Thanjavur District Thanjavur District is one of the Districts of Tamil Nadu, 38 districts of the States and territories of India, state of Tamil Nadu, in southeastern India. Its headquarters is Thanjavur. The district is located in the delta of the Cauvery River ...

was one of the districts in the erstwhile

Madras Presidency The Madras Presidency, or the Presidency of Fort St. George, also known as Madras Province, was an administrative subdivision (presidency) of British India. At its greatest extent, the presidency included most of southern India, including the ...

British India The provinces of India, earlier presidencies of British India and still earlier, presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance on the Indian subcontinent. Collectively, they have been called British India. In one ...

. It covered the area of the present-day districts of

Thanjavur Thanjavur (), also Tanjore, Pletcher 2010, p. 195 is a city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Thanjavur is the 11th biggest city in Tamil Nadu. Thanjavur is an important center of South Indian religion, art, and architecture. Most of the Gr ...

Tiruvarur Thiruvarur () also spelt as Tiruvarur is a town and municipality in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the administrative headquarters of Thiruvarur district and Thiruvarur taluk. The temple chariot of the Thyagaraja temple, weighing and mea ...

Nagapattinam Nagapattinam (''nākappaṭṭinam'', previously spelt Nagapatnam or Negapatam) is a town in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the administrative headquarters of Nagapattinam District. The town came to prominence during the period of Medieval ...

, Mayiladuthurai and

Aranthangi taluk Ara(m)nthangi taluk is a taluk of Pudukkottai district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Aranthangi Aranthangi is a town chola Nadu in Pudukkottai district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. As o ...

, Karambakkudi taluk of

Pudukkottai District Pudukkottai District is one of the 38 districts of Tamil Nadu state in southern India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous ...

in Tamil Nadu. Apart from being a bedrock of Hindu orthodoxy, Tanjore was a centre of

Chola The Chola dynasty was a Tamils, Tamil thalassocratic Tamil Dynasties, empire of southern India and one of the longest-ruling dynasties in the history of the world. The earliest datable references to the Chola are from inscriptions dated ...

cultural heritage and one of the richest and most prosperous districts in Madras Presidency. Tanjore district was constituted in 1799 when the Thanjavur Maratha ruler

Serfoji II Serfoji II Bhonsle ( ta, இரண்டாம் சரபோஜி ராஜா போன்ஸ்லே, mr, शरभोजी राजे भोसले (द्वितीय)) (24 September 1777 – 7 March 1832) also spelt as Sarabho ...

ceded most of his kingdom to the

British East India Company The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (the Indian subcontinent and Southea ...

in return for his restitution on the throne. Tanjore district, which is situated on the Cauvery Delta, is one of the richest rice-growing regions in South India. It was scarcely affected by famines such as the

Great Famine of 1876–78 Great may refer to: Descriptions or measurements * Great, a relative measurement in physical space, see Size * Greatness, being divine, majestic, superior, majestic, or transcendent People * List of people known as "the Great" *Artel Great (born ...

Geography

The Tanjore District was bounded by the districts of South Arcot in the north, Trichinopoly to the west and south and the

Pudukkottai State Pudukkottai was a kingdom and later a princely state in British India, which existed from 1680 until 1948. The Kingdom of Pudukkottai was founded in about 1680 as a feudatory of Ramnad and grew with subsequent additions from Tanjore, Sivagang ...

and Madura and later, Ramnad districts to the south-east. The

Kollidam River The Kollidam (referred to as Coleroon in Colonial English) is a river in southeastern India. The Kollidam is the northern distributary of the Kaveri River as it flows through the delta of Thanjavur. It splits from the main branch of the Kave ...

formed the long northern boundary with South Arcot. The Bay of Bengal bounded it on the east. The district was made of four well-marked physical tracts - the fertile plains to the north between the Kollidam and the Kaveri known as the "Old Delta" which was naturally irrigated by the rivers through a system of anaicuts and comprising the whole of the taluks of Shiyali, Mayavaram and Kumbakonam, the northern part of Mannargudi and Nannilam and the eastern part of Tanjore taluk; the plains to the south of the Kaveri river covering the southern part of Nannilam and Mannargudi taluks known as the "New Delta" for the reason that these tracts were only recently brought under irrigation by numerous manmade canals from the Kaveri and Kollidam and its tributaries and which were less fertile than the Old Delta; the arid Vallam plateau which covered the western part of Tanjore and Pattukkottai taluks and the Vedaranyam salt pans the largest of its kind in the Madras Presidency that extended for about thirty miles in length and four or five miles in width from Point Calimere to Adiramapatnam covering the southern portion of Thiruthiraipoondi taluk and eastern half of Pattukkottai taluk. There were two inhabited islands situated within the confines of the district - those of

Devicottah Tivukottai ( ta, தீவுக்கோட்டை, ''island-fort''), more popularly known by its Anglicized name Devicottah, is an island at the mouth of the Kollidam River where it joins the Bay of Bengal. Obtained by the East India Compa ...

situated at the mouth of the Kollidam and Vinayagateru near Kumbakonam. Most of the landholdings in Tanjore District were ''inam'' or ''mirasdari'' land, the district had the largest proportion of land under ''mirasdar''s. There were few large ''zamindari''s, like

Ukkadai estate Ukkadai Estate is a '' zamindari'' estate in the Papanasam taluk of Thanjavur district in Tamil Nadu, India. It is administered by a family of the Thevar caste and covered more than 7,000 acres.The administrative headquarters was located at th ...

Poondi estate Poondi estate is a permanently settled '' zamindari'' estate in the Thanjavur district of Tamil Nadu, India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by are ...

Kunniyur estate Kunniyur estate was a ''mirasdari'' estate in the Tiruvarur district of Tamil Nadu, India. Previously located in Tanjore district, it was one of the four great feudal estates of the Cauvery Delta. Headquartered in the town of Kunniyur, the "mir ...

, Poraiyar Nadar's estate,

Kabisthalam estate Kabisthalam is a village under Papanasam taluk in Thanjavur district in Tamil Nadu. Tracing out the Vedic history Thiru Kavithalam was the original name for the place however the name changed into Kabisthalam during medieval ages. It is locate ...

and

Vadapadimangalam estate Vadapadimangalam estate was a ''mirasdari'' estate in the Tiruvarur district of Tamil Nadu, India. It was owned by a Mudaliar family of the Vellalar caste. The estate originated as a grant of land to the family who operated as ''Pattakdars'' o ...

in the Tanjore District.

Gandharvakottai estate Gandharvakottai estate was the largest '' zamindari'' estate in Tanjore district. The headquarters was the town of Gandharvakottai. Composed of two disjointed enclaves, the ''zamindari'' was surrounded on three sides by the Tanjore taluk of Tanjore ...

Kallakottai estate Kallakkottai is a village in the Gandaravakottai revenue block of Pudukkottai district, Tamil Nadu, India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by ar ...

and

Konur estate Konur may refer to: * ''Konur'' (novel) ("Women"), Icelandic novel by Steinar Bragi *Konur, Nallur block, India * Konur, Gülnar, Turkey {{dab, geo ...

situated near the Pudukkottai border. But the bulk of land was held by ''mirasdar''s who leased it on regular tenures to ''pannaiyal''s or tenants who in turn cultivated the land with the help of labourers.

History

Tanjore District was inhabited at least since the first millennium B. C. and was the traditional homeland of the

Chola Dynasty The Chola dynasty was a Tamils, Tamil thalassocratic Tamil Dynasties, empire of southern India and one of the longest-ruling dynasties in the history of the world. The earliest datable references to the Chola are from inscriptions dated ...

. The

Early Cholas The Early Cholas were a Tamil kingdom of the pre and post Sangam period (600 BCE–300 CE). It was one of the three main kingdoms of South India. Their early capitals were Urayur or Tiruchirapalli and Kaveripattinam. Along with Pandyas and ...

ruled Tanjore from the 3rd century B. C. to the 3rd century A. D. The town of

Poompuhar Puhar (also known as Poompuhar) is a town in the Mayiladuthurai district in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It was once a flourishing ancient port city known as Kaveri Poompattinam, which is described in Sangam literature like Silappa ...

or Kaveripoompattinam served as an important port trading with

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

. Following the Kalabhra interregnum, Tanjore recovered its past glory under the

Pallavas The Pallava dynasty existed from 275 CE to 897 CE, ruling a significant portion of South India, the Deccan, also known as Tondaimandalam. The dynasty rose to prominence after the downfall of the Satavahanas, Satavahana dynasty, with whom they ...

and reached the zenith of its prosperity under the

Medieval Cholas Medieval Cholas rose to prominence during the middle of the 9th century CE and established one of the greatest empires of South India. They successfully united South India under their rule and through their naval strength extended their influen ...

and

Later Cholas The Later Chola dynasty ruled the Chola Empire from 1070 C.E. until the demise of the empire in 1279 C. E. This dynasty was the product of decades of alliances based on marriages between the Cholas and the Eastern Chalukyas based in Vengi, and ...

. In the 13th century, Tanjore was annexed by the Pandyas who were later defeated by

Malik Kafur Malik Kafur (died 1316), also known as Taj al-Din Izz al-Dawla, was a prominent slave-general of the Delhi Sultanate ruler Alauddin Khalji. He was captured by Alauddin's general Nusrat Khan during the 1299 invasion of Gujarat, and rose to promin ...

. Tanjore was ruled for brief periods by the

Delhi Sultanate The Delhi Sultanate was an Islamic empire based in Delhi that stretched over large parts of the Indian subcontinent for 320 years (1206–1526).

and the

Madurai Sultanate Ma'bar Sultanate ( fa, ), unofficially known as the Madurai Sultanate, was a short lived kingdom based in the city of Madurai in Tamil Nadu, India. The sultanate was proclaimed in 1335 led by Jalaluddin Ahsan Khan declared his independenc ...

, till the 15th century, when it was conquered by the Vijayanagar kings under whom it recovered much of its glory. Tanjore was a part of the Vijayanagar Empire and its successors, the Madurai Nayaks and the

Thanjavur Nayaks The Thanjavur Nayak kingdom or Thanjavur Nayak dynasty were the rulers of Thanjavur in the 15th and 17th centuries. The Nayaks of the Balija social group, were originally appointed as provincial governors by the Vijayanagara Emperor in the 15th ...

, until 1674, when it was conquered by Venkoji a brother of Chattrapathi Shivaji, who founded the

Thanjavur Maratha kingdom The Thanjavur Maratha kingdom ruled by the Bhonsle dynasty was a principality of Tamil Nadu between the 17th and 19th centuries. Their native language was Marathi. Venkoji was the founder of the dynasty. Maratha conquest of Thanjavur Follo ...

. The

began to play a major part in the affairs of the region from 1749 onwards. In the 1760s and 1770s, the Thanjavur Maratha ruler, the

Nawab of Carnatic The Carnatic Sultanate was a kingdom in South India between about 1690 and 1855, and was under the legal purview of the Nizam of Hyderabad, until their demise. They initially had their capital at Arcot in the present-day Indian state of Tamil N ...

and other major powers of the region were brought under the British sphere of influence. In 1799, the British East India Company assisted the deposed Thanjavur Maratha king

in regaining his throne. In return for British assistance, Serfoji II retained his hold over

Tanjore Thanjavur (), also Tanjore, Pletcher 2010, p. 195 is a city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Thanjavur is the 11th biggest city in Tamil Nadu. Thanjavur is an important center of South Indian religion, art, and architecture. Most of the Gr ...

city and ceded the rest of his kingdom to the British East India Company. Tanjore city was eventually annexed by the British as per the

Doctrine of Lapse The doctrine of lapse was a policy of annexation initiated by the East India Company in the Indian subcontinent about the princely states, and applied until the year 1858, the year after Company rule was succeeded by the British Raj under the ...

in 1855 on the death of his son

Shivaji Shivaji Bhonsale I (; 19 February 1630 – 3 April 1680), also referred to as Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, was an Indian ruler and a member of the Bhonsle Maratha clan. Shivaji carved out his own independent kingdom from the declining Adils ...

without a surviving male heir. Tanjore District was created in about 1800, its limits almost the same as that of the preceding Thanjavur Maratha kingdom. Maikondan was a chief of the caste of kallans lived in 17 th-century. He was a brave warrior who ruled areas around Nandavanapatti in

. In the year of 1662, Bijapur sultans invaded Thanjavur. During this invasion maikondan fought against sultans and saved all the inhabitants of Thanjavur.

Demographics

Tanjore District covered a total area of . It had a population of 2,245,029 in 1901. The population density was . As per the 1901 census statistics, Tanjore was the fifth most populous district in the Madras Presidency and the second most densely populated after Madras city. It also had the third highest adult literacy rate (10%) in the Presidency after Madras and Nilgiris, second highest male literacy rate (21%) after Madras city and the seventh highest female literacy rate. According to the 1901 census, 91 percent of the population was Hindu, 5 percent Muslim and 4 percent Christian. Among Hindus, Paraiyars (310,391), Vanniyars (235,406), Vellalars (212,168), Kallars (188,463),

Devendrakula Velalar Devendrakula Velalar is an agricultural community native to the southern, central and western districts of Tamil Nadu, India. The seven subcastes of Devendrakula Velalar are Devendra Kulathar, Kudumbar, Kadaiyar, Kaladi, Pallar, Panna ...

(159,855),

Muthuraja Muthuraja or Mutharaiyar is a Tamil and Telugu speaking community prevalent in southern India. Etymology The etymology of the community name is unclear. The names Muthuraja and Muthuraiyar may be derived from two words, the Tamil nam ...

s (137,216), and

Brahmins Brahmin (; sa, ब्राह्मण, brāhmaṇa) is a varna as well as a caste within Hindu society. The Brahmins are designated as the priestly class as they serve as priests (purohit, pandit, or pujari) and religious teachers (guru o ...

(118,882) were the most numerous. Kallars were mainly found in the western part of Tanjore and Pattukkottai taluks. Kallar served in the armies of the

kings. The Thanjavur kallar today largely engage in agriculture. Tanjore had the third highest Brahmin population in the Madras Presidency (more than 6%) after South Canara and Ganjam and the highest among the Tamil-speaking districts. Most of the Muslims were Rowthers concentrated in Kumbakonam taluk where they formed the majority in the towns of Ayyampettai, Rajagiri and Pandaravadai apart from

Koothanallur Koothanallur (shortened as KNR) is a town in Tiruvarur district in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The town is located at a distance of from the district headquarters Tiruvarur and from the state capital Chennai. Koothanallur is known fo ...

in Mannargudi taluk. They were also found in large numbers in the Negapatam and Pattukkottai taluks. More than a third of the total

Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...

population of the district lived in Tanjore taluk. There were a total of about 600

Jains Jainism ( ), also known as Jain Dharma, is an Indian religion. Jainism traces its spiritual ideas and history through the succession of twenty-four tirthankaras (supreme preachers of ''Dharma''), with the first in the current time cycle being ...

chiefly concentrated in the Tanjore and Mannargudi taluks. The district was known for its Hindu orthodoxy and several historic Chola temples dedicated to Agamic gods and most of the '' Padal Petra Sthalams'', shrines sung about in the devotional hymns of the

Saivite Shaivism (; sa, शैवसम्प्रदायः, Śaivasampradāyaḥ) is one of the major Hindu traditions, which worships Shiva as the Supreme Being. One of the largest Hindu denominations, it incorporates many sub-traditions rangi ...

Nayanmars The Nayanars (or Nayanmars; ta, நாயன்மார், translit=Nāyaṉmār, translit-std=ISO, lit=hounds of Siva, and later 'teachers of Shiva ) were a group of 63 Tamil Hindu saints living during the 6th to 8th centuries CE who were de ...

were located here. There was an Advaitic Sankara mutt in Kumbakonam and

mutts in

Thiruvaduthurai Thiruvavaduthurai is a village in Mayiladuthurai district, east-central Tamil Nadu, South India, where the Masilamaniswara Temple is located. Thiruvaduthurai Adheenam Thiruvaduthurai Adheenam is a Saivite mutt based in the town of Thiruvadut ...

Thiruppanandal Thiruppanandal is a panchayat town in Thanjavur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Demographics Population India census, Thiruppanandal had a population of 10,376. Males constitute 49% of the population and females 51%. Thiruppa ...

and

Dharmapuram Dharmapuram is a village near Srikakulam town in Ponduru Mandal Division in Andhra Pradesh, India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-m ...

apart from many

Veda FIle:Atharva-Veda samhita page 471 illustration.png, upright=1.2, The Vedas are ancient Sanskrit texts of Hinduism. Above: A page from the ''Atharvaveda''. The Vedas (, , ) are a large body of religious texts originating in ancient India. Co ...

''pathashala''s. The chief Muslim places of worship were located in Tanjore and Muttupet apart from the

Nagore dargah Nagore Dargah (also called Nagoor Dargah or Syed Shahul Hameed Dargah or Nagore Andavar dargah) is a dargah built over the tomb of the Sufi saint Shahul Hameed (1490–1579 CE). It is located in Nagore, a coastal town in the South Indian s ...

. Tamil was spoken as mother tongue by an overwhelming majority of the population while Telugu was spoken by about 3%. Other languages spoken include Marathi (13,651) and Saurashtra.

Taluks

As of 1901, Thanjavur District was made up of nine taluks. *

Kumbakonam Kumbakonam (formerly spelt as Coombaconum or Combaconum) or Kudanthai is a city municipal corporation in the Thanjavur district in the States of India, Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located from Thanjavur and from Chennai and is the headq ...

(Area: ; Headquarters: Kumbakonam) *

Mannargudi Mannargudi () is a town in Thiruvarur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the headquarters of the Mannargudi taluk. The town is located at a distance of from the district headquarters Thiruvarur, 36 km from Kumbakonam, 40 km fro ...

(Area: ; Headquarters: Mannargudi) * Mayiladuthurai (Area: ; Headquarters: Mayavaram) *

Nannilam Nannilam is a panchayat town in Thiruvarur District in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the headquarters town for Nannilam Taluk. The town is a main hub for the nearby villages. Many of the population are farmers. Nannilam is located 30&nb ...

(Area: ; Headquarters: Nannilam) *

(Area: ; Headquarters: Negapatam) *

Pattukkottai Pattukkottai () is a major town in Thanjavur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and also important town in Delta districts and Commercial town of Thanjavur, Thiruvarur and Pudukkottai district Coastal areas. The town came to prominence ...

(Area: ; Headquarters: Pattukkottai) *

Sirkazhi Sirkazhi () also spelled as ''Siyali'' is a major municipal town in Mayiladuthurai district in Tamil Nadu, India. It is located from the coast of the Bay of Bengal, and from the state capital Chennai. Sirkazhi was a part of Thanjavur distric ...

(Area: ; Headquarters: Shiyali) *

(Area: ; Headquarters: Tanjore) *

Thiruthuraipoondi Thiruthuraipoondi is a municipality in Tiruvarur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Thiruthuraipoondi is an agricultural town located south of Thiruvarur district. Tirutturaipundi is a taluk in Tanjore District (Madras Presidency), afte ...

(Area: ; Headquarters: Thiruthuraipoondi)

Administration

The administration of the district was under a District Collector who was from the Indian Civil Service. The District Collector of Tanjore resided at

Vallam Vallam is a panchayat town in the Thanjavur taluk of Thanjavur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Demographics 2011 Indian census, Vallam has a population of 14,495. Males constituted 48% and females 52%. Vallam has an average liter ...

. The district was sub-divided into six divisions, some of them administered by British civil servants and the rest by Indian Deputy-Collectors. The following were the sub-divisions of the district * Kumbakonam sub-division: Kumbakonam taluk * Mannargudi sub-division: Mannargudi and Thiruthiraipundi taluks * Mayavaram sub-division: Mayavaram and Shiyali taluks * Negapatam sub-division: Negapatam and Nannilam taluks * Pattukkottai sub-division: Pattukkottai taluk * Tanjore sub-division: Tanjore taluk. As of 1901, there were five municipalities in the district: Kumbakonam, Tanjore, Mannargudi, Mayavaram and Negapatam. From 1800 to 1840, the District Collector of Tanjore was also the agent of

Pudukkottai state Pudukkottai was a kingdom and later a princely state in British India, which existed from 1680 until 1948. The Kingdom of Pudukkottai was founded in about 1680 as a feudatory of Ramnad and grew with subsequent additions from Tanjore, Sivagang ...

. However, Pudukkottai was later transferred to the jurisdiction of Madura and then Trichinopoly.

Economy

During British times, Tanjore District was famous for its metal work. Brass, copper and silver utensils were manufactured in large quantities. The South Indian Railway Workshops were established at Negapatam in the 1860s. The chief centres of land trade were

and

Mayavaram Mayiladuthurai (formerly known as Mayavaram or Mayuram) is a town and district headquarter of Mayiladuthurai district in Tamil Nadu, India. The town is located at a distance of from the state capital, Chennai. Mayiladuthurai was ruled by Mediev ...

, while the chief centres of sea trade were

and

Adirampattinam Adirampattinam is a newly established (Dec 2021) Municipality in the Pattukottai taluk of the Thanjavur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is also short known by Adirai. It is the largest coastal town in the district and fourth larg ...

. The town of Kumbakonam was known for its silk sarees and rice and flour mills. It was also one of the leading producers of betel leaves and nuts. Tanjore city was known for silk-weaving, lace, embroidery, jewellery, pithwork and manufacture of metal work and musical instruments.

List of Collectors

The list of district collectors of Tanjore from its formation in December 1799 till the abolition of Madras Province and its conversion to a state on 26 January 1950 is given below: * Charles Harris (December 1799 - May 1804) * John Cotton (May 1804-October 1804) * J. Wallace (Oct 1804-April 1811) * J. Cotton (May 1811-February 1814) * James Hapbrew (February 1814-December 1816) * J. Thackeray (December 1816-September 1817) * James Hapbrew (September 1817-September 1819) * G. M. Ogilive (September 1819-February 1820) * J. Cotton (February 1820-October 1826) * A. S. Chair (October 1826-February 1827) * A. D. Campbell (February 1827-January 1828) * R. Nelson (January - February 1828) * N. W. Kindersley (February 1828 - July 1839) * S. Scott (July - August 1839) * H. C. Montgomery (August 1839-August 1841) * S. Scott (August 1841) * J. F. Bishop (January 1842-January 1843) * S. Scott (January 1843) * J. F. Bishop (February 1843-May 1844) * J. J. Cotton (May 1844- September 1844) * H. C. Montgomery (September 1844-October 1846) * J. J. Cotton (October 1846-February 1847) * G. Ellis (July–August 1847) * J. Bird(November 1847-January 1850) * I. W. Goodwyr (July 1851-May 1852) * P. G. Rant (November–December 1852) * W. M. Cadell (March–April 1853) * Henry Forbes (April 1853-May 1856) * W. M. Cadell (May–June 1856) * J. W. Cherry (June 1856-January 1857) * H. D. Phillips (January 1857-January 1859) * G. A. Ballard (February 1859-April 1862) * G. L. Morris (April 1862-May 1863) * G. Barbery (May 1863-September 1866) * W. L. Hathway (February 1870-May 1870) * H. D. Arbuthnot (April 1873-October 1874) * H. S. Thomas (October 1874-March 1877) * F. R. H. Sharp (March 1877-June 1877) * E. F. Webster (April 1878-June 1881) * C. S. Crob (June–October 1881) * F. E. Gibson (October 1881-November 1881) * D. Brick (November 1881-March 1882) * F. E. Gibson (April–June 1882) * W. S. Whiteside (June–August 1882) *

H. E. Stokes Sir Henry Edward Stokes (23 July 1841 – 20 October 1926) was an Irish civil servant of the Indian civil service who served as a member of the Madras Legislative Council from 1888 to 1893. Early life and education Stokes was born on 23 July ...

(August 1882-June 1883) * J. B. Penning (June 1883-August 1886) * E. Gibson (September 1886-September 1889) * V. A. Happel (September 1889-January 1890) * E. Gibson (January–May 1890) * D. Murdack (May 1890) * J. Thomson (May 1890-July 1891) * R. N. Campbell (July 1891) * L. M. Winter (July 1891-August 1893) * R. B. Clegg (August 1893) * J. Strooch (August–October 1893) * L. M. Winter (October 1893-September 1894) * J. Thomson (September 1894-January 1895) * R. B. Clegg (January–July 1895) * E. C. Rovson (July–November 1895) *

Gabriel Stokes Sir Gabriel Stokes (7 July 184922 October 1920) was an Irish civil servant and colonial administrator of the Indian Civil Service. He acted as the Governor of Madras between February–March 1906. Family Gabriel Stokes was born on 7July 1 ...

(November 1895-May 1896) * H. Moberly (May–July 1896) * Gabriel Stokes (July–October 1896) * J. Andrew (October 1896-June 1897) * W. B. Agling (June–July 1897) * J. Andrew (July 1897-March 1898) * W. B. Agling (April–June 1898) * J. Twigg (June 1898-April 1900) * J. Andrew (April 1900-June 1902) * F. D. P. Oldfield (June–December 1902) * J. Andrew (December 1902-February 1903) * H. D. Taylor (February 1903-February 1904) * R. F. Grimby (March 1904-February 1905) * E. B. Ellwin (February -December 1905) *

Lionel Davidson Lionel Davidson FRSL (31 March 192221 October 2009) was an English novelist who wrote spy thrillers. Life and career Lionel Davidson was born in 1922 in Hull in Yorkshire, one of nine children of an immigrant Jewish tailor. He left school ...

(December 1905-November 1906) * T. P. Bedford (November 1906-June 1910) * R. F. Austin (June 1910-June 1911) * N. R. Brodie (November 1911-March 1912) * J. N. Roy (March–June 1912) * R. B. Wood (June 1912-August 1916) * J. R. Huggins (September 1916-April 1920) * P. C. Dutt (April 1920-July 1921) * C. E. Jones (July 1921-April 1923) * H. S. Shield (April 1923-March 1924) * H. M. Hood (March 1924-December 1925) * H. S. Shield (December 1925-September 1927) *

S. V. Ramamurthy Sir Sonti Venkata Ramamurthy KCIE (1 August 1888 - 19 January 1964) was an Indian civil servant who served as Chief Secretary to the Government of Madras Presidency from 1939 to 1943 and as advisor to the Madras government from 1941 to 1945. He ...

(September 1927-January 1928) * Charles Hilton Brown (January–March 1928) * J. Gray (March 1928-January 1929) * D. H. Boulton (January–July 1929) * J. A. Throne (July 1929-June 1931) * W. Scott Brown (June 1931-March 1932) * Charles Hilton Brown (April 1932-June 1933) * A. G. Leach (June–July 1933) * M. V. Vellodi (July 1933) * E. R. Wood (July 1933-April 1935) * M. V. Vellodi (4 April 1935 – 1 June 1936) * Zinda Sahib Mohazir (2 June 1936 – 8 August 1936) * Subbiah Naidu (9 August 1936 – 1 April 1937) * D. D. Warren (1 April 1937 – 25 February 1938) * H. R. Uzielli (26 February – 1 April 1938) * Zinda Sahib Mohazir (2 April – 29 August 1938) * Diwan Bahadur V. N. Viswanatha Rao (30 August 1938 – 25 February 1939) * R. M. Sundaram (25 February – 7 October 1939) * C. K. Vijayaraghavan (9 October 1939 – 22 April 1942) * S. Venkateswaran (23 April 1942 – 10 August 1942) * M. S. Sivaraman (11 August 1942 – 15 February 1943) * J. W. Pritchard (16 February 1943 – 22 April 1944) * Rao Sahib R. D. Paul (24 April 1944 – 31 July 1944) * Khan Bahadur Mohammad Ismail Saheb Bahadur (1 August 1944 – 20 January 1947) * J. R. Bett (27 January 1947 – 2 March 1947) * H. C. McLanghlin (3 March 1947 – 9 April 1949) * T. K. Sankaravadivelu (10 April 1949 – 26 January 1950)

References

Sources

* {{Historical districts of India Districts of the Madras Presidency History of Thanjavur