Thionyl tetrafluoride is an
inorganic compound gas with the
formula S O F4. It is also known as sulfur tetrafluoride oxide. The shape of the molecule is a distorted trigonal bipyramid, with the oxygen found on the equator. The atoms on the equator have shorter bond lengths than the fluorine atoms on the axis. The sulfur oxygen bond is 1.409Å. A S−F bond on the axis has length 1.596Å and the S−F bond on the equator has length 1.539Å. The angle between the equatorial fluorine atoms is 112.8°. The angle between axial fluorine and oxygen is 97.7°. The angle between oxygen and equatorial fluorine is 123.6° and between axial and equatorial fluorine is 85.7°. The fluorine atoms only produce one
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a physical phenomenon in which nuclei in a strong constant magnetic field are perturbed by a weak oscillating magnetic field (in the near field) and respond by producing an electromagnetic signal with ...
line, probably because they
exchange positions.
[
]
Formation
Thionyl fluoride reacting with fluorine gas can produce thionyl tetrafluoride.Harry Julius Emeléus
Harry Julius Emeléus CBE, FRS (22 June 1903 – 2 December 1993) was a leading English inorganic chemist and a professor in the department of chemistry, Cambridge University.
Early life
Emeléus was born in Poplar, London on 22 June 1903, t ...
and A.G. Sharpe ''Advances in Inorganic Chemistry Volume 2'' Academic Press 1960 page 11
/ref> This was how the gas was first discovered by Moissan and Lebeau in 1902. They identified the formula by the pressure changes resulting from the reaction. Silver fluoride Silver fluoride can refer to:
* Silver subfluoride (disilver monofluoride), Ag2F
* Silver(I) fluoride (silver monofluoride, argentous fluoride), AgF
* Silver(II) fluoride (silver difluoride, argentic fluoride), AgF2
* Silver(III) fluoride (silve ...
and platinum
Platinum is a chemical element with the symbol Pt and atomic number 78. It is a dense, malleable, ductile, highly unreactive, precious, silverish-white transition metal. Its name originates from Spanish , a diminutive of "silver".
Pla ...
are capable of catalyzing the reaction.
It can also be formed by heating sulfur hexafluoride with air to 400°. This can happen when inhaling through a lit cigarette. Or the reaction of silver difluoride with thionyl fluoride at 200 degrees. Another way to form it is by electrolyzing hydrogen fluoride with a solution of sulfur dioxide, which also made oxygen difluoride
Oxygen difluoride is a chemical compound with the formula . As predicted by VSEPR theory, the molecule adopts a "bent" molecular geometry. It is strong oxidizer and has attracted attention in rocketry for this reason. With a boiling point of -144.7 ...
and sulfuryl fluoride
Sulfuryl fluoride (also spelled ''sulphuryl fluoride'') is an inorganic compound with the formula SO2F2. It is an easily condensed gas and has properties more similar to sulfur hexafluoride than sulfuryl chloride, being resistant to hydrolysis eve ...
. Also thionyl chloride
Thionyl chloride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula . It is a moderately volatile, colourless liquid with an unpleasant acrid odour. Thionyl chloride is primarily used as a chlorinating reagent, with approximately per year bein ...
or thionyl fluoride electrolyzed with hydrogen fluoride produced even more of the gas.
Reactions
Thionyl tetrafluoride reacts with water to make hydrofluoric acid, sulfurofluoridic acid, and sulfuryl difluoride. Mercury can strip off fluoride to make thionyl fluoride and mercurous fluoride. Strong bases result in formation of fluoride and fluorosulfate
Fluorosulfonate, in organic chemistry, is a functional group that has the chemical formula F-SO2-R, and typically is a very good leaving group. In organic chemistry, fluorosulfonate is different than fluorosulfate. In fluorosulfonates, sulfur a ...
ions.[
]
Click chemistry
Thionyl tetrafluoride can be used in click chemistry through reactions with primary amines known as sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange (SuFEx).[{{Cite journal, last1=Li, first1=Suhua, last2=Wu, first2=Peng, last3=Moses, first3=John E., last4=Sharpless, first4=K. Barry, date=2017-02-01, title=Multidimensional SuFEx Click Chemistry: Sequential Sulfur(VI) Fluoride Exchange Connections of Diverse Modules Launched From An SOF4 Hub, journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition, language=en, pages=2903–2908, doi=10.1002/anie.201611048, pmid=28165188, pmc=5434761, issn=1521-3773, volume=56, issue=11] This kind of reaction was the first "click" reaction to generate a three-dimensional core.
References
*http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2946661.html
Thionyl compounds
Oxyfluorides
Sulfur(VI) compounds
Sulfur oxohalides