Sylhet ( bn, সিলেট), located in north-east
Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mo ...
, is the divisional capital and one of the four districts in the
Sylhet Division.
History
Sylhet district was established on 3 January 1782, and until 1878 it was part of
Bengal
Bengal ( ; bn, বাংলা/বঙ্গ, translit=Bānglā/Bôngô, ) is a geopolitical, cultural and historical region in South Asia, specifically in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal, predom ...
Province under Dhaka Division. However, in that year, Sylhet was moved to the newly created
Assam Province, and it remained as part of Assam up to 1947 (except during the administrative reorganisation of Bengal Province between 1905 and 1912). Sylhet district was divided into five subdivisions and the current Sylhet District was known as the North Sylhet subdivision. In 1947, Sylhet became a part of
East Pakistan
East Pakistan was a Pakistani province established in 1955 by the One Unit Policy, renaming the province as such from East Bengal, which, in modern times, is split between India and Bangladesh. Its land borders were with India and Myanmar, wit ...
as a result of a
referendum
A referendum (plural: referendums or less commonly referenda) is a Direct democracy, direct vote by the Constituency, electorate on a proposal, law, or political issue. This is in contrast to an issue being voted on by a Representative democr ...
(except 3 thanas of
Karimganj subdivision) as part of
Chittagong Division.
[ It was subdivided into four districts in 1983–84 with the current Sylhet District being known as North Sylhet. It became a part of Sylhet Division after its formation in 1995. Sylhet has played a vital role in the Bangladeshi economy. Several of Bangladesh's finance ministers have been Members of Parliament from the city of Sylhet.][
]
Demographics
According to the 2011 Bangladesh census, Sylhet District had a population of 3,434,188, of which 1,726,965 were males and 1,707,223 females. Rural population was 2,680,639 (78.06%) while the urban population was 753,549 (21.94%). Sylhet district had a literacy rate of 51.18% for the population 7 years and above: 53.48% for males and 48.87% for females.
Muslims make up 92.62% of the population while Hindus are 7.23% of the population. Ethnic population is 12,781, mainly Khasi
Khasi may refer to:
* Khasi people, an ethnic group of Meghalaya, India
* Khasi language, a major Austroasiatic language spoken in Meghalaya, India
* Khāṣi language, an Indo-Aryan language of Jammu and Kashmir, India
See also
* Khasi Hills
* ...
.
Administration
Sylhet District is divided into thirteen Upazilas.
The upazilas are:
* Balaganj
Balaganj ( bn, বালাগঞ্জ) is an upazila of Sylhet District in Sylhet Division, Bangladesh.
Etymology
The name Balaganj is derived from the Bengali word ''bala'' meaning 'strength' and the Persian/Bengali word ''ganj'' that means ' ...
* Beanibazar
* Bishwanath
* Companiganj
* Dakshin Surma
* Fenchuganj
Fenchuganj ( bn, ফেঞ্চুগঞ্জ) is an upazila of Sylhet District in the Division of Sylhet, Bangladesh.
Etymology
There are many theories behind the naming of the upazila. Some say that Fenchuganj is named after Penchu (or Fenchui ...
* Golapganj
* Gowainghat
* Jaintiapur
* Kanaighat
* Osmani Nagar
* Sylhet Sadar
* Zakiganj
Notable people
* M.A.G. Osmani Commander-in-Chief of the Liberation War
* M Saifur Rahman Finance & Planning Minister of BD Parliament (until 2006), and Leader of BNP.
* Shah Jalal, Sufi
Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, r ...
saint and mystic.
* Shah Paran
Shah Paran ( bn, শাহ পরান, Shah Poran) was a 14th-century Sufi saint of the Sylhet region. In 1303, he took part in the final battle of the Conquest of Sylhet led by his maternal uncle Shah Jalal.
Biography
Shah Paran's birth na ...
, Sufi saint.
* Shah Abdul Karim
Baul Shah Abdul Karim ( bn, শাহ আবদুল করিম; 15 February 1916 — 12 September 2009) was a Bangladeshi Baul musician. He was awarded the Ekushey Padak in 2001 by the Government of Bangladesh. Some of his notable songs inclu ...
, Baul folk singer, composer.
* Swami Nikhilananda
Swami Nikhilananda (1895–1973), born Dinesh Chandra Das Gupta was a direct disciple of Sri Sarada Devi. In 1933, he founded the Ramakrishna-Vivekananda Center of New York, a branch of Ramakrishna Mission, and remained its head until his dea ...
, Ramakrishna Math and Mission Order monk and Founder-Minister, Ramakrishna-Vivekananda Center, New York City 1933-1973
* Swami Gambhirananda
Swami Gambhirananda (1899–1988), born as Jatindranath Datta, was a Hindu sanyasi associated with Ramakrishna Mission. He was born at Sadhuhati in today's Bangladesh. He graduated from Scottish Church College, Calcutta (Kolkata).
Jatind ...
, Ramakrish Math and Mission Order monk and President of the Order 1985-1988
* Nurul Islam Nahid
Nurul Islam Nahid ( bn, নুরুল ইসলাম নাহিদ; born 5 July 1945) is a Bangladeshi politician and author. He served a member of the Bangladeshi parliament from the Sylhet-6 constituency from 15 years, being elected in ...
, Former Education Minister of Bangladesh
* Govinda Chandra Dev (1 February 1907 – 26 March 1971), known as G. C. Dev, was a professor of philosophy at the University of Dhaka. He was assassinated at the onset of Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971 by the Pakistan Army.
* Abdul Malik (physician), National Professor, Brigadier (rtd.), Cardiologist, Founder and President of National Heart Foundation of Bangladesh.
* Rushanara Ali, first Bangladeshi to be elected as an MP for the British parliament.
* Ajmal Masroor, television presenter, politician and imam, Parliamentary candidate for a UK Parliament constituency.
* Lutfur Rahman (politician), the first elected mayor of the London Borough of Tower Hamlets council.
* Mukhlesur Rahman Chowdhury, former minister and adviser to the president of Bangladesh.
* Humayun Rashid Choudhury
Humayun Rasheed Choudhury ( bn, হুমায়ূন রশীদ চৌধুরী; 11 November 1928 – 10 July 2001) was a Bangladeshi career diplomat and Speaker of the Bangladesh National Parliament from 1996 to 2001. He was elected pre ...
, diplomat, UN General Assembly President, Awami League leader and former speaker of National parliament.
* Dilwar Khan, poet.
* Salman Shah, film actor, model.
* Shuvro Dev
Shuvro Dev ( bn, শুভ্র দেব) is a Bangladeshi musician.
Background
Born in Sylhet, Dev passed the matriculation exam from Sylhet Government Pilot High School. He completed his MSc in biochemistry from the University of Dhaka. He ...
, playback singer.
* Syed Ahmed (businessman), businessman, British TV personality.
* Badar Uddin Ahmed Kamran
Badar Uddin Ahmed Kamran ( bn, বদর উদ্দিন আহমেদ কামরান; 1 January 1951 – 15 June 2020) was a Bangladeshi politician and the first mayor of Sylhet City, a role he was elected to twice. In 2013, he lost to ...
, Mayor of Sylhet since 2003
* Enam Ali, restauranteur and founder of the British Curry Awards
See also
* Chowkideki
* Districts of Bangladesh
* List of colleges in Sylhet
* List of people from Sylhet
Notes
References
External links
{{Authority control
Districts of Bangladesh
Districts of Bangladesh established before 1971
1782 establishments in India
1782 establishments in the British Empire