E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM33, also known as (ectodermin homolog and tripartite motif-containing 33) is a protein encoded in the human by the
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a ba ...
''TRIM33'', a member of the
tripartite motif family The tripartite motif family (TRIM) is a protein family.
Function
Many TRIM proteins are induced by interferons, which are important component of resistance to pathogens and several TRIM proteins are known to be required for the restriction of infe ...
.
TRIM33 is thought to be a
transcriptional corepressor In the field of molecular biology, a corepressor is a molecule that represses the expression of genes. In prokaryotes, corepressors are small molecules whereas in eukaryotes, corepressors are proteins. A corepressor does not directly bind to DNA, b ...
. However unlike the related
TRIM24
Tripartite motif-containing 24 (TRIM24) also known as transcriptional intermediary factor 1α (TIF1α) is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ''TRIM24'' gene.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene mediates transcriptional control b ...
and
TRIM28
Tripartite motif-containing 28 (TRIM28), also known as transcriptional intermediary factor 1β (TIF1β) and KAP1 (KRAB-associated protein-1), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TRIM28'' gene.
Function
The protein encoded by this ge ...
proteins, few
transcription factor
In molecular biology, a transcription factor (TF) (or sequence-specific DNA-binding factor) is a protein that controls the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA, by binding to a specific DNA sequence. The fu ...
s such as
SMAD4
SMAD4, also called SMAD family member 4, Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4, or DPC4 (Deleted in Pancreatic Cancer-4) is a highly conserved protein present in all metazoans. It belongs to the SMAD family of transcription factor proteins, ...
that interact with TRIM33 have been identified.
Structure
The protein is a member of the
tripartite motif family The tripartite motif family (TRIM) is a protein family.
Function
Many TRIM proteins are induced by interferons, which are important component of resistance to pathogens and several TRIM proteins are known to be required for the restriction of infe ...
.
This motif includes three
zinc-binding domains:
*
RING
Ring may refer to:
* Ring (jewellery), a round band, usually made of metal, worn as ornamental jewelry
* To make a sound with a bell, and the sound made by a bell
:(hence) to initiate a telephone connection
Arts, entertainment and media Film and ...
* B-box type 1 zinc finger
* B-box type 2 zinc finger
and a
coiled-coil
A coiled coil is a structural motif in proteins in which 2–7
alpha helix, alpha-helices are coiled together like the strands of a rope. (Protein dimer, Dimers and Protein trimer, trimers are the most common types.) Many coiled coil-type protei ...
region.
Three alternatively spliced transcript variants for this gene have been described, however, the full-length nature of one variant has not been determined.
Interactions
TRIM33 has been shown to
interact
Advocates for Informed Choice, dba interACT or interACT Advocates for Intersex Youth, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization using innovative strategies to advocate for the legal and human rights of children with intersex traits. The organizati ...
with
TRIM24
Tripartite motif-containing 24 (TRIM24) also known as transcriptional intermediary factor 1α (TIF1α) is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ''TRIM24'' gene.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene mediates transcriptional control b ...
.
Role in cancer
''TRIM33'' acts as a
tumor suppressor gene
A tumor suppressor gene (TSG), or anti-oncogene, is a gene that regulates a cell during cell division and replication. If the cell grows uncontrollably, it will result in cancer. When a tumor suppressor gene is mutated, it results in a loss or red ...
preventing the development chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.
TRIM33 regulates also the TRIM28 receptor and promotes physiological aging of hematopoietic stem cells.
TRIM33 acts as an
oncogene
An oncogene is a gene that has the potential to cause cancer. In tumor cells, these genes are often mutated, or expressed at high levels. by preventing
apoptosis
Apoptosis (from grc, ἀπόπτωσις, apóptōsis, 'falling off') is a form of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms. Biochemical events lead to characteristic cell changes (morphology) and death. These changes incl ...
in B-cell leukemias.
References
Further reading
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External links
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{{Transcription coregulators
Gene expression
Transcription coregulators