''Thielaviopsis'' is a small
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of
fungi
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from ...
in the
order Microascales
The Microascales are an order of fungi in the class Sordariomycetes, subclass Hypocreomycetidae. This is a relatively small order of mostly saprobic fungi that live in soil, rotting vegetation and dung. Some species are plant pathogens, such as ...
,
and family
Ceratocystidaceae
The Ceratocystidaceae are a family of fungi in the class Sordariomycetes, subclass Hypocreomycetidae.
Genera
*'' Ambrosiella''
*'' Ceratocystis''
*'' Chalaropsis''
*'' Endoconidiophora''
*'' Gabarnaudia''
*'' Gondwanamyces''
*'' Huntiella''
*'' ...
.
The genus includes several important
agricultural
Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating Plant, plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of Sedentism, sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of Domestication, domesticated species created food ...
based
pathogens
In biology, a pathogen ( el, πάθος, "suffering", "passion" and , "producer of") in the oldest and broadest sense, is any organism or agent that can produce disease. A pathogen may also be referred to as an infectious agent, or simply a germ ...
. The most widespread is ''T. basicola'', the causal agent in several root rot diseases of economically important crop species including
cotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus ''Gossypium'' in the mallow family Malvaceae. The fiber is almost pure cellulose, and can contain minor perce ...
and a variety of
vegetables
Vegetables are parts of plants that are consumed by humans or other animals as food. The original meaning is still commonly used and is applied to plants collectively to refer to all edible plant matter, including the flowers, fruits, stems, ...
. In cotton, ''Thielaviopsis'' causes root rot, also known as ''black root rot'', which causes
necrosis
Necrosis () is a form of cell injury which results in the premature death of cells in living tissue by autolysis. Necrosis is caused by factors external to the cell or tissue, such as infection, or trauma which result in the unregulated dige ...
of the roots and stunting of the crop plants.
The genus name of ''Thielavia'' is in honour of Friedrich Joachim Sigismund von Thielau (1796–1870), who was a German forester and landowner in
Breslau.
Species
As accepted by
Species Fungorum
''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names (scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and the Institute of Mi ...
;
*''
Thielaviopsis abuensis
''Thielaviopsis'' is a small genus of fungi in the order Microascales, and family Ceratocystidaceae. The genus includes several important agricultural based pathogens. The most widespread is ''T. basicola'', the causal agent in several root rot ...
''
*''
Thielaviopsis cerberus
''Thielaviopsis'' is a small genus of fungi in the order Microascales, and family Ceratocystidaceae. The genus includes several important agricultural based pathogens. The most widespread is ''T. basicola'', the causal agent in several root rot ...
''
*''
Thielaviopsis ethacetica
''Ceratocystis paradoxa'' or Black Rot of Pineapple is a plant pathogen that is a fungus, part of the phylum Ascomycota. It is characterized as the teleomorph or sexual reproduction stage of infection. This stage contains ascocarps, or sacs/fruit ...
''
*''
Thielaviopsis musarum
''Thielaviopsis'' is a small genus of fungi in the order Microascales, and family Ceratocystidaceae. The genus includes several important agricultural based pathogens. The most widespread is ''T. basicola'', the causal agent in several root rot ...
''
*''
Thielaviopsis populi
''Thielaviopsis'' is a small genus of fungi in the order Microascales, and family Ceratocystidaceae. The genus includes several important agricultural based pathogens. The most widespread is ''T. basicola'', the causal agent in several root rot ...
''
*''
Thielaviopsis radicicola
''Thielaviopsis'' is a small genus of fungi in the order Microascales, and family Ceratocystidaceae. The genus includes several important agricultural based pathogens. The most widespread is ''T. basicola'', the causal agent in several root rot ...
''
*''
Thielaviopsis wallemiiformis
''Thielaviopsis'' is a small genus of fungi in the order Microascales, and family Ceratocystidaceae. The genus includes several important agricultural based pathogens. The most widespread is ''T. basicola'', the causal agent in several root rot ...
''
Former species;
(assume family Ceratocystidaceae if not mentioned)
*''T. australis'' = ''
Davidsoniella australis''
*''T. basicola'' = ''
Berkeleyomyces basicola''
*''T. eucalypti'' = ''
Davidsoniella eucalypti''
*''T. euricoi'' = ''
Ceratocystis euricoi
''Ceratocystis'' is a genus of fungi in the family Ceratocystidaceae. Several species are important plant pathogens, causing diseases such as oak wilt and pineapple black rot.
Species
*'' Ceratocystis acericola''
*'' Ceratocystis acoma''
*'' ...
''
*''T. neocaledoniae'' = ''
Davidsoniella neocaledoniae''
*''T. neocaledoniae'' = ''
Davidsoniella neocaledoniae''
*''T. ovoidea'' = ''
Chalaropsis ovoidea
''Chalaropsis'' is a monotypic genus of fungi
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These orga ...
''
*''T. paradoxa'' = ''
Ceratocystis paradoxa''
*''T. paradoxa'' var. ''musarum'' = ''Thielaviopsis musarum''
*''T. punctulata'' = ''Thielaviopsis radicicola''
*''T. quercina'' = ''
Ceratocystis fagacearum
''Ceratocystis'' is a genus of fungi in the family Ceratocystidaceae. Several species are important plant pathogens, causing diseases such as oak wilt and pineapple black rot.
Species
*'' Ceratocystis acericola''
*'' Ceratocystis acoma''
*' ...
''
*''T. thielavioides'' = ''
Ceratocystis paradoxa''
*''T. ungeri'' = ''
Chalara ungeri
''Thielaviopsis'' is a small genus of fungi in the order Microascales, and family Ceratocystidaceae. The genus includes several important agricultural based pathogens. The most widespread is ''T. basicola'', the causal agent in several root rot ...
'',
Pezizellaceae
References
Microascales
Fungal plant pathogens and diseases
Sordariomycetes genera
{{Microascales-stub