Theelia Heptalampra
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''Theelia'' is an extinct
genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of
sea cucumber Sea cucumbers are echinoderms from the class Holothuroidea (). They are marine animals with a leathery skin and an elongated body containing a single, branched gonad. Sea cucumbers are found on the sea floor worldwide. The number of holothuria ...
s that existed from 312 to 40.4 million years ago (
Middle Pennsylvanian The Pennsylvanian ( , also known as Upper Carboniferous or Late Carboniferous) is, in the ICS geologic timescale, the younger of two subperiods (or upper of two subsystems) of the Carboniferous Period. It lasted from roughly . As with most o ...
to the
Lutetian The Lutetian is, in the geologic timescale, a stage or age in the Eocene. It spans the time between . The Lutetian is preceded by the Ypresian and is followed by the Bartonian. Together with the Bartonian it is sometimes referred to as the Midd ...
age).
Fossil A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved ...
sclerite A sclerite (Greek , ', meaning "hard") is a hardened body part. In various branches of biology the term is applied to various structures, but not as a rule to vertebrate anatomical features such as bones and teeth. Instead it refers most commonly ...
s of ''Theelia'' are found worldwide.


Taxonomy

Numerous
species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...
are assigned to the genus ''Theelia'', they include the following: * †'' Theelia alta'' Speckmann 1968 * †'' Theelia alveata'' Mostler and Rahimi-Yazd 1976 * †'' Theelia anguinea'' Mostler 1971 * †'' Theelia conglobata'' Mostler 1971 * †'' Theelia convexa'' Whidborne 1883 * †'' Theelia crassidentata'' Deflandre-Rigaud 1950 * †'' Theelia dentata'' Górka and Luszczewska 1969 * †'' Theelia doreckae'' Kozur and Mostler 1971 * †'' Theelia dzhulfaensis'' Mostler and Rahimi-Yazd 1976 * †''
Theelia fastigata ''Theelia'' is an extinct genus of sea cucumbers that existed from 312 to 40.4 million years ago (Middle Pennsylvanian to the Lutetian age). Fossil sclerites of ''Theelia'' are found worldwide. Taxonomy Numerous species are assigned to the genu ...
'' Mostler 1972 * †'' Theelia fissa'' Mostler 1971 * †'' Theelia florida'' Frizzell and Exline 1955 * †'' Theelia guembeli'' Kristan-Tollmann 1963 * †'' Theelia heptalampra'' (Bartenstein, 1936) * †''
Theelia hexacneme ''Theelia'' is an extinct genus of sea cucumbers that existed from 312 to 40.4 million years ago (Middle Pennsylvanian to the Lutetian age). Fossil sclerites of ''Theelia'' are found worldwide. Taxonomy Numerous species are assigned to the genu ...
'' Summerson and Campbell 1958 * †''
Theelia immisorbicula ''Theelia'' is an extinct genus of sea cucumbers that existed from 312 to 40.4 million years ago (Middle Pennsylvanian to the Lutetian age). Fossil sclerites of ''Theelia'' are found worldwide. Taxonomy Numerous species are assigned to the genu ...
'' Mostler 1968 * †''
Theelia koeveskalensis ''Theelia'' is an extinct genus of sea cucumbers that existed from 312 to 40.4 million years ago (Middle Pennsylvanian to the Lutetian age). Fossil sclerites of ''Theelia'' are found worldwide. Taxonomy Numerous species are assigned to the genu ...
'' Kozur and Mostler 1971 * †''
Theelia kutscheri ''Theelia'' is an extinct genus of sea cucumbers that existed from 312 to 40.4 million years ago (Middle Pennsylvanian to the Lutetian age). Fossil sclerites of ''Theelia'' are found worldwide. Taxonomy Numerous species are assigned to the genu ...
'' Reich, 2003 * †''
Theelia lanceolata ''Theelia'' is an extinct genus of sea cucumbers that existed from 312 to 40.4 million years ago (Middle Pennsylvanian to the Lutetian age). Fossil sclerites of ''Theelia'' are found worldwide. Taxonomy Numerous species are assigned to the genu ...
'' (Schlumberger, 1890) * †''
Theelia lata ''Theelia'' is an extinct genus of sea cucumbers that existed from 312 to 40.4 million years ago (Middle Pennsylvanian to the Lutetian age). Fossil sclerites of ''Theelia'' are found worldwide. Taxonomy Numerous species are assigned to the genu ...
'' Kozur and Mostler 1971 * †''
Theelia latimarginata ''Theelia'' is an extinct genus of sea cucumbers that existed from 312 to 40.4 million years ago (Middle Pennsylvanian to the Lutetian age). Fossil sclerites of ''Theelia'' are found worldwide. Taxonomy Numerous species are assigned to the genu ...
'' Mostler 1971 * †''
Theelia liptovskaensis ''Theelia'' is an extinct genus of sea cucumbers that existed from 312 to 40.4 million years ago (Middle Pennsylvanian to the Lutetian age). Fossil sclerites of ''Theelia'' are found worldwide. Taxonomy Numerous species are assigned to the genu ...
'' Gazdzicki et al. 1978 * †''
Theelia mesopermiana ''Theelia'' is an extinct genus of sea cucumbers that existed from 312 to 40.4 million years ago (Middle Pennsylvanian to the Lutetian age). Fossil sclerites of ''Theelia'' are found worldwide. Taxonomy Numerous species are assigned to the genu ...
'' Kozur and Mostler 1989 * †''
Theelia monicae ''Theelia'' is an extinct genus of sea cucumbers that existed from 312 to 40.4 million years ago (Middle Pennsylvanian to the Lutetian age). Fossil sclerites of ''Theelia'' are found worldwide. Taxonomy Numerous species are assigned to the genu ...
'' Mostler and Rahimi-Yazd 1976 * †'' Theelia mortenseni'' (Deflandre-Rigaud, 1951) * †'' Theelia multiplex'' Speckmann 1968 * †'' Theelia norica'' Mostler 1969 * †'' Theelia petasiformis'' Kristan-Tolmann 1964 * †'' Theelia planata'' Mostler 1968 * †'' Theelia polydenticulata'' Mostler and Parwin 1973 * †'' Theelia praeacuta'' Mostler and Rahimi-Yazd 1976 * †'' Theelia praenorica'' Kozur and Mock 1972 * †'' Theelia praeseniradiata'' Kozur and Mock 1972 * †'' Theelia pseudoplanata'' Kozur and Mock 1972 * †'' Theelia seniradiata'' Zankl 1966 * †'' Theelia serta'' Speckmann 1968 * †'' Theelia sinaiensis'' Said and Barakat 1958 * †'' Theelia speciosa'' (Deflandre-Rigaud, 1946) * †'' Theelia staurolithensis'' Kristan-Tolmann 1972 * †'' Theelia stellifera'' Zankl 1966 * †'' Theelia synapta'' Gilliland 1992 * †'' Theelia teneromarginata'' Mostler 1971 * †'' Theelia terquemi'' (Deflandre-Rigaud, 1951) * †'' Theelia trammeri'' Gazdzicki et al. 1978 * †'' Theelia undata'' Mostler 1968 * †'' Theelia undulata'' (Schlumberger, 1890) * †'' Theelia variabilis'' Zankl 1966 * †'' Theelia wartensis'' Garbowska and Wierzbowski 1967 * †'' Theelia zawidzkae'' Kozur and Mock 1972


References

Chiridotidae Prehistoric sea cucumber genera Pennsylvanian first appearances Lutetian extinctions {{paleo-holothuroidea-stub