The Thai National Anthem ( th, เพลงชาติไทย, translit=Phleng chāt Thai ) is the title of
Thailand
Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is bo ...
's
national anthem
A national anthem is a patriotic musical composition symbolizing and evoking eulogies of the history and traditions of a country or nation. The majority of national anthems are marches or hymns in style. American, Central Asian, and European n ...
, which was adopted in its current form on 10 December 1939. It replaced "
Sansoen Phra Barami
"Sansoen Phra Barami" ( th, สรรเสริญพระบารมี, ; ) is the current royal anthem of Thailand. It was a de facto national anthem of Siam before 1932.
History
The first song to be used as royal anthem and de facto ...
" in 1932, which remains as the
royal anthem
The anthem for a person, office or rank is music played on formal or ceremonial occasions in the presence of the person, office-holder, or rank-holder, especially by a military band. The head of state in many countries is honored with a prescribe ...
of Thailand. The melody was composed by
Phra Chenduriyang (Peter Feit), and the words were made by
Luang Saranupraphan. ''Phleng chāt'' ( th, เพลงชาติ), literally meaning "national anthem", is a general term for a national anthem. The term is also used to refer to this specific song.
Periodization
})
(Glorify the King Narai) , , 1687–1688 , ,
Sri Ayutthaya ( th, ศรีอยุธยา) Unofficial National Anthem in 1946–1949
, -
,
Chom Rat Chong Charoen( th, จอมราชจงเจริญ)
(Long Live the Great King) , , 1852–1871 , , Siamese
Rattanakosin period royal anthem and national anthem, introduced by
King Mongkut
Mongkut ( th, มงกุฏ; 18 October 18041 October 1868) was the fourth monarch of Siam (Thailand) under the House of Chakri, titled Rama IV. He ruled from 1851 to 1868. His full title in Thai was ''Phra Bat Somdet Phra Menthora Ramathibo ...
(used the melody of
God Save the King
"God Save the King" is the national anthem, national and/or royal anthem of the United Kingdom, most of the Commonwealth realms, their territories, and the British Crown Dependencies. The author of the tune is unknown and it may originate in ...
)
, -
,
Bulan Loi Luean( th, บุหลันลอยเลื่อน)
(The Floating Moon On the Sky) , , 1871–1888 , , which was the royal composition of King
Buddha Loetla Nabhalai
Phra Phutthaloetla Naphalai ( th, พระพุทธเลิศหล้านภาลัย, 24 February 1767 – 21 July 1824), personal name Chim ( th, ฉิม), also styled as Rama II, was the second monarch of Siam under the Chakri ...
(Rama II) for use as the new anthem. King Chulalongkorn later ordered Mr.Heutsen, a Dutch bandmaster who served in the Royal Siamese Army, to arrange the song in western style for performing by the military band. According to a research of
Sugree Charoensuk, an associate professor from
Mahidol University
Mahidol University (Mahidol), an autonomous research institution in Thailand, had its origin in the establishment of Siriraj Hospital in 1888. Mahidol had an acceptance rate for Medicine of 0.4% as of the 2016 academic year.
Becoming the Univers ...
, the melody of this anthem may be the same tune with another anthem named
Sansoen Suea Pa ( th, เพลงสรรเสริญเสือป่า : Tiger Corps Hymn) which was used as the anthem of the
Wild Tiger Corps
The Wild Tiger Corps ( th, กองเสือป่า) was a national paramilitary corps founded in Thailand in 1911 by King Vajiravudh (Rama VI). Inspired by the British Volunteer Force, the unit was intended to maintain civil order.
The W ...
since 1911.
, -
,
Sansoen Phra Barami
"Sansoen Phra Barami" ( th, สรรเสริญพระบารมี, ; ) is the current royal anthem of Thailand. It was a de facto national anthem of Siam before 1932.
History
The first song to be used as royal anthem and de facto ...
( th, สรรเสริญพระบารมี)
(Glorify His Prestige) , , 1888–1932
Royal anthem since 1932 , , Rattanakosin period national anthem
, -
,
Maha Chai
Samut Sakhon ( th, สมุทรสาคร, Pronunciation is a City in Thailand, capital of Samut Sakhon province. It is a stop on the Maeklong Railway. Samut Sakhon is 48 km from Bangkok.
It is part of the Bangkok Metropolitan Region ...
( th, มหาชัย)
(Grand Victory) , , 1895
Provisional National Anthem in 1932 , , Other members of the royal family and colours party of the unit colour in slow march
, -
,
Phleng Maha Nimit( th, ตระนิมิตร / มหานิมิตร)
(Grand Vision) , , 1934 , ,
, -
, Phleng Chat Siam
Phleng Chat Thai
( th, เพลงชาติสยาม / เพลงชาติไทย) , , 1932–1946
1949–present , , After
Siamese revolution of 1932, the anthem was classified into 2 factions, Phleng Chat Thai was used as national anthem and Sansoen Phra Barami was still used as royal anthem. In 1939 the country's name was changed from Siam to Thailand and the anthem's lyrics was changed from the words Siam to Thai.
Historical background
National anthem before 1932
Before 1932,
Sansoen Phra Barami
"Sansoen Phra Barami" ( th, สรรเสริญพระบารมี, ; ) is the current royal anthem of Thailand. It was a de facto national anthem of Siam before 1932.
History
The first song to be used as royal anthem and de facto ...
(the Royal Anthem) was used as the national anthem of Siam.
National anthem after 1932
The anthem was composed a few days after the
revolution of 1932 in the tune vaguely similar to the national anthem of
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...
,
Poland Is Not Yet Lost
( " Dąbrowski's Mazurka"), in English officially known by its incipit Poland Is Not Yet Lost, is the national anthem of the Republic of Poland.
The original lyrics were written by Józef Wybicki in Reggio Emilia, in Northern Italy, betwee ...
, and was first broadcast in July 1932. The original lyrics were by
Khun Wichitmatra
Sanga Kanchanakphan ( th, สง่า กาญจนาคพันธุ์; ; 7 July 1897 – 2 July 1980), also known by the noble title Khun Wichitmatra ( th, ขุนวิจิตรมาตรา; ), wrote the lyrics of the Thai Nation ...
.
Phleng Chat Siam (Khun Wichitmatra lyrics, 1932–1934)
First national anthem competition (1934)
In 1934, Thai government launched competitions for the official national anthem, for both melody and lyrics. Changwang Tua Phathayakoson (จางวางทั่ว พัทยโกศล) composed a tune in a traditional style called ''Phleng Maha Nimit'', but Phra Chenduriyang's melody was selected because it sounded more modern.
Second national anthem competition
After that, in the competition for the lyrics with Phra Chenduriyang's music, the original words by Khun Wichitmatra took first prize. They were in use until 1939, with a minor edit and an additional version written by second prize winner Chan Khamvilai (ฉันท์ ขำวิไล) adopted in 1934.
History of Thai National anthem from Rakbankerd.com
Phleng Chat Siam (Chan Khamvilai lyrics, 1934–1939)
Thai Cultural Revolution
In 1939, when the name of the country was changed from Siam
Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 mi ...
to Thailand, a competition was launched to create new lyrics, with those by Luang Saranupraphan winning. Thai prime minister
The prime minister of Thailand ( th, นายกรัฐมนตรี, , ; literally 'chief minister of state') is the head of government of Thailand. The prime minister is also the chair of the Cabinet of Thailand. The post has existed s ...
Plaek Phibunsongkhram
Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram ( th, แปลก พิบูลสงคราม ; alternatively transcribed as ''Pibulsongkram'' or ''Pibulsonggram''; 14 July 1897 – 11 June 1964), locally known as Marshal P. ( th, จอมพล ...
ordered the anthem to be played every day at 08:00 and 18:00 (8 AM and 6 PM), and ordered the populace to stand up to show respect for the nation. Nowadays, the morning and evening anthems correspond to the hoisting and lowering of the national flags in public areas (e.g. schools, workplaces, public buildings), respectively; hence, the anthem is broadcast by both radio and television channels twice per day from 1980's.
Current lyrics
See also
* "Sansoen Phra Barami
"Sansoen Phra Barami" ( th, สรรเสริญพระบารมี, ; ) is the current royal anthem of Thailand. It was a de facto national anthem of Siam before 1932.
History
The first song to be used as royal anthem and de facto ...
" (Thai national anthem before 1932, still used as the royal anthem)
* Thaification
Thaification, or Thai-ization, is the process by which people of different cultural and ethnic origins living in Thailand become assimilated to the dominant culture of Thailand, that of central Thailand.
Thaification was a step in the creation ...
Notes
References
External links
Recordings of the National and Royal Anthem of Thailand and others honor musics
fro
Thai Government Public Relations Department
Thailand: ''Phleng Chat Thai'' - Audio of the national anthem of Thailand, with information and lyrics
เพลงชาติไทย (Thai National Anthem)
*
English lyrics to the Thai National Anthem
A website dedicated to information on Thai National Anthem (Thai Language)
{{Authority control
Thailand
Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is bo ...
National symbols of Thailand
Thai culture
Thai songs
Articles containing video clips
National anthems
National anthem compositions in C major