Bandar Lampung (

Lampung Lampung (Lampung: ), officially the Province of Lampung ( id, Provinsi Lampung) is a province of Indonesia. It is located on the southern tip of the island of Sumatra. It has a short border with the province of Bengkulu to the northwest, and a ...

, ''Kutak Bandarlampung'', formerly

Dutch Dutch commonly refers to: * Something of, from, or related to the Netherlands * Dutch people () * Dutch language () Dutch may also refer to: Places * Dutch, West Virginia, a community in the United States * Pennsylvania Dutch Country People E ...

: ''Oosthaven'', lit. "Eastern Harbor") is the

capital Capital may refer to: Common uses * Capital city, a municipality of primary status ** List of national capital cities * Capital letter, an upper-case letter Economics and social sciences * Capital (economics), the durable produced goods used f ...

and largest city of the

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

province A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or sovereign state, state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''Roman province, provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire ...

. Located on the southern tip of

Sumatra Sumatra is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the sixth-largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 (182,812 mi.2), not including adjacent i ...

, Bandar Lampung was originally called ''Tanjungkarang–Telukbetung'', since it was a unification of two major settlements in Lampung, before being renamed in 1983. The city proper and

South Lampung Regency South Lampung Regency ( id, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan) is a regency of Lampung, Sumatra, Indonesia, a strip of land surrounding the provincial capital of Bandar Lampung on its northern and eastern sides, and bounded to the west by the new Pesawaran ...

(which borders the city on its northern and eastern sides) are major

transmigrasi The transmigration program ( id, , from Dutch, ''transmigratie'') was an initiative of the Dutch colonial government and later continued by the Indonesian government to move landless people from densely populated areas of Indonesia to less pop ...

recipients; in testimony thereof, it has become the fourth-largest city in the

region In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as zones, lands or territories, are areas that are broadly divided by physical characteristics (physical geography), human impact characteristics (human geography), and the interaction of humanity and t ...

, after

Medan Medan (; English: ) is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of North Sumatra, as well as a regional hub and financial centre of Sumatra. According to the National Development Planning Agency, Medan is one of the four main ...

Palembang Palembang () is the capital city of the Indonesian province of South Sumatra. The city proper covers on both banks of the Musi River on the eastern lowland of southern Sumatra. It had a population of 1,668,848 at the 2020 Census. Palembang ...

and

Batam Batam is the largest city in the province of Riau Islands, Indonesia. The city administrative area covers three main islands of Batam, Rempang, and Galang (collectively called Barelang), as well as several small islands. Batam Island is the cor ...

. The city's area is about 197.22 km², with a census population of 790,057 in 2005, 881,801 in 2010, 977,686 in 2015 and 1,166,066 in 2020.

History

Bandar Lampung is the capital city of

Lampung Province Lampung (Lampung: ), officially the Province of Lampung ( id, Provinsi Lampung) is a province of Indonesia. It is located on the southern tip of the island of Sumatra. It has a short border with the province of Bengkulu to the northwest, and a ...

, before it was named Bandar Lampung, this city was named Tanjung Karang-Teluk Betung City. Historically, before becoming Bandar Lampung City, it was a combination of the two twin cities of Tanjung Karang and Teluk Betung City, the two twin cities were previously part of

. This naming is because at that the city of Bandar Lampung consisted of the city of Tanjung Karang and city of Teluk Betung, in 1982 there was an expansion of the territory with the entry of three new districts

Early history

A report by the Banten regent William Craft to Governor-General

Cornelis Speelman Cornelis Janszoon Speelman (2 March 1628 – 11 January 1684) was Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1681 to 1684. Cornelis Janszoon Speelman was the son of a Rotterdam merchant. He was born on 2 March 1628. In his 16th year, he left ...

states that, on the basis of a description provided by Pangeran Aria Dipati Ningrat on 17 June 1682, "Lampung-Telokbetong at the edge of the sea is the seat of power of a ''Dipati Temenggung Nata Negara'', with power over three thousand people". This date would later be adopted by the city administration as its official founding date.

Dutch East Indies

COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Plein met kantoren in Teloekbetoeng de Lampongsche Districten op Zuid-Sumatra

Under the Dutch colonial administration, 1912 Staatsblad 462 codified the city as being part and parcel of the ''Onderafdeling Telokbetong,'' composed of present-day Teluk Betung and its environs. The ''Onderafdeling's'' capital was

Tanjung Karang Tanjong Karang is a mukim in Kuala Selangor District, Selangor, Malaysia. It is loosely translated into English as the "Cape of Corals". Tanjong Karang town is divided by the Sungai Tengi at the middle but connected with a bridge. The local C ...

, whilst Telukbetung itself served as the seat of government for the ''Karesidenan Lampung.''

Tanjungkarang Formerly

Bandar Lampung, formerly Tanjungkarang-Telukbetung, kota (city), capital of Lampung provinsi (or provinsi; province), Indonesia. It lies at the head of Lampung Bay on the south coast of the island of Sumatra. Bandar Lampung was created in the 1980s from the amalgamation of the former provincial capital, Tanjungkarang, with the port of Telukbetung. The city's cottage industries include metalworking, hand-weaving, and pottery and tile making. With air, road, and rail connections, Bandar Lampung is the chief potr and transportation centre for the surrounding agricultural area, which produces rubber, tea, coffee, and pepper for export. The main port of Lampung is Long Harbor, Bakauheni Harbor, fishing port such as Fish (Telukbetung), Tarahan, and Kalianda in Lampung Bay, while in the Bay Watermelon is Kota Agung (Regency Tanggamus), and in the Java Sea there are as well as fishing ports such as Labuhan Maringgai and Ketapang, besides that, Menggala city can also be visited fishing boats along river Way Tulang Bawang, while in In the Indonesia Ocean there is a Harbor

West Pesisir Regency Pesisir Barat Regency ( id, Kabupaten Pesisir Barat, literally West Coast Regency) is a new regency in Lampung Province of Indonesia. It was created on 25 October 2012 from the eight western districts of West Lampung Regency. It covers an area o ...

, these ports indicate that Bandar Lampung City is in the coastal area of

land which has the nickname Sang Bumi Lampung (Lampung) with the symbol of the greatness of the

Siger Tower Siger Tower, known in the Indonesian language as Menara Siger, is a tower which is the zero point in southern Sumatra. It can be seen clearly when entering the port of Bakauheni, and it has become characteristic of the Lampung province gate. "Sig ...

as the zero point of the island of Sumatra

Under Japanese occupation

During the Japanese colonial era, present-day Bandar Lampung was administered as a city (市, ''shi''), led by a Japanese mayor (市長, ''shicho'') who was assisted by an Indonesian deputy mayor (副市長, ''fuku-shicho'').

Post-Independence

Tanjung Karang and Telukbetung initially fell under the jurisdiction of

, until a 1948 law consolidated the two and elevated them to independent city status.

Administrative districts

Peta Lokasi Kecamatan Kota Bandarlampung

At the time of the 2010 census, the city of Bandar Lampung was divided into thirteen administrative

districts A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...

(

Indonesian Indonesian is anything of, from, or related to Indonesia, an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. It may refer to: * Indonesians, citizens of Indonesia ** Native Indonesians, diverse groups of local inhabitants of the archipelago ** Indonesian ...

: ''

kecamatan The term ''district'', in the context of Indonesia, refers to the third-level administrative subdivision, below regency or city. The local term ' is used in the majority of Indonesian areas, except in Papua, West Papua, and the Special Region of ...

''), but subsequently seven additional districts have been created by the splitting of existing districts, bringing the total to twenty districts. The new districts are Bumi Waras, Enggal, Kedamaian, Labuhan Ratu, Langkapura, Teluk Betung Timur (East Teluk Betung) and Way Halim. The twenty districts are tabulated below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 censusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and the 2020 census.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. The table also includes the number of administrative urban villages (''kelurahan'') in each district and its postal codes. Note: (a) the 2010 population of this new district is included in the figures for the district(s) from which it was separated.

Climate

Bandar Lampung has a

tropical rainforest climate A tropical rainforest climate, humid tropical climate or equatorial climate is a tropical climate sub-type usually found within 10 to 15 degrees latitude of the equator. There are some other areas at higher latitudes, such as the coast of southea ...

(Af) with heavy rainfall year-round. Rain gets noticeably heavier from November to April.

Transportation

Air

Bandar Lampung is served by

Radin Inten II Airport Radin Inten II International Airport ( id, Bandar Udara Internasional Radin Inten II) (, formerly WICT) is an airport that serves the city of Bandar Lampung in Lampung, Indonesia. The name is taken from Radin Inten II (1834–1858), the last S ...

(TKG), in the neighbouring county of South Lampung. The airport can be accessed by public transportation, such as bus and mini bus.

Road transport

Bandar Lampung has several road transportation alternatives. The most popular is a minibus called angkot, an abbreviation from Angkutan Kota (literally translated as City Transportation). They serve routes throughout the city, operated privately and cheaply. Usually, an angkot covers some area between Tanjung Karang (heart of Bandar Lampung) and an urban area. Currently, routes covered are Tanjung Karang - Garuntang, Tanjung Karang - Teluk Betung, Tanjung Karang - Rajabasa, Tanjung Karang - Sukarame, Tanjung Karang - Langkapura and many more. Bandarlampung Transportation Office has announced that in October 2011 will serve two of seven routes planned by

bus rapid transit Bus rapid transit (BRT), also called a busway or transitway, is a bus-based public transport system designed to have much more capacity, reliability and other quality features than a conventional bus system. Typically, a BRT system includes ...

— the Rajabasa-Sukaraja and Sukaraja-Korpri housing complex in Sukarame.

Rail transport

Tanjung Karang Station in Bandar Lampung is the terminus of the railway service from

, although the railway track continues all the way until Panjang harbor and Tarahan coal offloading point. Many express trains connecting this city and Palembang, including Limex Sriwijaya and Rajabasa Express.

Education

In 2009, Bandar Lampung has a

literacy Literacy in its broadest sense describes "particular ways of thinking about and doing reading and writing" with the purpose of understanding or expressing thoughts or ideas in written form in some specific context of use. In other words, huma ...

rate of 94.3%, slightly increased from 2005 which was 93.5%. However, the high school participation rate kept decreasing from 69.2% (2007) down to 61.4% (2009). On the other hand, high school participation rate in Indonesia rose from 54.6% in 2007, to 55.8% in 2010. There are some notable high schools and universities in Bandar Lampung such as SMP Negeri 2 Bandar Lampung (public), SMP Negeri 1 Bandar Lampung (public), SMA Negeri 2 Bandar Lampung (public, known as Smanda), SMA Negeri 9 Bandar Lampung (public, known as Smalan), SMA Negeri 1 Bandar Lampung (public, known as Smansa), SMA Al-Kautsar Bandar Lampung (private), SMA Fransiskus Bandar Lampung (private), SMP Xaverius 4 (private Catholic junior high school), SMA Xaverius Pahoman (a Catholic private school teaching students from kindergarten to high school, locally known as Xavepa),

Lampung University Lampung University ( id, Universitas Lampung) is a public university in Bandar Lampung, Lampung, Indonesia. It was established on September 22, 1965. Its rector is Prof. Dr. Karomani, M.Si. History The college was started because high school grad ...

(public, locally known as Unila), Bandar Lampung University (private, locally known as UBL: Universitas Bandar Lampung),Muhammadiyah University of Lampung (known as UML: Universitas Muhammadiyah Lampung and Malahayati University (private). In March 2011, Unila already had 70,866 alumni.

Sister cities

Bandar Lampung is twinned with: *

Liwa, Indonesia Liwa is the capital of West Lampung Regency, Lampung province, Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 island ...

Kuantan Kuantan ( Jawi: ) is a city and the state capital of Pahang, Malaysia. It is located near the mouth of the Kuantan River. Kuantan is the 18th largest city in Malaysia based on 2010 population, and the largest city in the East Coast of Penin ...

, Malaysia *

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