''Rumuz-e-Bekhudi'' ( fa, ; or ''The Secrets of Selflessness''; published in

Persian Persian may refer to: * People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language ** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples ** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...

, 1918) was the second philosophical poetry book of

Allama Iqbal Sir Muhammad Iqbal ( ur, ; 9 November 187721 April 1938), was a South Asian Muslim writer, philosopher, Quote: "In Persian, ... he published six volumes of mainly long poems between 1915 and 1936, ... more or less complete works on philoso ...

, a poet-philosopher of the

Indian subcontinent The Indian subcontinent is a list of the physiographic regions of the world, physiographical region in United Nations geoscheme for Asia#Southern Asia, Southern Asia. It is situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian O ...

. This is a sequel to his first book ''

Asrar-e-Khudi ''Asrar-i-Khudi'' ( fa, , ''The Secrets of the Self''; published in Persian, 1915) was the first philosophical poetry book of Allama Iqbal, the great poet-philosopher of British India. This book deals mainly with the individual, while his second ...

'' (''The Secrets of the Self'').

Introduction

Also in Persian and published in

1918 This year is noted for the end of the First World War, on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month, as well as for the Spanish flu pandemic that killed 50–100 million people worldwide. Events Below, the events ...

, this group of poems has as its main themes the ideal

community A community is a social unit (a group of living things) with commonality such as place, norms, religion, values, customs, or identity. Communities may share a sense of place situated in a given geographical area (e.g. a country, village, tow ...

, Islamic ethical and social principles, and the relationship between the individual and society. Although he is true throughout to Islam, Iqbal recognizes also the positive analogous aspects of other religions. The ''Rumuz-i-Bekhudi'' (''Secrets of Selflessness'') complements the emphasis on the self in the ''Asrar-i-Khudi'' and the two collections are often put in the same volume under the title ''Asrar-o-Rumuz''.

A.J. Arberry Arthur John Arberry (12 May 1905, in Portsmouth – 2 October 1969, in Cambridge) FBA was a British scholar of Arabic literature, Persian studies, and Islamic studies. He was educated at Portsmouth Grammar School and Pembroke College, Cambri ...

's famous English translation of the ''Rumuz'' first appeared in 1953. ''Rumuz-i-Bekhudi'' is addressed to the world's

Muslims Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abraha ...

. Iqbal sees the individual and his community as reflections of each other. The individual needs to be strengthened before he can be integrated into the community, whose development in turn depends on the preservation of the communal ego. It is through contact with others that an ego learns to accept the limitations of its own freedom and the meaning of love. Muslim communities must ensure order in life and must therefore preserve their communal tradition. It is in this context that Iqbal sees the vital role of

women A woman is an adult female human. Prior to adulthood, a female human is referred to as a girl (a female child or Adolescence, adolescent). The plural ''women'' is sometimes used in certain phrases such as "women's rights" to denote female hum ...

, who as mothers are directly responsible for inculcating values in their children.

Topics

* Preface * Dedication to the

Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...

Community * PRELUDE: Of the Bond between

Individual An individual is that which exists as a distinct entity. Individuality (or self-hood) is the state or quality of being an individual; particularly (in the case of humans) of being a person unique from other people and possessing one's own Maslow ...

and

Community A community is a social unit (a group of living things) with commonality such as place, norms, religion, values, customs, or identity. Communities may share a sense of place situated in a given geographical area (e.g. a country, village, tow ...

* That the Community is made up of the Mingling of Individuals, and owes the Perfecting of its Education to Prophethood * The Pillars of Islam - First Pillar: the Unity of God * That Despair, Grief and Fear are the Mother of Abominations, destroying Life; and that Belief in the Unity of God puts an end to those Foul Diseases. * Conversation of the

Arrow An arrow is a fin-stabilized projectile launched by a bow. A typical arrow usually consists of a long, stiff, straight shaft with a weighty (and usually sharp and pointed) arrowhead attached to the front end, multiple fin-like stabilizers c ...

and the

Sword A sword is an edged, bladed weapon intended for manual cutting or thrusting. Its blade, longer than a knife or dagger, is attached to a hilt and can be straight or curved. A thrusting sword tends to have a straighter blade with a pointed ti ...

* Emperor Alamgir and the

Tiger The tiger (''Panthera tigris'') is the largest living cat species and a member of the genus '' Panthera''. It is most recognisable for its dark vertical stripes on orange fur with a white underside. An apex predator, it primarily preys on u ...

* Second Pillar : Apostleship * That the Purpose of

Muhammad Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 Common Era, CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Muhammad in Islam, Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet Divine inspiration, di ...

’s Mission was to found Freedom, Equality and Brotherhood among all mankind. * The story of Bu Ubaid and Jaban, in Illustration of Muslim Brotherhood * The Story of Sultan Murad and the Architect, in Illustration of Muslim Equality * Concerning Muslim Freedom and the Secret of the Tragedy of

Kerbela Karbala or Kerbala ( ar, كَرْبَلَاء, Karbalāʾ , , also ;) is a city in central Iraq, located about southwest of Baghdad, and a few miles east of Lake Milh, also known as Razzaza Lake. Karbala is the capital of Karbala Governorat ...

* That since the Muhammadan Community is Founded upon Belief in One God and Apostleship, therefore it is not Bounded by Space * That the Country is not the Foundation of the Community * The season of the rose endures beyond * That the Organization of the Community is only Possible through Law, and that the Law of the Muhammadan Community is the

Koran The Quran (, ; Standard Arabic: , Quranic Arabic: , , 'the recitation'), also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation from God. It is organized in 114 chapters (pl.: , si ...

* That in Times of Decadence Strict Conformity is Better than Free Speculation * That the Maturity of Communal Life Derives from Following the Divine Law

* That a Good Communal Character Derives from Discipline According to the Manners of the Prophet * That the Life of the Community Requires a Visible Focus, and that the Focus of the Islamic Community is

Mecca Mecca (; officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah ()) is a city and administrative center of the Mecca Province of Saudi Arabia, and the Holiest sites in Islam, holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red ...

’s Sacred House * That True Solidarity Consists in Adopting a Fixed Communal Objective, and that the Objective of the Muhammadan Community is the Preservation and Propagation of

Unitarianism Unitarianism (from Latin ''unitas'' "unity, oneness", from ''unus'' "one") is a nontrinitarian branch of Christian theology. Most other branches of Christianity and the major Churches accept the doctrine of the Trinity which states that there i ...

* That the Expansion of Communal Life Depends upon Controlling the Forces of World Order * That the Perfection of communal Life is Attained when the Community, like the Individual, Discovers the Sensation of Self; and that the Propagation and Perfecting of this Sensation can be Realized through Guarding the Communal Traditions * That the Continuance of the Species Derives from Motherhood; and that the Preservation and Honouring of Motherhood is the Foundation of Islam * That the Lady

Fatima Fāṭima bint Muḥammad ( ar, فَاطِمَة ٱبْنَت مُحَمَّد}, 605/15–632 CE), commonly known as Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ (), was the daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his wife Khadija. Fatima's husband was Ali, th ...

is the Perfect Pattern of Muslim Womanhood * Address to the Veiled Ladies of Islam. * Summary of the purport of the poem * In Exegesis of the Sura of Pure Faith: “Say: He is God, One” * “God, the Self-Subsistent” * “He Begat Not, Neither Was He Begotten” * “And There is Not Any Equal Unto Him” * The Author's Memorial to him who is a mercy to all living beings

Introduction

Topics

Notes

See also

External links