David Hyerle is an author and creator of a thought-organization methodology called " Thinking Maps" that is popular in public schools in the United States.

Thinking Maps

In 1988, David Hyerle wrote ''Expand Your Thinking'' and introduced Thinking Maps. These are a set of techniques used in

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and

secondary education Secondary education or post-primary education covers two phases on the International Standard Classification of Education scale. Level 2 or lower secondary education (less commonly junior secondary education) is considered the second and final ph ...

with the intention of providing a common visual language to information structure. There are eight types of maps: *

Circle Map In mathematics, particularly in dynamical systems, Arnold tongues (named after Vladimir Arnold) Section 12 in page 78 has a figure showing Arnold tongues. are a pictorial phenomenon that occur when visualizing how the rotation number of a dynam ...

: used for defining in context *

Bubble Map A concept map or conceptual diagram is a diagram that depicts suggested relationships between concepts. Concept maps may be used by instructional designers, engineers, technical writers, and others to organize and structure knowledge. A conce ...

: used for describing with adjectives *

Flow Map A flow map is a type of thematic map that uses linear symbols to represent movement. It may thus be considered a hybrid of a map and a flow diagram. The movement being mapped may be that of anything, including people, highway traffic, trade good ...

: used for sequencing and ordering events * Brace Map: used for identifying part/whole relationships *

Tree Map In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are u ...

: used for classifying or grouping * Double Bubble Map: used for comparing and contrasting * Multi-flow map: used for analysing causes and effects * Bridge map: used for illustrating analogies He believed that all K-12 educators teach the same thought processes regardless of grade level and regardless of what terms were used to refer to them. Thinking Maps were intended to standardize the language and visual organization used in education, which the company believed would close the

achievement gap Achievement may refer to: *Achievement (heraldry) *Achievement (horse), a racehorse *Achievement (video gaming), a meta-goal defined outside of a game's parameters See also * Achievement test for student assessment * Achiever, a personality typ ...

by establishing common ground. The idea was that if all children have the same background knowledge, less time would be spent teaching and re-teaching thought processes. Hyerle also thought these techniques would promote

metacognition Metacognition is an awareness of one's thought processes and an understanding of the patterns behind them. The term comes from the root word '' meta'', meaning "beyond", or "on top of".Metcalfe, J., & Shimamura, A. P. (1994). ''Metacognition: knowi ...

and continuous

cognitive development Cognitive development is a field of study in neuroscience and psychology focusing on a child's development in terms of information processing, conceptual resources, perceptual skill, language learning, and other aspects of the developed adult bra ...

over the course of a student's academic career.Hyerle, D. (2011). ''Student successes with Thinking Maps, Second edition''. Thousand Oaks: Corwin Press.

References

American male writers Living people Year of birth missing (living people) Place of birth missing (living people) {{US-writer-stub