The Tahunian is variously referred to as an

archaeological culture An archaeological culture is a recurring assemblage of types of artifacts, buildings and monuments from a specific period and region that may constitute the material culture remains of a particular past human society. The connection between thes ...

, flint industry and period of the Palestinian

Stone Age The Stone Age was a broad prehistoric period during which stone was widely used to make tools with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface. The period lasted for roughly 3.4 million years, and ended between 4,000 BC and 2,000 BC, with t ...

around

Wadi Tahuna Wadi Tahuna is an archaeological site of the Tahunian culture that was excavated in 1928 by Denis Buzy, several kilometers south to Bethlehem in Palestine (region), Palestine.Braidwood, L., Notes on the Flint Implements of Tabbat Al-Hammām, Insti ...

near Bethlehem. It was discovered and termed by

Denis Buzy Denis Buzy (born at Bénéjacq 22 March 1883; died at Bethlehem 21 May 1965) was a French archaeologist who excavated the Tahunian culture at Wadi Tahuna near Bethlehem in 1928. Buzy was a Betharram Father and in 1933 published the ''Life of ...

during excavations in 1928.Buzy, Denis., Une Industrie Mesolithique en Palestine, In : Revue biblique, ISSN 0035-0907, vol.37 1 4, pp. 558–578, Planches XXVII-XXXI, 1928. Due to the early date and problems with the

stratigraphy Stratigraphy is a branch of geology concerned with the study of rock (geology), rock layers (Stratum, strata) and layering (stratification). It is primarily used in the study of sedimentary rock, sedimentary and layered volcanic rocks. Stratigrap ...

of the excavations at Wadi Tahuna, a great deal of debate has been put forward regarding the definition and position of the Tahunian within the sequences of

Mesolithic The Mesolithic (Greek: μέσος, ''mesos'' 'middle' + λίθος, ''lithos'' 'stone') or Middle Stone Age is the Old World archaeological period between the Upper Paleolithic and the Neolithic. The term Epipaleolithic is often used synonymous ...

Epipaleolithic In archaeology, the Epipalaeolithic or Epipaleolithic (sometimes Epi-paleolithic etc.) is a period occurring between the Upper Paleolithic and Neolithic during the Stone Age. Mesolithic also falls between these two periods, and the two are someti ...

, Natufian, Khiamian, Heavy Neolithic,

Pre-Pottery Neolithic A Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA) denotes the first stage of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic, in early Levantine and Anatolian Neolithic culture, dating to years ago, that is, 10,000–8,800 BCE. Archaeological remains are located in the Levantine and Up ...

, Pre-Pottery Neolithic B and Neolithic and its relation to other Neolithic cultures such as the Qaraoun culture. In the search for naming conventions for the culture that started the

Neolithic Revolution The Neolithic Revolution, or the (First) Agricultural Revolution, was the wide-scale transition of many human cultures during the Neolithic period from a lifestyle of hunting and gathering to one of agriculture and settlement, making an incre ...

, this has reduced

Avi Gopher Avi Gopher is an Israeli archaeologist. He is a professor at the University of Tel Aviv. Biography Avraham (Avi) Gopher completed his B.A. at Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1978, M.A. in 1981 and PhD in 1986. He specialises in prehistoric Israe ...

to calling it a ''"Tahunian Pandora's box"'', resulting in offshoots in terminology such as Proto-Tahunian. It is no longer widely used but would appear to be an early PPNB culture of the

Levantine corridor The Levantine corridor is the relatively narrow strip between the Mediterranean Sea to the northwest and deserts to the southeast which connects Africa to Eurasia. This corridor is a land route of migrations of animals between Eurasia and Africa ...

of around 8800 BC according to the ASPRO chronology.

References

{{Reflist 1928 archaeological discoveries Paleolithic Neolithic Archaeological cultures of the Near East Archaeological sites in the West Bank Pre-Pottery Neolithic B