ; Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2020, it is the second-largest U.S. state by ...

: 1. Louis T. Wigfall (D), until March 23, 1861, vacant thereafter : 2. John Hemphill (D), until July 11, 1861, vacant thereafter

Vermont Vermont () is a U.S. state, state in the northeast New England region of the United States. Vermont is bordered by the states of Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, and New York (state), New York to the west, and the Provin ...

: 1.

(R) : 3. Jacob Collamer (R)

Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth are ...

: 1. James M. Mason (D), until March 28, 1861 ::

Waitman T. Willey Waitman Thomas Willey (October 18, 1811May 2, 1900) was an American lawyer and politician from Morgantown, West Virginia. One of the founders of the state of West Virginia during the American Civil War, he served in the United States Senate ...

(U), from July 9, 1861 : 2. Robert M. T. Hunter (D), until March 28, 1861 :: John S. Carlile (U), from July 9, 1861

Wisconsin Wisconsin () is a state in the upper Midwestern United States. Wisconsin is the 25th-largest state by total area and the 20th-most populous. It is bordered by Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake M ...

: 1.

James R. Doolittle James Rood Doolittle (January 3, 1815July 27, 1897) was an American politician who served as a U.S. Senator from Wisconsin from March 4, 1857, to March 4, 1869. He was a strong supporter of President Abraham Lincoln's administration during the ...

(R) : 3.

Timothy O. Howe Timothy Otis Howe (February 24, 1816March 25, 1883) was a member of the United States Senate for three terms, representing the state of Wisconsin from March 4, 1861, to March 3, 1879. He also served as U.S. Postmaster General under President Che ...

(R)

House of Representatives

Members of the House of Representatives are listed by their districts.

Alabama (We dare defend our rights) , anthem = " Alabama" , image_map = Alabama in United States.svg , seat = Montgomery , LargestCity = Huntsville , LargestCounty = Baldwin County , LargestMetro = Greater Birmingham , area_total_km2 = 135,7 ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant

Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the South Central United States. It is bordered by Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, and Texas and Oklahoma to the west. Its name is from the O ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant

California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the m ...

All representatives were elected statewide on a

general ticket The general ticket, also known as party block voting (PBV) or ticket voting, is a type of block voting in which voters opt for a party, or a team's set list of candidates, and the highest-polling party/team becomes the winner. Unless specifically ...

. : . Frederick F. Low (R), from June 3, 1862 : . Timothy G. Phelps (R) : .

Aaron A. Sargent Aaron Augustus Sargent (September 28, 1827 – August 14, 1887) was an American journalist, lawyer, politician and diplomat. In 1878, Sargent historically introduced what would later become the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, giv ...

(R)

Connecticut Connecticut () is the southernmost state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York (state), New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the ...

: . Dwight Loomis (R) : . James E. English (D) : . Alfred A. Burnham (R) : . George C. Woodruff (D)

Delaware Delaware ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Maryland to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and New Jersey and the Atlantic Ocean to its east. The state takes its name from the adjacent ...

: . George P. Fisher (U)

Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and ...

: . Vacant

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States Georgia may also refer to: Places Historical states and entities * Related to the ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant

Illinois Illinois ( ) is a state in the Midwestern United States. Its largest metropolitan areas include the Chicago metropolitan area, and the Metro East section, of Greater St. Louis. Other smaller metropolitan areas include, Peoria and Rock ...

: .

Elihu B. Washburne Elihu Benjamin Washburne (September 23, 1816 – October 22, 1887) was an American politician and diplomat. A member of the Washburn family, which played a prominent role in the early formation of the United States Republican Party, he served a ...

(R) : . Isaac N. Arnold (R) : .

Owen Lovejoy Owen Lovejoy (January 6, 1811 – March 25, 1864) was an American lawyer, Congregational minister, abolitionist, and Republican congressman from Illinois. He was also a "conductor" on the Underground Railroad. After his brother Elijah Lo ...

(R) : . William Kellogg (R) : .

(D), until January 29, 1863, vacant thereafter : .

John A. McClernand John Alexander McClernand (May 30, 1812 – September 20, 1900) was an American lawyer and politician, and a Union Army general in the American Civil War. He was a prominent Democratic politician in Illinois and a member of the United States H ...

(D), until October 28, 1861 :: Anthony L. Knapp (D), from December 12, 1861 : . James C. Robinson (D) : . Philip B. Fouke (D) : . John A. Logan (D), until April 2, 1862 :: William J. Allen (D), from June 2, 1862

Indiana Indiana () is a U.S. state in the Midwestern United States. It is the 38th-largest by area and the 17th-most populous of the 50 States. Its capital and largest city is Indianapolis. Indiana was admitted to the United States as the 19th ...

: .

John Law John Law may refer to: Arts and entertainment * John Law (artist) (born 1958), American artist * John Law (comics), comic-book character created by Will Eisner * John Law (film director), Hong Kong film director * John Law (musician) (born 1961) ...

(D) : . James A. Cravens (D) : . William McKee Dunn (R) : .

William S. Holman William Steele Holman (September 6, 1822 – April 22, 1897) was a lawyer, judge and politician from Dearborn County, Indiana. He was a member of the Democratic Party who served as a U.S. Representative from 1859 to 1865, 1867 to 1877, 1881 ...

(D) : . George W. Julian (R) : . Albert G. Porter (R) : .

Daniel W. Voorhees Daniel Wolsey Voorhees (September 26, 1827April 10, 1897) was an American lawyer and politician who served as a United States Senator from Indiana from 1877 to 1897. He was the leader of the Democratic Party and an anti-war Copperhead during th ...

(D) : . Albert S. White (R) : .

Schuyler Colfax Schuyler Colfax Jr. (; March 23, 1823 – January 13, 1885) was an American journalist, businessman, and politician who served as the 17th vice president of the United States from 1869 to 1873, and prior to that as the 25th speaker of the Hous ...

(R) : .

William Mitchell William Mitchell may refer to: People Media and the arts * William Mitchell (sculptor) (1925–2020), English sculptor and muralist * William Frederick Mitchell (1845–1914), British naval artist * William M. Mitchell, American writer, minister ...

(R) : . John P. C. Shanks (R)

Iowa Iowa () is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States, bordered by the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri River and Big Sioux River to the west. It is bordered by six states: Wiscon ...

: . Samuel Curtis (R), until August 4, 1861 ::

James F. Wilson James Falconer "Jefferson Jim" Wilson (October 19, 1828April 22, 1895) was an American lawyer and politician. He served as a Republican U.S. Congressman from Iowa's 1st congressional district during the American Civil War, and later as a two- ...

(R), from October 8, 1861 : .

William Vandever William Vandever (March 31, 1817 – July 23, 1893) was a United States representative from Iowa and later from California, and a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Biography Early life Vandever was born in Baltim ...

(R)

Kansas Kansas () is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. Its Capital city, capital is Topeka, Kansas, Topeka, and its largest city is Wichita, Kansas, Wichita. Kansas is a landlocked state bordered by Nebras ...

: . Martin F. Conway (R)

Kentucky Kentucky ( , ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States and one of the states of the Upper South. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north; West Virginia and Virginia ...

: . Henry C. Burnett (D), until December 3, 1861 :: Samuel L. Casey (U), from March 10, 1862 : . James S. Jackson (U), until December 13, 1861 :: George H. Yeaman (U), from December 1, 1862 : .

Henry Grider Henry Grider (July 16, 1796 – September 7, 1866) was a United States representative from Kentucky. He was born in Garrard County, Kentucky. He pursued an academic course, studied law, and was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Bowlin ...

(U) : . Aaron Harding (U) : .

Charles A. Wickliffe Charles Anderson Wickliffe (June 8, 1788 – October 31, 1869) was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky. He also served as Speaker of the Kentucky House of Representatives, the 14th Governor of Kentucky, and was appointed Postmaster General by Pr ...

(U) : . George W. Dunlap (U) : .

Robert Mallory Robert Mallory (November 15, 1815 – August 11, 1885) was a nineteenth-century American politician and lawyer from Kentucky. Born in Madison Court House, Virginia, Mallory attended private schools and graduated from the University of Virg ...

(U) : .

John J. Crittenden John Jordan Crittenden (September 10, 1787 July 26, 1863) was an American statesman and politician from the U.S. state of Kentucky. He represented the state in the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate and twice served as Unite ...

(U) : .

William H. Wadsworth William Henry Wadsworth (July 4, 1821 – April 2, 1893) was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky. Born in Maysville, Kentucky, Wadsworth attended town and county private schools. He studied law and graduated from Augusta College, Bracken Coun ...

(U) : . John W. Menzies (U)

Louisiana Louisiana , group=pronunciation (French: ''La Louisiane'') is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It is the 20th-smallest by area and the 25th most populous of the 50 U.S. states. Louisiana is bord ...

: . Benjamin F. Flanders (U), from December 3, 1862 : . Michael Hahn (U), from December 3, 1862 : . Vacant : . Vacant

Maine Maine () is a state in the New England and Northeastern regions of the United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Quebec to the northeast and nor ...

: . John N. Goodwin (R) : . Charles W. Walton (R), until May 26, 1862 :: Thomas A. D. Fessenden (R), from December 1, 1862 : .

Samuel C. Fessenden Samuel Clement Fessenden (March 7, 1815 – April 18, 1882) was an American abolitionist and United States Congressman from Maine. __NOTOC__ Early life and education Born in New Gloucester, Massachusetts (now in Maine), Samuel Fessenden gra ...

(R) : .

Anson P. Morrill Anson Peaslee Morrill (June 10, 1803 – July 4, 1887) was an American politician who served as the 24th governor of Maine from 1855 to 1856 and later as the U.S. representative from Maine's 4th congressional district from 1861 to 1863. ...

(R) : . John H. Rice (R) : . Frederick A. Pike (R)

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It shares borders with Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware and the Atlantic Ocean t ...

: . John W. Crisfield (U) : . Edwin H. Webster (U) : . Cornelius L. L. Leary (U) : .

Henry May Henry May may refer to: * Henry May (American politician) (1816–1866), U.S. Representative from Maryland * Henry May (New Zealand politician) (1912–1995), New Zealand politician * Henry May (VC) (1885–1941), Scottish recipient of the Victoria ...

(U) : .

Francis Thomas Francis Thomas (February 3, 1799 – January 22, 1876) was an American politician who served as the 26th Governor of Maryland from 1842 to 1845. He also served as a United States Representative from Maryland, representing at separate times th ...

(U) : . Charles B. Calvert (U)

Massachusetts Massachusetts (Massachusett: ''Muhsachuweesut Massachusett_writing_systems.html" ;"title="nowiki/> məhswatʃəwiːsət.html" ;"title="Massachusett writing systems">məhswatʃəwiːsət">Massachusett writing systems">məhswatʃəwiːsət'' En ...

: .

Thomas D. Eliot Thomas Dawes Eliot (March 20, 1808 – June 14, 1870), was a Senator and Congressman of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts, and a member of the prominent Eliot family. Life and career Eliot was born on March 20, 18 ...

(R) : . James Buffington (R) : . Charles F. Adams Sr. (R), until May 1, 1861 :: Benjamin Thomas (U), from June 11, 1861 : .

Alexander H. Rice Alexander Hamilton Rice (August 30, 1818 – July 22, 1895) was an American politician and businessman from Massachusetts. He served as Mayor of Boston from 1856 to 1857, a U.S. Congressman during the American Civil War, and as the 30th ...

(R) : . William Appleton (CU), until September 27, 1861 :: Samuel Hooper (R), from December 2, 1861 : .

John B. Alley John Bassett Alley (January 7, 1817 – January 19, 1896) was a businessman and politician who served as a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts. Early life John Alley was born on January 7, 1817, in Lynn, Massachusetts. He attended the comm ...

(R) : .

Daniel W. Gooch Daniel Wheelwright Gooch (January 8, 1820 – November 1, 1891) was a United States representative from Massachusetts. Early life and education Gooch, the son of John and Olive ( Winn) Gooch, was born in Wells in Massachusetts' District ...

(R) : .

Charles R. Train Charles Russell Train (October 18, 1817 – July 28, 1885) was a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts. Biography Born in Framingham, Massachusetts, Train attended the common schools, Framingham Academy, and was graduated from Brown Universi ...

(R) : . Goldsmith F. Bailey (R), until May 8, 1862 ::

Amasa Walker Amasa Walker (May 4, 1799 – October 29, 1875) was an American economist and United States Representative. He was the father of Francis Amasa Walker. Biography He moved with his parents to North Brookfield, Massachusetts, and attended the dis ...

(R), from December 1, 1862 : . Charles Delano (R) : .

Henry L. Dawes Henry Laurens Dawes (October 30, 1816February 5, 1903) was an attorney and politician, a Republican United States Senator and United States Representative from Massachusetts. He is notable for the Dawes Act (1887), which was intended to stimul ...

(R)

Michigan Michigan () is a state in the Great Lakes region of the upper Midwestern United States. With a population of nearly 10.12 million and an area of nearly , Michigan is the 10th-largest state by population, the 11th-largest by area, and t ...

: . Bradley F. Granger (R) : . Fernando C. Beaman (R) : . Francis W. Kellogg (R) : .

Rowland E. Trowbridge Rowland Ebenezer Trowbridge (June 18, 1821 – April 20, 1881) was a farmer and politician from Michigan. A United States congressman from Michigan's 4th congressional district from 1861 to 1863 and again from 1865 to 1869, he worked on agricultur ...

(R)

Minnesota Minnesota () is a state in the upper midwestern region of the United States. It is the 12th largest U.S. state in area and the 22nd most populous, with over 5.75 million residents. Minnesota is home to western prairies, now given over t ...

Both representatives were elected statewide on a

. : .

Cyrus Aldrich Cyrus Aldrich (June 18, 1808 – October 5, 1871) was a U.S. Representative from Minnesota. Aldrich was born in Smithfield, Rhode Island, June 18, 1808. He followed the occupations of sailor, boatman, farmer, contractor on public works, an ...

(R) : . William Windom (R)

Mississippi Mississippi () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States, bordered to the north by Tennessee; to the east by Alabama; to the south by the Gulf of Mexico; to the southwest by Louisiana; and to the northwest by Arkansas. Miss ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant

Missouri Missouri is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking 21st in land area, it is bordered by eight states (tied for the most with Tennessee): Iowa to the north, Illinois, Kentucky and Tennessee to the east, Arkansas t ...

: . Francis P. Blair Jr. (R) : . James S. Rollins (CU) : .

John B. Clark John Bates Clark (January 26, 1847 – March 21, 1938) was an American neoclassical economist. He was one of the pioneers of the marginalist revolution and opponent to the Institutionalist school of economics, and spent most of his career as ...

(D), until July 13, 1861 :: William A. Hall (D), from January 20, 1862 : . Elijah H. Norton (D) : . John W. Reid (D), until August 3, 1861 :: Thomas L. Price (D), from January 21, 1862 : .

John S. Phelps John Smith Phelps (December 22, 1814November 20, 1886) was a politician and soldier during the American Civil War, and the 23rd Governor of Missouri. Early life and career John Smith Phelps, the son of Elisha Phelps, was born in Simsbury, Ha ...

(D) : . John W. Noell (D)

New Hampshire New Hampshire is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec t ...

: . Gilman Marston (R) : . Edward H. Rollins (R) : .

Thomas M. Edwards Thomas McKey Edwards (December 16, 1795 – May 1, 1875) was an American politician and a United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative from New Hampshire. Early life Born in Keene, New Hampshire, Edwards was tutored privately. ...

(R)

New Jersey New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delawa ...

: . John T. Nixon (R) : .

John L. N. Stratton John Leake Newbold Stratton (November 27, 1817, Mount Holly Township, New Jersey – May 17, 1889, Mount Holly Township, New Jersey) was an American Republican Party politician who represented New Jersey's 2nd congressional district for tw ...

(R) : . William G. Steele (D) : . George T. Cobb (D) : . Nehemiah Perry (D)

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * '' ...

: . Edward H. Smith (D) : . Moses F. Odell (D) : . Benjamin Wood (D) : . James E. Kerrigan (ID) : . William Wall (R) : . Frederick A. Conkling (R) : .

Elijah Ward Elijah Ward (September 16, 1816 – February 7, 1882) was a U.S. Congressman during the American Civil War and the Reconstruction era. Early life Ward was born in Sing Sing (now Ossining), New York. He pursued classical studies at the Co ...

(D) : . Isaac C. Delaplaine (D) : .

Edward Haight Edward is an English given name. It is derived from the Anglo-Saxon name ''Ēadweard'', composed of the elements '' ēad'' "wealth, fortune; prosperous" and '' weard'' "guardian, protector”. History The name Edward was very popular in Anglo-Sax ...

(D) : .

Charles H. Van Wyck Charles Henry Van Wyck (May 10, 1824October 24, 1895) was a Representative from New York, a Senator from Nebraska, and a Union Army brigadier general in the American Civil War. Early life and political career Van Wyck was born in Poughkeepsie, ...

(R) : . John B. Steele (D) : . Stephen Baker (R) : . Abram B. Olin (R) : . Erastus Corning (D) : . James B. McKean (R) : .

William A. Wheeler William Almon Wheeler (June 30, 1819June 4, 1887) was an American politician and attorney. He served as a United States representative from New York from 1861 to 1863 and 1869 to 1877, and the 19th vice president of the United States from 1877 t ...

(R) : .

Socrates N. Sherman Socrates Norton Sherman (July 22, 1801 – February 1, 1873) was a U.S. Representative from New York, a physician, and an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Biography Born in Barre, Vermont, Sherman attended the local ...

(R) : .

Chauncey Vibbard Chauncey Vibbard (November 11, 1811 – June 5, 1891) was an American railroad executive and a U.S. Representative from New York during the American Civil War. Early life Born in Galway, New York on November 11, 1811, Vibbard attended the comm ...

(D) : . Richard Franchot (R) : .

Roscoe Conkling Roscoe Conkling (October 30, 1829April 18, 1888) was an American lawyer and Republican politician who represented New York in the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate. He is remembered today as the leader of the ...

(R) : . R. Holland Duell (R) : . William E. Lansing (R) : . Ambrose W. Clark (R) : . Charles B. Sedgwick (R) : . Theodore M. Pomeroy (R) : . Jacob P. Chamberlain (R) : .

Alexander S. Diven Alexander Samuel Diven (February 10, 1809 – June 11, 1896) was an American politician from New York and an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Biography Born in Catharine, New York, Diven attended the common schools and t ...

(R) : . Robert B. Van Valkenburgh (R) : . Alfred Ely (R) : .

Augustus Frank Augustus Frank (July 17, 1826 – April 29, 1895) was an American merchant, railroad executive, banker and politician. He served as a United States representative from the U.S. state of New York (state), New York during the American Civil Wa ...

(R) : . Burt Van Horn (R) : . Elbridge G. Spaulding (R) : . Reuben Fenton (R)

North Carolina North Carolina () is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 28th largest and List of states and territories of the United ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant

Ohio Ohio () is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Of the List of states and territories of the United States, fifty U.S. states, it is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 34th-l ...

: . George H. Pendleton (D) : . John A. Gurley (R) : .

Clement Vallandigham Clement Laird Vallandigham ( ; July 29, 1820 – June 17, 1871) was an American politician and leader of the Copperhead faction of anti-war Democrats during the American Civil War. He served two terms for Ohio's 3rd congressional district in t ...

(D) : . William Allen (D) : . James M. Ashley (R) : . Chilton A. White (D) : . Thomas Corwin (R), until March 12, 1861 :: Richard A. Harrison (U), from July 4, 1861 : .

Samuel Shellabarger Samuel Shellabarger (18 May 1888 – 21 March 1954) was an American educator and author of both scholarly works and best-selling historical novels. Born 18 May 1888 in Washington, D.C., Shellabarger was orphaned in infancy, upon the death of bot ...

(R) : . Warren P. Noble (D) : . Carey A. Trimble (R) : . Valentine B. Horton (R) : .

Samuel S. Cox Samuel Sullivan "Sunset" Cox (September 30, 1824 – September 10, 1889) was an American Congressman and diplomat. He represented both Ohio and New York in the United States House of Representatives and served as United States Ambassador to the O ...

(D) : .

(R), until March 21, 1861 :: Samuel T. Worcester (R), from July 4, 1861 : . Harrison G. O. Blake (R) : . Robert H. Nugen (D) : . William P. Cutler (R) : . James R. Morris (D) : .

Sidney Edgerton Sidney Edgerton (August 17, 1818 – July 19, 1900) was an American politician, lawyer, judge and teacher from Ohio. He served during the American Civil War, as a Squirrel Hunter. During this time, Edgerton served as a U.S. Congressman. In 186 ...

(R) : . Albert G. Riddle (R) : . John Hutchins (R) : .

John Bingham John Armor Bingham (January 21, 1815 – March 19, 1900) was an American politician who served as a Republican representative from Ohio and as the United States ambassador to Japan. In his time as a congressman, Bingham served as both ass ...

(R)

Oregon Oregon () is a U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. The Columbia River delineates much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington (state), Washington, while the Snake River delineates much of it ...

: . Andrew J. Thayer (D), until July 30, 1861 :: George K. Shiel (D), from July 30, 1861

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, ...

: . William E. Lehman (D) : . Edward Joy Morris (R), until June 8, 1861 :: Charles J. Biddle (D), from July 2, 1861 : . John P. Verree (R) : . William D. Kelley (R) : .

William Morris Davis William Morris Davis (February 12, 1850 – February 5, 1934) was an American geographer, geologist, geomorphologist, and meteorologist, often called the "father of American geography". He was born into a prominent Quaker family in Philadelphia, ...

(R) : . John Hickman (R) : . Thomas B. Cooper (D), until April 4, 1862 :: John D. Stiles (D), from June 3, 1862 : . Sydenham E. Ancona (D) : .

Thaddeus Stevens Thaddeus Stevens (April 4, 1792August 11, 1868) was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania, one of the leaders of the Radical Republican faction of the Republican Party during the 1860s. A fierce opponent of sla ...

(R) : . John W. Killinger (R) : . James H. Campbell (R) : .

George W. Scranton George Whitfield Scranton (May 11, 1811 – March 24, 1861) was an American industrialist and politician, a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania from March 4, 1859, until his death in 1861. Moving to Pe ...

(R), until March 24, 1861 ::

Hendrick B. Wright Hendrick Bradley Wright (April 24, 1808 – September 2, 1881) was a Democratic Party (United States), Democratic and United States Greenback Party, Greenback member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania. Early life Hendrick ...

(D), from July 4, 1861 : .

Philip Johnson Philip Cortelyou Johnson (July 8, 1906 – January 25, 2005) was an American architect best known for his works of modern and postmodern architecture. Among his best-known designs are his modernist Glass House in New Canaan, Connecticut; the po ...

(D) : . Galusha A. Grow (R) : . James T. Hale (R) : . Joseph Bailey (D) : .

Edward McPherson Edward McPherson (July 31, 1830 – December 14, 1895) was an American newspaper editor and politician who served two terms in the United States House of Representatives, as well as multiple terms as the Clerk of the House of Representative ...

(R) : . Samuel S. Blair (R) : .

John Covode John Covode (March 17, 1808 – January 11, 1871) was an American businessman and abolitionist politician. He served three terms in the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania. Early life Covode was born in Fairfield Towns ...

(R) : .

Jesse Lazear Jesse Lazear (December 12, 1804 – September 2, 1877) was a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania. Biography Lazear was born to Thomas Lazear, Esq., and Elizabeth (Braddock) in Richhill Township, Greene C ...

(D) : . James K. Moorhead (R) : .

Robert McKnight Robert McKnight (January 20, 1820 – October 25, 1885) was an American lawyer and politician who represented Pennsylvania's 22nd congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1859 to 1863. Early life and educat ...

(R) : . John W. Wallace (R) : . John Patton (R) : . Elijah Babbitt (R)

Rhode Island Rhode Island (, like ''road'') is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It is the List of U.S. states by area, smallest U.S. state by area and the List of states and territories of the United States ...

: . William P. Sheffield (U) : . George H. Browne (U)

South Carolina )''Animis opibusque parati'' ( for, , Latin, Prepared in mind and resources, links=no) , anthem = " Carolina";" South Carolina On My Mind" , Former = Province of South Carolina , seat = Columbia , LargestCity = Charleston , LargestMetro = ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant

Tennessee Tennessee ( , ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. Tennessee is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 36th-largest by ...

: . Vacant : .

Horace Maynard Horace Maynard (August 30, 1814 – May 3, 1882) was an American educator, attorney, politician and diplomat active primarily in the second half of the 19th century. Initially elected to the House of Representatives from Tennessee's 2nd Con ...

(U) : . George W. Bridges (U), from February 25, 1863 : . Andrew J. Clements (U) : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant

Texas Texas (, ; Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2020, it is the second-largest U.S. state by ...

: . Vacant : . Vacant

Vermont Vermont () is a U.S. state, state in the northeast New England region of the United States. Vermont is bordered by the states of Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, and New York (state), New York to the west, and the Provin ...

: . Eliakim P. Walton (R) : . Justin S. Morrill (R) : . Portus Baxter (R)

Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth are ...

: . Joseph E. Segar (U), from May 6, 1862''Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress, (1774–2005)'',
Official Annotated Membership Roster by State with Vacancy and Special Election Information for the 37th Congress
". : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Vacant : . Charles H. Upton (U), July 4, 1861 – February 27, 1862 ::

Lewis McKenzie Lewis McKenzie (October 7, 1810 – June 28, 1895) was a nineteenth-century politician, merchant and railroad president from Virginia. Biography Born in Alexandria, District of Columbia, McKenzie pursued an academic course as a young adul ...

(U), from February 16, 1863 : . Vacant : . Vacant : . William G. Brown Sr. (U) : . John S. Carlile (U), until July 9, 1861 ::

Jacob B. Blair Jacob Beeson Blair (April 11, 1821 – February 12, 1901) was a U.S. Representative from Virginia and from West Virginia, and later a justice of the Wyoming Supreme Court. Life and career Born in Parkersburg, West Virginia (then Virginia), Blai ...

(U), from December 2, 1861 : . Kellian Whaley (U) : . Vacant

Wisconsin Wisconsin () is a state in the upper Midwestern United States. Wisconsin is the 25th-largest state by total area and the 20th-most populous. It is bordered by Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake M ...

: . John F. Potter (R) : . Luther Hanchett (R), until November 24, 1862 :: Walter D. McIndoe (R), from January 26, 1863 : . A. Scott Sloan (R)

Non-voting members

: . Hiram P. Bennet (R), from August 19, 1861 : . John B. S. Todd (D), from December 9, 1861 : . Samuel G. Daily (R) : .

John Cradlebaugh John Cradlebaugh (February 22, 1819 – February 22, 1872) was the first delegate to the United States House of Representatives from Nevada Territory. Biography Born in Circleville, Ohio, he attended the common schools; Kenyon College (in Gambi ...

(I), from December 2, 1861 : . John S. Watts (R) : . John M. Bernhisel (I) : . William H. Wallace (R) 37 us house membership

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.

Senate

, - ,

(3) , Vacant , Did not take seat until after Congress commenced. , nowrap , Waldo P. Johnson (D) , March 17, 1861 , - ,

Kansas Kansas () is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. Its Capital city, capital is Topeka, Kansas, Topeka, and its largest city is Wichita, Kansas, Wichita. Kansas is a landlocked state bordered by Nebras ...

(2) , Vacant , Election not recognized by US Senate. , nowrap , James H. Lane (R) , April 4, 1861 , - ,

(3) , Vacant , Election not recognized by the Senate. , nowrap ,

(R) , April 4, 1861 , - ,

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, ...

(1) , nowrap , Simon Cameron (R) , Resigned March 4, 1861, to become

Secretary of War The secretary of war was a member of the U.S. president's Cabinet, beginning with George Washington's administration. A similar position, called either "Secretary at War" or "Secretary of War", had been appointed to serve the Congress of the ...

.
Successor was elected. , nowrap ,

(R) , March 14, 1861 , - ,

(2) , nowrap , Thomas Bragg (D) , WithdrewWithdrawal" meant that these senators announced they were withdrawing from the Senate due to their states' decisions to secede from the Union. Their seats were later declared vacant by the Senate, but some seats were actually unfilled since the beginning of this Congress on March 4, 1861. March 6, 1861; expelled later in 1861. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

Ohio Ohio () is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Of the List of states and territories of the United States, fifty U.S. states, it is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 34th-l ...

(3) , nowrap ,

(R) , Resigned March 7, 1861, to become

Secretary of the Treasury The United States secretary of the treasury is the head of the United States Department of the Treasury, and is the chief financial officer of the federal government of the United States. The secretary of the treasury serves as the principal a ...

.
Successor was elected. , nowrap ,

(R) , March 21, 1861 , - ,

Texas Texas (, ; Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2020, it is the second-largest U.S. state by ...

(1) , nowrap , Louis T. Wigfall (D) , Withdrew March 23, 1861. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

(3) , nowrap , Thomas L. Clingman (D) , Withdrew March 28, 1861; expelled later in 1861. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

(2) , nowrap , Robert M. T. Hunter (D) , Withdrew March 28, 1861, and later expelled for support of the rebellion.
Successor was elected. , nowrap , John S. Carlile (U) , July 9, 1861 , - ,

(1) , nowrap , James M. Mason (D) , Expelled March 28, 1861, for supporting the rebellion.
Successor was elected. , nowrap ,

(U) , July 9, 1861 , - ,

Illinois Illinois ( ) is a state in the Midwestern United States. Its largest metropolitan areas include the Chicago metropolitan area, and the Metro East section, of Greater St. Louis. Other smaller metropolitan areas include, Peoria and Rock ...

(2) , nowrap , Stephen A. Douglas (D) , Died June 3, 1861.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap ,

(R) , June 26, 1861 , - ,

(2) , nowrap , John Hemphill (D) , Expelled sometime in July 1861. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

(2) , nowrap ,

(R) , Interim appointee lost election to finish the term.
Successor elected January 12, 1863. , nowrap ,

(D) , January 30, 1863 , - ,

(2) , nowrap , William K. Sebastian (D) , Expelled July 11, 1861. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

(3) , nowrap , Charles B. Mitchel (D) , Expelled July 11, 1861. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

Michigan Michigan () is a state in the Great Lakes region of the upper Midwestern United States. With a population of nearly 10.12 million and an area of nearly , Michigan is the 10th-largest state by population, the 11th-largest by area, and t ...

(2) , nowrap ,

(R) , Died October 5, 1861.
Successor was elected. , nowrap ,

(R) , January 17, 1862 , - ,

Oregon Oregon () is a U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. The Columbia River delineates much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington (state), Washington, while the Snake River delineates much of it ...

(2) , nowrap ,

(R) , Killed at

Battle of Ball's Bluff The Battle of Ball's Bluff was an early battle of the American Civil War fought in Loudoun County, Virginia, on October 21, 1861, in which Union Army forces under Major General George B. McClellan suffered a humiliating defeat. The operatio ...

October 21, 1861.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap ,

(D) , October 29, 1861 , - ,

(3) , nowrap , John C. Breckinridge (D) , Expelled December 4, 1861, for supporting the rebellion.
Successor was elected. , nowrap , Garrett Davis (U) , December 23, 1861 , - ,

(1) , nowrap ,

(D) , Expelled January 10, 1862, for supporting the rebellion.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap , John B. Henderson (U) , January 17, 1862 , - ,

(3) , nowrap , Waldo P. Johnson (D) , Expelled January 10, 1862, for disloyalty to the government.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap , Robert Wilson (U) , January 17, 1862 , - ,

Indiana Indiana () is a U.S. state in the Midwestern United States. It is the 38th-largest by area and the 17th-most populous of the 50 States. Its capital and largest city is Indianapolis. Indiana was admitted to the United States as the 19th ...

(1) , nowrap , Jesse D. Bright (D) , Expelled February 5, 1862, on charges of disloyalty.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap , Joseph A. Wright (U) , February 24, 1862 , - ,

(1) , nowrap ,

(D) , Resigned March 4, 1862. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter , - ,

Rhode Island Rhode Island (, like ''road'') is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It is the List of U.S. states by area, smallest U.S. state by area and the List of states and territories of the United States ...

(1) , nowrap ,

(R) , Resigned August 15, 1862.
Successor was elected. , nowrap ,

(R) , December 1, 1862 , - ,

New Jersey New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delawa ...

(1) , nowrap , John R. Thomson (D) , Died September 12, 1862.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap , Richard S. Field (R) , November 21, 1862 , - ,

(2) , nowrap ,

(D) , Retired September 12, 1862, upon election of a successor. , nowrap , Benjamin F. Harding (D) , September 12, 1862 , - ,

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It shares borders with Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware and the Atlantic Ocean t ...

(3) , nowrap , James Pearce (D) , Died December 20, 1862.
Successor was appointed. , nowrap , Thomas H. Hicks (U) , December 29, 1862 , - ,

(1) , nowrap , Joseph A. Wright (U) , Retired January 14, 1863, upon election of a successor. , nowrap , David Turpie (D) , January 14, 1863 , - ,

(1) , nowrap , Richard S. Field (R) , Retired January 14, 1863, upon election of a successor. , nowrap , James W. Wall (D) , January 14, 1863

House of Representatives

, - , , colspan=2 , New seat. , nowrap , Hiram P. Bennett (Conservative R) , August 19, 1861 , - , , colspan=2 , New seat. , nowrap ,

(I) , December 2, 1861 , - , , colspan=2 , New seat. , nowrap , John B. S. Todd (D) , December 9, 1861 , - , , colspan=2 , Vacant. , nowrap , Benjamin F. Flanders (U) , December 3, 1862 , - , , colspan=2 , Vacant. , nowrap , Michael Hahn (U) , December 3, 1862 , - , , Vacant , Representative-elect George W. Bridges was arrested by Confederate troops while en route to Washington, D.C. and held prisoner before he escaped. , nowrap , George W. Bridges (U) , February 25, 1863 , - , , colspan=2 , Vacant. , nowrap , Joseph E. Segar (U) , May 6, 1862 , - , , Vacant , Low not permitted to take seat, qualified later under special act of Congress, , nowrap , Frederick F. Low (R) , June 3, 1862 , - , , colspan=2 , Vacant. , nowrap , Charles H. Upton (U) , July 4, 1861 , - , , nowrap , Thomas Corwin (R) , Resigned March 12, 1861, to become

Minister to Mexico Minister may refer to: * Minister (Christianity), a Christian cleric ** Minister (Catholic Church) * Minister (government), a member of government who heads a ministry (government department) ** Minister without portfolio, a member of governmen ...

. , nowrap , Richard A. Harrison (U) , July 4, 1861 , - , , nowrap ,

(R) , Resigned March 12, 1861, when elected U.S. Senator. , nowrap , Samuel T. Worcester (R) , July 4, 1861 , - , , nowrap ,

(R) , Died March 24, 1861. , nowrap ,

(D) , July 4, 1861 , - , , nowrap , Charles F. Adams Sr. (R) , Resigned May 1, 1861, to become Ambassador to Great Britain. , nowrap , Benjamin Thomas (U) , June 11, 1861 , - , , nowrap , Edward Joy Morris (R) , Resigned June 8, 1861, to become Minister Resident to Turkey. , nowrap , Charles J. Biddle (D) , July 2, 1861 , - , , nowrap , John S. Carlile (U) , Resigned July 9, 1861, to become United States Senator from the loyal faction of Virginia. , nowrap ,

(U) , December 2, 1861 , - , , nowrap , John Bullock Clark (D) , Expelled July 13, 1861, for having taken up arms against the Union. , nowrap , William A. Hall (D) , January 20, 1862 , - , , nowrap , Andrew J. Thayer (D) , Election was successfully contested July 30, 1861. , nowrap , George K. Shiel (D) , July 30, 1861 , - , , nowrap , John W. Reid (D) , Withdrew August 3, 1861, and then expelled December 2, 1861, for having taken up arms against the Union. , nowrap , Thomas L. Price (D) , January 21, 1862 , - , , nowrap , Samuel Curtis (R) , Resigned August 4, 1861, to become colonel of the 2nd Iowa Infantry. , nowrap ,

(R) , October 8, 1861 , - , , nowrap , William Appleton (CU) , Resigned September 27, 1861, due to failing health. , nowrap , Samuel Hooper (R) , December 2, 1861 , - , , nowrap ,

(D) , Resigned October 28, 1861, to accept a commission as brigadier general of volunteers for service in the Civil War. , nowrap , Anthony L. Knapp (D) , December 12, 1861 , - , , nowrap , Henry C. Burnett (D) , Expelled December 3, 1861, for support of secession. , nowrap , Samuel L. Casey (U) , March 10, 1862 , - , , nowrap , James S. Jackson (U) , Resigned December 13, 1861, to enter the Union Army. , nowrap , George H. Yeaman (U) , December 1, 1862 , - , , nowrap , Charles H. Upton (U) , Declared not entitled to seat February 27, 1862. , nowrap ,

(U) , February 16, 1863 , - , , nowrap , John A. Logan (D) , Resigned April 2, 1862, to enter the Union Army. , nowrap , William J. Allen (D) , June 2, 1862 , - , , nowrap , Thomas B. Cooper (D) , Died April 4, 1862. , nowrap , John D. Stiles (D) , June 3, 1862 , - , , nowrap , Goldsmith F. Bailey (R) , Died May 8, 1862. , nowrap ,

(R) , December 1, 1862 , - , , nowrap , Charles W. Walton (R) , Resigned May 26, 1862, to become associate justice of the Maine Supreme Judicial Court. , nowrap , Thomas A. D. Fessenden (R) , December 1, 1862 , - , , nowrap , Luther Hanchett (R) , Died November 24, 1862. , nowrap , Walter D. McIndoe (R) , January 26, 1863 , - , , nowrap ,

(D) , Resigned January 29, 1863, after being elected to the U.S. Senate. , colspan=2 , Vacant thereafter

Committees

Senate

Standing committees of the Senate resolved, Friday, March 8, 1861

Foreign Relations A state's foreign policy or external policy (as opposed to internal or domestic policy) is its objectives and activities in relation to its interactions with other states, unions, and other political entities, whether bilaterally or through m ...

(R-Massachusetts) (Chairman) * Jacob Collamer (R-Vermont) *

James Rood Doolittle James Rood Doolittle (January 3, 1815July 27, 1897) was an American politician who served as a U.S. Senator from Wisconsin from March 4, 1857, to March 4, 1869. He was a strong supporter of President Abraham Lincoln's administration during th ...

(R-Wisconsin) *

(R-New York) * Stephen A. Douglas (D-Illinois) *

(D-Missouri) * John C. Breckinridge (D-Kentucky)

Finance Finance is the study and discipline of money, currency and capital assets. It is related to, but not synonymous with economics, the study of production, distribution, and consumption of money, assets, goods and services (the discipline of f ...

(R-Maine) (Chairman) *

(R-Rhode Island) * Jacob Collamer (R-Vermont) * Benjamin F. Wade (R-Massachusetts) *

(R-Wisconsin) * Robert M. T. Hunter (D-Virginia) * James Pearce (D-Maryland) * Jesse D. Bright (D-Indiana)

Commerce Commerce is the large-scale organized system of activities, functions, procedures and institutions directly and indirectly related to the exchange (buying and selling) of goods and services among two or more parties within local, regional, natio ...

(R-Michigan) (Chairman) * Preston King (R-New York) *

Lot Morrill Lot Myrick Morrill (May 3, 1813January 10, 1883) was an American statesman and accomplished politician who served as the 28th Governor of Maine, as a United States Senator, and as U.S. Secretary of the Treasury under President Ulysses S. Grant. ...

(R-Maine) *

(R-Massachusetts) * Thomas L. Clingman (D-North Carolina) *

(R-Rhode Island) * Willard Saulsbury Jr. (D-North Carolina) *

(D-Tennsessee)

Military Affairs and Militia

(R-Massachusetts) (Chairman) * Preston King (R-New York) *

(R-Oregon) *

(R-Indiana) * James H. Lane (R-Kansas) * Henry M. Rice (R-Minnesota) * Milton S. Latham (D-California) * John Breckinridge (D-Kentucky) *

(R-Michigan)

Naval Affairs

* John P. Hale (R-New Hampshire) (Chairman) *

(R-Iowa) *

(R-Vermont) *

(R-New Hampshire) * John Renshaw Thomson (R-New Jersey) *

(U-Maryland) *

Richard Stockton Field Richard Stockton Field (December 31, 1803 – May 25, 1870) was an Attorney General of New Jersey, a United States senator from New Jersey and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey. Edu ...

(R-New Jersey) *

(D-Ohio)

Judiciary The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law ...

(R-Ohio) (Chairman) * Lafayette S. Foster (R-Connecticut) * John C. Ten Eyck (R-New Jersey) *

(R-Michigan) *

(R-New York) *

(R-Pennsylvania) * James A. Bayard Jr. (D-Delaware) *

(D-Kentucky) * Thomas L. Clingman (D-North Carolina)

Post Offices and Post Roads

* Jacob Collamer (R-Vermont) (Chairman) *

(R-Connecticut) *

Benjamin Wade Benjamin Franklin "Bluff" Wade (October 27, 1800March 2, 1878) was an American lawyer and politician who served as a United States Senator for Ohio from 1851 to 1869. He is known for his leading role among the Radical Republicans.

(R-Connecticut) *

(R-Illinois) * Henry M. Rice (D-Minnesota) * Jesse D. Bright (D-Indiana) * Milton S. Latham (D-California)

Public Lands

* James Harlan (R-Iowa) (Chairman) *

(R-Michigan) * Daniel Clark (R-New Hampshire) * Morton S. Wilkinson (R-Minnesota) *

(D-Tennsessee) * Joseph A. Wright (U-Indiana) * Benjamin F. Harding (D-Oregon) * Thomas Bragg (D-North Carolina) *

(R-Kansas) * John S. Carlile (U-Virginia)

Private Land Claims

(R-New York) (Chairman) * John C. Ten Eyck (R-New York) *

(R-New York) *

(D-Missouri) * James A. Bayard Jr. (D-Delaware) * Henry M. Rice (D-Minnesota) * Daniel Clark (R-New Hampshire)

Indian Affairs

(R-Wisconsin) (Chairman) *

(D-Oregon) *

(D-Pennsylvania) * John C. Ten Eyck (R-New Jersey) * William K. Sebastian (D-Arkansas) * Henry M. Rice (D-Minnesota) * James W. Nesmith (D-Oregon)

Pensions A pension (, from Latin ''pensiō'', "payment") is a fund into which a sum of money is added during an employee's employment years and from which payments are drawn to support the person's retirement from work in the form of periodic payments ...

* Lafayette S. Foster (R-Michigan) (Chairman) *

(R-Minnesota) *

(R-Indiana) *

(R-Rhode Island) * Willard Saulsbury Sr. (D-Delaware) *

(R-Kansas) *

(U-Virginia)

Revolutionary Claims

* Preston King (R-New York) (Chairman) *

(R-Michigan) * Morton S. Wilkinson (D-Minnesota) * John P. Hale (R-New Hampshire) * James W. Nesmith (D-Oregon)

Claims Claim may refer to: * Claim (legal) * Claim of Right Act 1689 * Claims-based identity * Claim (philosophy) * Land claim * A ''main contention'', see conclusion of law * Patent claim * The assertion of a proposition; see Douglas N. Walton * A ri ...

* Daniel Clark (R-New Hampshire) (Chairman) *

(R-Rhode Island) *

(R-Wisconsin) *

(R-Pennsylvania) * Thomas Bragg (D-North Carolina) *

(D-Missouri) *

(R-Kansas) *

(R-New Jersey) *

(R-Pennsylvania) * Milton S. Latham (D-California)

District of Columbia ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle (Washington, D.C.), Logan Circle, Jefferson Memoria ...

(R-Iowa) (Chairman) *

(R-Rhode Island) *

(R-Maine) * Benjamin F. Wade (R-Ohio) *

(U-Maryland) * Thomas L. Clingman (D-North Carolina) * John B. Henderson (D-Missouri)

Patents and Patent Office

(R-Rhode Island) (Chairman) *

(R-Massachusetts) *

(R-Wisconsin) *

(R-Pennsylvania) * John R. Thomson (D-New Jersey) * William K. Sebastian (D-Arkansas) * Willard Saulsbury Sr. (D-Delaware) *

(R-New Jersey)

Public Buildings and Grounds

(R-Vermont) (Chairman) *

(R-Connecticut) *

(R-Michigan) * Jesse D. Bright (D-Indiana) *

(U-Maryland) * John B. Henderson (D-Missouri)

Territories A territory is an area of land, sea, or space, particularly belonging or connected to a country, person, or animal. In international politics, a territory is usually either the total area from which a state may extract power resources or a ...

* James Mitchell Ashley (R-Ohio) (Chairman) * Morton S. Wilkinson (R-Minnesota) *

(R-Pennsylvania) * John P. Hale (R-New Hampshire) * Stephen A. Douglas (D-Illinois) * William K. Sebastian (D-Arkansas) * Thomas Bragg (D-North Carolina) * John S. Carlile (U-Virginia) *

Orville Hickman Browning Orville Hickman Browning (February 10, 1806 – August 10, 1881) was an attorney in Illinois and a politician who was active in the Whig and Republican Parties. He is notable for his service as a U.S. Senator and the United States Secre ...

(R-Illinois) *

(D-Tennessee) *

(R-Kansas)

Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate

(R-Connecticut) (Chairman) * Daniel Clark (R-New Hampshire) *

(D-Tennessee) * Benjamin F. Harding (D-Oregon)

Printing Printing is a process for mass reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include cylinder seals and objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The ...

(R-Rhode Island) (Chairman) * James Harlan (R-Iowa) *

(D-Kentucky)

Engrossed Bills

* James H. Lane (R-Kansas) (Chairman) *

(R-Maryland) *

(R-Rhode Island) * Charles B. Mitchel (D-Arkansas)

Enrolled Bills

(R-Michigan) (Chairman) *

(R-Oregon) *

(U-Virginia) * Willard Saulsbury Sr. (D-Delaware)

The Library

* James Pearce (D-Maryland) (Chairman) * Jacob Collamer (R-Vermont) *

(R-Maine)

Order in the Galleries (Select)

(R-Rhode Island) * James Murray Mason (D-Virginia) * Benjamin F. Wade (R-Ohio)

House of Representatives

Members by committee assignments,

Congressional Globe The ''Congressional Record'' is the official record of the proceedings and debates of the United States Congress, published by the United States Government Publishing Office and issued when Congress is in session. The Congressional Record Inde ...

, as published July 8, 1861 Spellings conform to those found in the Congressional Biographical Dictionary. Unless otherwise noted, all committees listed are Standing, as found at the Library of Congress

Accounts

* James Buffinton (R-Massachusetts) (Chairman) * Edward H. Rollins (R-New Hampshire) * William E. Lehman (D-Pennsylvania) * Samuel T. Worcester (R-Ohio) * George W. Dunlap (U-Kentucky)

Agriculture Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people ...

(R-Illinois) * Dwight Loomis (R-Connecticut) * Charles B. Calvert (U-Maryland) * Edward H. Smith (R-New York) * Jacob P. Chamberlain (R-New York) * John P.C. Shanks (R-Indiana) * Joseph Bailey (D-Pennsylvania) * Samuel T. Worcester (R-Ohio) *

(R-Minnesota)

Claims Claim may refer to: * Claim (legal) * Claim of Right Act 1689 * Claims-based identity * Claim (philosophy) * Land claim * A ''main contention'', see conclusion of law * Patent claim * The assertion of a proposition; see Douglas N. Walton * A ri ...

* Reuben E. Fenton (R-New York) * Eliakim Persons Walton (R-Vermont) *

(D-Indiana) * John Hutchins (R-Ohio) * James T. Hale (R-Pennsylvania) * John W. Noell (D-Missouri) * R. Holland Duell (R-New York) * Edwin H. Webster (U-Maryland) * John W. Wallace (R-Pennsylvania)

Commerce Commerce is the large-scale organized system of activities, functions, procedures and institutions directly and indirectly related to the exchange (buying and selling) of goods and services among two or more parties within local, regional, natio ...

(R-Illinois) (Chairman) *

(R-Massachusetts) *

(D-New York) * John T. Nixon (R-New Jersey) * Elijah Babbitt (R-Pennsylvania) * John A. Gurley (R-Ohio) * James S. Rollins (CU-Missouri) * Cornelius L. L. Leary (U-Maryland) * William P. Sheffield (R-Rhode Island)

Confiscation of Rebel Property (Select)

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

District of Columbia ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle (Washington, D.C.), Logan Circle, Jefferson Memoria ...

* James M. Ashley (R-Ohio) * Charles B. Calvert (U-Maryland) * Richard Franchot (R-Ohio) * Edward H. Rollins (R-New Hampshire) *

(R-Pennsylvania) * Charles H. Upton (U-Virginia)

Elections An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has opera ...

(R-Massachusetts) (Chairman) * James H. Campbell (R-Pennsylvania) *

(D-Indiana) * James B. McKean (R-New York) * Dwight Loomis (R-Connecticut) * Portus Baxter (R-Vermont) * George H. Browne (D-Rhode Island) * John W. Menzies (D-Vermont)

Emancipation Emancipation generally means to free a person from a previous restraint or legal disability. More broadly, it is also used for efforts to procure economic and social rights, political rights or equality, often for a specifically disenfranch ...

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Expenditures in the State Department

* James B. McKean (R-New York) (Chairman) * James C. Robinson (D-Illinois) * John T. Nixon (R-New Jersey) *

(R-Iowa) * Charles H. Upton (U-Virginia)

Expenditures in the Treasury Department

* Moses F. Odell (D-New York) (Chairman) * James H. Campbell (R-Pennsylvania) *

John A. Bingham John Armor Bingham (January 21, 1815 – March 19, 1900) was an American politician who served as a Republican representative from Ohio and as the United States ambassador to Japan. In his time as a congressman, Bingham served as both assis ...

(R-Ohio) *

(R-Massachusetts) * William G. Steele (D-New Jersey)

Expenditures in the War Department

(R-New York) *

Samuel R. Curtis Samuel Ryan Curtis (February 3, 1805 – December 26, 1866) was an American military officer and one of the first Republicans elected to Congress. He was most famous for his role as a Union Army general in the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the ...

(R-Iowa) *

(D-New York) *

(R-Indiana) * James S. Rollins (CU-Maryland)

Expenditures in the Post Office Department

* John W. Killinger (R-Pennsylvania) (Chairman) *

(U-Kentucky) * Carey A. Trimble (R-Ohio) * Francis W. Kellogg (R-Michigan) * Edward H. Smith (D-New York)

Expenditures in the Interior Department

* William Allen (D-Ohio) (Chairman) * Martin F. Conway (R-Kansas) *

(R-New York) *

(R-Ohio) * Thomas B. Cooper (D-Pennsylvania)

Finance Finance is the study and discipline of money, currency and capital assets. It is related to, but not synonymous with economics, the study of production, distribution, and consumption of money, assets, goods and services (the discipline of f ...

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Foreign Affairs ''Foreign Affairs'' is an American magazine of international relations and U.S. foreign policy published by the Council on Foreign Relations, a nonprofit, nonpartisan, membership organization and think tank specializing in U.S. foreign policy a ...

:Also known as

Foreign Relations A state's foreign policy or external policy (as opposed to internal or domestic policy) is its objectives and activities in relation to its interactions with other states, unions, and other political entities, whether bilaterally or through m ...

(U-Kentucky) *

(R-Massachusetts) *

(D-Ohio) * Albert S. White (R-Indiana) *

(R-Pennsylvania) * Alfred A. Burnham (R-Pennsylvania) *

(R-Maryland) * Theodore M. Pomeroy (R-New York) * George P. Fisher (R-Delaware)

Indian Affairs

(R-Minnesota) (Chairman) *

(R-New Hampshire) *

(U-Kentucky) * Martin F. Conway (R-Kansas) *

(R-Indiana) * Moses F. Odell (D-New York) * William E. Lansing (R-New York) * John Patton (R-Pennsylvania) * Andrew J. Thayer (D-Oregon)

Invalid Pensions

* Alfred Ely (R-New York) (Chairman) *

(R-New York) * John A. Logan (R-Illinois) * Richard A. Harrison (U-Ohio) * William P. Cutler (R-Ohio) * Kellian V. Whaley (U-Virginia) * John N. Goodwin (D-Maine) * Benjamin Wood (D-New York) * George T. Cobb (D-New Jersey)

Judiciary The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law ...

* Albert G. Porter (R-Indiana) * John S. Carlile (U-Virginia) * Benjamin F. Thomas (U-Massachusetts) *

(U-Maryland) *

(R-New York)

Lake and River Defences

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Manufactures Manufacturing is the creation or production of goods with the help of equipment, labor, machines, tools, and chemical or biological processing or formulation. It is the essence of secondary sector of the economy. The term may refer to a rang ...

:''Listed in the Congressional Globe, but not listed in the Library of Congress summary page'' * John Hutchins (R-Ohio) (Chairman) * James K. Moorhead (R-Pennsylvania) *

(R-New York) *

(R-Massachusetts) * Albert G. Porter (R-Indiana) * Alfred Ely (R-New York) * Isaac N. Arnold (R-Illinois) * Sydenham E. Ancona (D-Pennsylvania) * William G. Brown (D-Virginia)

Mileage

:''Listed in the Congressional Globe, but not listed in the Library of Congress summary page'' * James C. Robinson (D-Illinois) (Chairman) * John W. Killinger (R-Pennsylvania) *

(R-New York) *

(R-Kentucky) * Benjamin Wood (D-New York)

Military Affairs

:Also known as

Military A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct ...

* Francis P. Blair Jr. (R-Missouri) (Chairman) *

(D-Illinois) * James Buffinton (R-Massachusetts) * Abram B. Olin (R-New York) * William Allen (D-Ohio) * Gilman Marston (R-New Hampshire) *

(R-Massachusetts) * James S. Jackson (U-Kentucky)

Military Railroad

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Militia A militia () is generally an army or some other fighting organization of non-professional soldiers, citizens of a country, or subjects of a state, who may perform military service during a time of need, as opposed to a professional force of r ...

:Also known as Military Affairs and the Militia * Robert B. Van Valkenburg (R-New York) (Chairman) * William M. Dunn (R-Indiana) * Sydenham E. Ancona (D-Indiana) * Charles Delano (D-Republican) * Charles J. Biddle (D-Pennsylvania) * Richard A. Harrison (U-Ohio) * William G. Brown (D-Virginia) * William P. Cutler (R-Ohio) * John N. Goodwin (R-Maine)

Naval Affairs

* Charles B. Sedgwick (R-New York) (Chairman) *

(R-Massachusetts) * Philip B. Fouke (R-Illinois) * James K. Moorhead (R-Massachusetts) * James E. English (R-Connecticut) * John P. Verree (R-Pennsylvania) * Frederick A. Pike (R-Maine) * Frederick A. Conkling (R-New York) *

(R-Kentucky)

Niagara Ship Canal (Select)

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861'' * Burt Van Horn, Chairman (R-New York)

Pacific Railroad

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Patents A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of time in exchange for publishing an enabling disclosure of the invention."A ...

:Also known as Patents and Patent Office * William M. Dunn (R-New York) (Chairman) * John H. Rice (R-Maine) * Stephen Baker (R-New York) *

(R-Pennsylvania) * Warren P. Noble (D-Ohio)

Pensions A pension (, from Latin ''pensiō'', "payment") is a fund into which a sum of money is added during an employee's employment years and from which payments are drawn to support the person's retirement from work in the form of periodic payments ...

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Post Offices and Post Roads

* Schuler Colfax (R-Indiana) (Chairman) *

(R-Massachusetts) *

(U-Kentucky) *

(R-Maine) * William Windom (R-Minnesota) * Harrison G. Blake (R-Ohio) *

(D-New York) *

(R-Michigan) * Elijah H. Norton (R-Missouri)

Printing Printing is a process for mass reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include cylinder seals and objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The ...

:Also known as

Joint Committee on Printing The Joint Committee on Printing is a joint committee of the United States Congress devoted to overseeing the functions of the Government Publishing Office and general printing procedures of the federal government of the United States. The author ...

* Eliakim Persons Walton (R-Vermont) * Ambrose W. Clark (R-New York) * Joseph Bailey (D-Pennsylvania)

Private Land Claims

* John W. Noell (D-Missouri) * Luther Hanchett (R-Wisconsin) * Burt Van Horn (R-New York) * John P. C. Shanks (R-Indiana) * Charles W. Walton (R-Maine) *

(R-Ohio) *

(D-Pennsylvania)

Public Lands

* John F. Potter (R-Wisconsin) (Chairman) *

(R-Pennsylvania) * Clement L. Vallandingham (D-Ohio) * George W. Julian (R-Indiana) * Carey A. Trimble (R-Ohio) *

(R-Iowa) * Francis W. Kellogg (R-Alabama) * John W. Crisfield (R-Maryland) * George C. Woodruff (D-Connecticut)

Public Buildings and Grounds

(R-Massachusetts) (Chairman) *

(R-Illinois) * Isaac C. Delaplaine (D-New York) *

(R-Pennsylvania) * James R. Morris (D-Ohio)

Public Expenditures

(R-Pennsylvania) (Chairman) *

(R-New Hampshire) * James E. Kerrigan (D-New York) *

(R-Massachusetts) * William Windom (R-Minnesota) * Edwin H. Webster (U-Maryland) * George W. Julian (R-Indiana) * Luther Hanchett (R-Wisconsin) * Chilton A. White (D-Ohio)

Revised and Unfinished Business

:''Listed in the Congressional Globe, but not listed in the Library of Congress summary page'' * John A. Logan (D-Illinois) * Elijah Babbitt (R-Pennsylvania) * John W. Menzies (U-Kentucky) *

(R-Maine) *

(D-New York)

Revolutionary Claims

* R. Holland Duell (R-New York) (Chairman) *

(R-Ohio) * Thomas B. Cooper (D-Pennsylvania) * John H. Rice (R-Maine) * William Wall (R-New York) * Nehemiah Perry (D-New Jersey) *

(R-Kentucky) * Albert G. Riddle (R-Ohio) *

(R-Maine)

Revolutionary Pensions

(R-New York) (Chairman) * Samuel S. Blair (R-Pennsylvania) * John S. Carlile (U-Virginia) * John F. Potter (R-Wisconsin) * William M. Davis (R-Pennsylvania) * John B. Steele (D-New York) * Bradley F. Granger (R-Michigan) *

(D-Indiana) * William G. Steele (D-New Jersey)

Roads and Canals

(U-Kentucky) (Chairman) * John A. Gurley (R-Ohio) * James T. Hale (R-Pennsylvania) * Burt Van Horn (R-New York) * Isaac N. Arnold (R-Illinois) * Robert H. Nugen (D-Ohio) * Stephen Baker (R-New York) *

(D-Pennsylvania) * Fernando C. Beaman (R-Michigan)

State of the Union The State of the Union Address (sometimes abbreviated to SOTU) is an annual message delivered by the president of the United States to a joint session of the United States Congress near the beginning of each calendar year on the current condit ...

:''Listed in Library of Congress summary, but not in Congressional Globe of July 22, 1861''

Territories A territory is an area of land, sea, or space, particularly belonging or connected to a country, person, or animal. In international politics, a territory is usually either the total area from which a state may extract power resources or a ...

* James M. Ashley (R-Ohio) (Chairman) *

(R-New York) * James A. Cravens (D-Indiana) * William Kellogg (R-Illinois) * Fernando C. Beaman (R-Michigan) * John W. Reid (D-Missouri) * A. Scott Sloan (R-Wisconsin) * Goldsmith F. Bailey (R-Massachusetts) * Aaron Harding (D-Kentucky)

Ways and Means

(R-Pennsylvania) (Chairman) * Justin S. Morrill (R-Vermont) *

(D-Missouri) * Elbridge G. Spaulding (R-New York) * William Appleton (R-Massachusetts) * Erastus Corning (D-New York) * Valentine B. Horton (R-Ohio) *

(D-Illinois) *

(R-New Jersey)

Joint committees

Enrolled Bills

* Rep. Bradley F. Granger (R-Michigan) * Rep. George T. Cobb (D-New Jersey)

The Library

* Rep.

(R-Pennsylvania) * Rep.

(R-New York) * Rep.

(D-Indiana)

Caucuses

* Democratic (House) * Democratic (Senate)

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Architect of the Capitol The Architect of the Capitol (AOC) is the federal agency responsible for the maintenance, operation, development, and preservation of the United States Capitol Complex. It is an agency of the legislative branch of the federal government and is ...

: Thomas U. Walter *

Librarian of Congress The Librarian of Congress is the head of the Library of Congress, appointed by the president of the United States with the advice and consent of the United States Senate, for a term of ten years. In addition to overseeing the library, the Libra ...

John Gould Stephenson John Gould Stephenson (March 1, 1828 – November 11, 1883) was an American physician and soldier. He was the fifth Librarian of the United States Congress from 1861 to 1864. He was referred to as the "librarian of the Civil War era" because Ste ...

Senate

Chaplain A chaplain is, traditionally, a cleric (such as a Minister (Christianity), minister, priest, pastor, rabbi, purohit, or imam), or a laity, lay representative of a religious tradition, attached to a secularity, secular institution (such as a hosp ...

Phineas D. Gurley Phineas Densmore Gurley (November 12, 1816 – September 30, 1868) was Chaplain of the United States Senate and pastor of New York Avenue Presbyterian Church in Washington, D.C. Early life Gurley was born in Hamilton, New York, on November ...

(

Presbyterian Presbyterianism is a part of the Reformed tradition within Protestantism that broke from the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland by John Knox, who was a priest at St. Giles Cathedral (Church of Scotland). Presbyterian churches derive their nam ...

), until July 10, 1861 ** Byron Sunderland (

), elected July 10, 1861 *

Secretary A secretary, administrative professional, administrative assistant, executive assistant, administrative officer, administrative support specialist, clerk, military assistant, management assistant, office secretary, or personal assistant is a w ...

: Asbury Dickins, until July 10, 1861 **

John W. Forney John Weiss Forney (30 September 1817 – 9 December 1881) was an American newspaper publisher and politician. He was clerk of the United States House of Representatives from 1851 through 1856, and again from 1860 through 1861. He was thereafter se ...

, elected July 15, 1861 ** William Hickey (Chief Clerk) appointed "Acting Secretary", March 22, 1861 *

Sergeant at Arms Sergeant (abbreviated to Sgt. and capitalized when used as a named person's title) is a rank in many uniformed organizations, principally military and policing forces. The alternative spelling, ''serjeant'', is used in The Rifles and other uni ...

Dunning R. McNair Dunning Robert McNair (April 2, 1797 – March 16, 1875) was the Sergeant at Arms of the United States Senate from March 17, 1853, to July 6, 1861. Biography Dunning R. McNair was born in what would become Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania, on April 2, 17 ...

, until July 6, 1861 **

George T. Brown George may refer to: People * George (given name) * George (surname) * George (singer), American-Canadian singer George Nozuka, known by the mononym George * George Washington, First President of the United States * George W. Bush, 43rd President ...

, elected July 6, 1861

House of Representatives

Thomas H. Stockton Thomas H. Stockton (1808–1868) served as the Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives in 1833, 1835, 1859 and 1861. He was also the pastor of the First Methodist Church in Philadelphia and the editor of ''Christian World''. Stockt ...

(

Methodist Methodism, also called the Methodist movement, is a group of historically related denominations of Protestant Christianity whose origins, doctrine and practice derive from the life and teachings of John Wesley. George Whitefield and John's b ...

), elected July 6, 1861 *

Clerk A clerk is a white-collar worker who conducts general office tasks, or a worker who performs similar sales-related tasks in a retail environment. The responsibilities of clerical workers commonly include record keeping, filing, staffing service ...

, until July 4, 1861 **

Emerson Etheridge Henry Emerson Etheridge (September 28, 1819 – October 21, 1902) was an American politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives for Tennessee's 9th congressional district from 1853 to 1857, and again from 1859 to 1861. ...

, elected July 4, 1861 * Doorkeeper:

Ira Goodnow Ira or IRA may refer to: *Ira (name), a Hebrew, Sanskrit, Russian or Finnish language personal name *Ira (surname), a rare Estonian and some other language family name *Iran, UNDP code IRA Law *Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, US, on status of ...

* Messenger to the Speaker:

Thaddeus Morrice Thaddeus (Latin ''Thaddaeus'', Ancient Greek Θαδδαῖος ''Thaddaĩos'', from Aramaic תדי ''Ṯaday'') is a male given name. As of the 1990 United States census, 1990 Census, ''Thaddeus'' was the 611th most popular male name in the Unit ...

Postmaster A postmaster is the head of an individual post office, responsible for all postal activities in a specific post office. When a postmaster is responsible for an entire mail distribution organization (usually sponsored by a national government), ...

: William S. King * Reading Clerks: *

: Henry William Hoffman, until July 5, 1861 ** Edward Ball, elected July 5, 1861